{"title":"Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainability, Sustainable Development and Corporate Sustainability: What Is the Difference and Does It Matter?","authors":"B. Sheehy, Federica Farneti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3549577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3549577","url":null,"abstract":"The terms “corporate social responsibility” (CSR), “sustainability”, “sustainable development” and “corporate sustainability” (CS) are critical terms for developing, analysing and evaluating public and private policy goals. These terms are used to make decisions about investment, policy development, and strategy creation. The terms emerged in different fields of endeavour at different points in time. Accordingly, they have different meanings; however, over time they have come to be used interchangeably mixing up policy agendas, confusing managers, regulators, activists and the public at large. We demonstrate that CSR is the best term for focusing on individual business organisations, “corporate sustainability” is an organisation level environmental policy, “sustainable development” is a public policy, and “sustainability” is the broadest term encompassing global local and organisational levels.","PeriodicalId":299366,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Social Responsibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130479264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainability of Artificial Intelligence: Reconciling Human Rights with Legal Rights of Robots","authors":"A. Younas, Rehan Younas","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3164535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3164535","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancement of artificial intelligence and humanoid robotics and an ongoing debate between human rights and rule of law, moral philosophers, legal and political scientists are facing difficulties to answer the questions like, “Do humanoid robots have same rights as of humans and if these rights are superior to human rights or not and why?” This paper argues that the sustainability of human rights will be under question because, in near future the scientists (considerably the most rational people) will be the biggest critics of the human rights. Whereas to make artificial intelligence sustainable, it is very important to reconcile it with human rights. Above all, there is a need to find a consensus between human rights and robotics rights in the framework of our established legal systems.","PeriodicalId":299366,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Social Responsibility","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115585655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bertram I. Steininger, Claudia Nadler, M. Franke, C. Pommeranz
{"title":"Evaluierung des Energieausweises – Eine empirische Studie zur Wahrnehmung der Energieeffizienz von Wohnimmobilien aus der Verbraucherperspektive (Evaluation of the German Energy Performance Certificate – An Empirical Study on the Perception of Energy Efficiency of Residential Properties from the Con","authors":"Bertram I. Steininger, Claudia Nadler, M. Franke, C. Pommeranz","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3012776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3012776","url":null,"abstract":"German Abstract: Nach Einfuhrung der verbindlichen Vorlagepflicht des Energieausweises versucht dieser Bericht Aufschluss daruber zu geben, wie die Energieeffizienz einer Immobilie von Verbrauchern wahrgenommen wird und in die Mietentscheidung einfliest. Daruber hinaus soll beantwortet werden, ob sich in Abhangigkeit der Marktverhaltnisse sowie der Vorlagepflicht ein Preiseffekt fur den Energieausweis im relativen Vergleich zu den eingesparten Energiekosten einstellt. Schlieslich werden Empfehlungen fur die verbraucherpolitischen Akteure bezuglich des Umgangs mit dem Energieausweis abgeleitet. \u0000English Abstract: After the introduction of the obligation to disclose the energy performance certificate to prospective tenants or buyers, this paper provides information on how consumers perceive the energy efficiency of a property and include it into their rental decision. Additionally, this paper answers whether, the price effect for the energy performance certificate is adjusted in relation to saved energy costs depending on market conditions and the obligation to disclose the energy performance certificate after May 2015. Lastly, we give recommendations for consumer policy to improve the utilization of the energy performance certificate.","PeriodicalId":299366,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Social Responsibility","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116062949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seung Jae Park, Gérard P. Cachon, Guoming Lai, S. Seshadri
{"title":"Supply Chain Design and Carbon Penalty: Monopoly vs. Monopolistic Competition","authors":"Seung Jae Park, Gérard P. Cachon, Guoming Lai, S. Seshadri","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2835251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2835251","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies whether imposing carbon costs changes the supply chain structure and social welfare. We explore the problem from a central policymaker's perspective who wants to maximize social welfare. We consider two stakeholders, retailers and consumers, who optimize their own objectives (i.e., profits and net utility) and three competitive settings (i.e., monopoly, monopolistic competition with symmetric market share, and monopolistic competition with asymmetric market share). For the monopoly case, we find that when the retailer's profit is high, imposing some carbon emission charges on the retailer and the consumers does not substantially change the supply chain structure or the social welfare. However, when the retailer's profit is low, imposing carbon costs optimally can lead to a significant increase in social welfare. Moreover, the impact of imposing carbon emission charges becomes more significant when the degree of competition increases. Additionally, the quantum of benefit may depend only on factors common across industries, such as fuel and carbon costs.","PeriodicalId":299366,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Social Responsibility","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134638305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Residents’ Perception and Attitudes towards Tourism Impacts: A Case Study of the Small Rural Community of Folgaria (Trentino, Italy)","authors":"L. Osti, M. Faccioli, J. Brida","doi":"10.1108/14635771111137769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/14635771111137769","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism, as a dynamic and exchange process, involves a direct and reciprocal relation between users, residents and producers of the tourism product. This interaction component can bring both positive and negative consequences and therefore should be carefully monitored in order to minimize the costs implied with the tourism process. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the impacts of tourism are perceived by local population and which factors do affect the relationship between impacts and perceptions' formation, with specific consideration of the framework in a mountain resort. For this purpose, the paper explores the existing literature on issues related to host perceptions and attitudes and involves a primary data collection in the mountain community of Folgaria in Northern Italy. The number and quality of the questionnaires collected allowed us to perform a quantitative analysis of the hosts perceptions and attitudes and a cluster analysis has demonstrated the existence of different groups within which members have common features and similar perceptions and attitudes. In general this research work has revealed a recognition by the residents of the positive economic impacts of tourism. Also the social and cultural impacts are recognized to be positive, but at a lower degree. In terms of the future tourism polices the different groups identified in the cluster analysis exert different positions.","PeriodicalId":299366,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Social Responsibility","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130756631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Satisfaction with Democracy and the Environment in Western Europe: A Panel Analysis","authors":"A. Wagner, F. Schneider","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.878339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.878339","url":null,"abstract":"We construct a panel of satisfaction with democracy (SWD) and economic, institutional, and environmental variables for 1990-2001 for fifteen European countries. In this sample, controlling for a number of factors, we find that average SWD is higher where (1) there exists an energy / CO2 tax, where (2) government expenditures on the environment are higher, where (3) certain environmental regulations like packaging rules are in place, and (4) where the government puts in place environmental offices or other official bodies charged with addressing environmental concerns. We also find that, on the environmental quality side, (5) more cars on the roads, (6) less unleaded fuel, and (7) higher pesticide use intensity all decrease SWD.","PeriodicalId":299366,"journal":{"name":"ERPN: Social Responsibility","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125833828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}