2018 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)最新文献

{"title":"The economic impact of renewable and non-renewable energy technologies on small businesses: a case of small businesses near the Wallacedene taxi rank","authors":"T. Maphosa, A. Bayat, H. Annegarn","doi":"10.14426/jei.v1i1.570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14426/jei.v1i1.570","url":null,"abstract":"The South African National Development Plan contemplates that by 2030 South Africa will have an energy sector that promotes economic growth and development, social equity and environmental sustainability. This article explores the potential economic impact of 2 energy technology interventions. Firstly, introducing clean cooking stoves which use LPG gas, secondly, solar powered LED lights in small businesses operating within say a 200m radius from the Wallacedene taxi rank in Kraaifontein, Cape Town. Small businesses in this study take the example of Chisa Nyama braai spots, spaza shops and taverns. Wallacedene taxi rank is South Africa’s first ‘green’ taxi rank. It serves approximately 5 000 commuters daily. The Energy-Economic model (Samouilidis and Mitropoulos, 1982) would be used in the context of renewable and non-renewable energy technologies, economic development and energy poverty. The study employed two data collection instruments, which are an interview guide and a questionnaire. The instruments were qualitative in nature. Purposive sampling approach was employed to solicit information from renewable energy industry experts. A simple random sampling technique was used as a means of identifying the business operators as respondents who would participate in the survey. One of the findings was that the introduction of these technologies would contribute towards reducing energy poverty and boosting South Africa clean cooking stoves manufacturing industry. On the demand side according to the Energy-economic model, these small businesses will eventually realize positive financial savings as a result of a decrease in energy costs. The businesses are set to obtain profits through operating longer hours by taking advantage of the cheap energy efficient lighting and cooking. On the supply side the macroeconomic sector is bound to benefit as these small businesses would be encouraged to be committed to banking their profits and the manufacturing of these RETs and NRETs appliances.","PeriodicalId":287148,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130439981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cetane Improvers and Ethanol Performance and Emissions Characteristics Using Pyrorated Biodiesel","authors":"Maroa Semakula, F. Inambao","doi":"10.20944/PREPRINTS201806.0106.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/PREPRINTS201806.0106.V1","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative fuels available at low cost, friendly to natural environments and meet the energy needs and demands, have witnessed a growing demand and use today. Ethanol is an attractive renewable energy source with a high content of oxygen. Ethanol can be produced through ethanolisis, however for this work direct blending of conventional diesel, waste plastic pyrolysis oil and ethanol with commercial fuel improver CI-0808 purchased from Innospec company was attempted. The primary purpose of adding a cetane improver was to improve the combustion characteristics of the blends by at least 1- 3 ignition quality points. Five mixing ratios were chosen in the following order, 50:25:25, 60: 20:20, 70: 15:15, 80: 10:10 and 90: 5:5 for Waste Plastic Pyrolysis Oil (WPPO), ethanol and conventional diesel (CD) respectively. However, for the fuel additive mixing ratio the total volume percentage was considered and the ratio put at 0.01% of the total quantity of blended fuel. In this work WPPO, diesel blends and fuel additives improvers were used as alternative fuel. This was to evaluate their performance and emission characteristics in a stationary single cylinder water cooled experimental diesel engine. The CI-0808 was added due to its potential power to reduce emissions of CO, UHC, NOX, PM and improved engine performance. The results obtained were compared carefully to ASTM standards and discussed using graph curves figures and tabulated values. The conclusion was that ethanol and WPPO blends can be used in diesel engines as alternative fuel without modification. Used in combination with cetane improvers the emissions reduce significantly and performance improved equalling that of conventional diesel fuel.","PeriodicalId":287148,"journal":{"name":"2018 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126841435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}