{"title":"Introductory Chapter: Pathology of the Pleura","authors":"J. Stojšić","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90829","url":null,"abstract":"Pleural disorders are always in the shadow of lung diseases. The discussion of these diseases has been neglected in relation to other diseases although the symptoms of pleural effusion always accompany lung as well as heart diseases. Inflammation of the pleura may be acute or chronic, of nonspecific or specific type. Prolonged, chronic effusion causes reactive changes on mesothelial cells that can be histologically misdiagnosed as malignancy. Tuberculosis inflammation causes pleural effusion characterized by the presence of large numbers of lymphocytes and a small number of mesothelial cells. Tuberculous pleuritis is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis [1]. Malignant pleural effusions are a consequence of lung cancer spreading to visceral or parietal pleura. Pleural mesothelioma also causes effusions [2, 3]. The most accurate differential diagnosis between primary lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma is immunohistochemical diagnosis [4–7]. Pleural tumors originate from mesenchymal cells of the epithelial type and submesothelial cells of the mesenchymal type. The most common pleural mesenchymal tumor is a solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura. The biological behavior of this tumor of the pleura is predicted by the proliferation marker, protein Ki-67, and when its index is more than 4 mitoses at 2 mm2 or >4/10 high power fields, it may be considered as a malignant alteration that creates dilemmas about the treatment [8, 9]. We will pay particular attention to reactive mesothelial cells as well as to tumors of the pleura.","PeriodicalId":299094,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of Pleura","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129024593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asbestos-Related Pleural Diseases: The Role of Gene-Environment Interactions","authors":"V. Dolžan, A. Franko","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.88193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.88193","url":null,"abstract":"Several pleural diseases have been associated with asbestos exposure. Asbestos exposure may lead to the development of benign pleural diseases, such as pleural plaques, diffuse pleural thickening, and pleural effusion, as well as to the development of malignant mesothelioma, a highly aggressive tumour of the pleura. Asbestos exposure related to pleural diseases may be occupational or environmental. Although the causal relationship between asbestos-related pleural diseases and asbestos exposure has been well confirmed, the role of genetic factors in the development of these diseases needs to be further investigated and elucidated. The results of the studies performed so far indicate that in addition to asbestos exposure, genetic factors as well as the interactions between genetic factors and asbestos exposure may have an important impact on the risk of asbestos-related pleural diseases, especially malignant mesothelioma. This chapter aims to present how the risk of developing asbestos-related pleural diseases may be influenced by asbestos exposure, genetic factors, interactions between different genetic factors, as well as interactions between different genetic factors and asbestos exposure.","PeriodicalId":299094,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of Pleura","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128697900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sandri, A. Maraschi, M. Gagliasso, C. F. Cartia, R. Rapanà, S. Sobrero, Federica Massa, L. Righi, F. Ardissone
{"title":"Solitary Fibrous Tumours of the Pleura","authors":"A. Sandri, A. Maraschi, M. Gagliasso, C. F. Cartia, R. Rapanà, S. Sobrero, Federica Massa, L. Righi, F. Ardissone","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.87149","url":null,"abstract":"Solitary fibrous tumours of the pleura (SFTP) are rare neoplasms originating from one of the components of the sub-mesothelial connective layer underlying the pleura. They are the most common non-mesothelial primary pleural neoplasms but still remain relatively rare. Their behaviour is mostly indolent; however, some may de-differentiate into malignant and aggressive tumours. Surgical resection is the mainstay treatment for SFTP, even more so in case of voluminous masses, due to compression onto lung, mediastinum and great vessels. In this chapter, we discuss the disease characteristics reported in the literature with respect to clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment; also, we will discuss the results of patients treated for SFTP who underwent a surgical treatment in our unit of thoracic surgery.","PeriodicalId":299094,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of Pleura","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124340039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cosmetic Talcum Powder as a Causative Factor in the Development of Diseases of the Pleura","authors":"R. E. Gordon","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.88194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.88194","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes some of what is known about the effects of talc as cosmetic or pharmaceutical talcum powder on the pleura and other organs of the human body. It further describes some of the already known mechanisms of how it interacts with human cells and tissue to cause diseases, specifically in the pleura. The effects of talcum powder are well established that the range of diseases include clinical or subclinical inflammation, granulomatous disease and tumors, in the pleura mainly mesotheliomas. Also included are some preliminary evidence indicat-ing what happens in vitro with macrophages in response to talc morphologically and the consequences following the treatment with the release of factors such as chemokines, cytokines and oxidants.","PeriodicalId":299094,"journal":{"name":"Diseases of Pleura","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123538362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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