Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate最新文献

{"title":"Tectonically Controlled Diagenesis and Fluid Evolution in Al Khlata Reservoir Sandstones, Sultanate of Oman","authors":"K. Ramseyer, Katalin Juhász-Bodnár, C. Büker, P. Hoppe, A. Matter, J. Terken, J. Amthor, Frauke Driehorst","doi":"10.1306/13642173M1183804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642173M1183804","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Late Carboniferous to early Permian glacigenic Al Khlata Formation reservoirs account for one of the largest hydrocarbon productions in the Sultanate of Oman. Tectonic activities caused a varied subsidence, uplift, and erosion history resulting in present-day formation depths between surface exposure and approximately 4000 m (13,125 ft). Furthermore, tectonism caused fluid incursions leading to mineral reactions and porosity-modifying processes. Since deposition, the pore water evolved from low-salinity and negative δ18OVSMOW value to a high-salinity brine with a positive δ18OVSMOW value. This change is related to Ara salt halokinesis beginning at approximately 200 Ma. At the eastern flank of the Ghaba Salt Basin, low saline intervals occurred isochronously with the obduction of the Hawasina Nappes-Samail Ophiolite. Dilution event(s) and changes to negative δ18OVSMOW values occurred between 60 and 50 Ma because of intraplate deformation creating new fluid pathways. Reservoir quality deterioration results from compactional porosity loss and heavy quartz cementation. Authigenic quartz precipitated as zoned syntaxial overgrowths cogenetically with calcite, Fe-dolomite, anhydrite, and kaolinite. Hydrochemical modeling of kaolinite precipitation indicates a link to CO2 migration rather than meteoric water infiltration. The onset of quartz cementation was contemporaneous with the obduction of the Hawasina Nappes–Samail Ophiolite irrespective of burial temperature, thus indicating a tectonic rather than a purely kinetic control.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117260862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depositional Environments, Age, and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Minjur Formation in Outcrop and Near Subsurface—Central Saudi Arabia","authors":"B. Issautier, Y. L. Nindre, N. Hooker, C. Reid, A. Memesh, S. Dini","doi":"10.1306/13642172m1183803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642172m1183803","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Minjur Formation crops out along the eastern rim of the Arabian shield and consists of alternating sandstone and shales with minor carbonates. Informally subdivided into lower and upper units, the Minjur Formation records depositional environments ranging from alluvial to marginal marine with tidally influenced channels. The stacking patterns reflect delta or shoreline progradation and retrogradation, recording an overall coarsening upward character. In outcrop, the Minjur Formation was dated as Norian by conodonts near the base. In the subsurface, palynology has established a fourfold biostratigraphic subdivision extending from latest Carnian–early Norian to latest Rhaetian–Pliensbachian (Triassic–Early Jurassic). This study improves the understanding of Minjur stratigraphy and presents a depositional model based on surface–subsurface correlation. Subsequent to a period of subaerial exposure in the west, transgression in the early middle Norian was marked by marginal marine environments, with peak marine influence in the mid–late Norian and corresponding to the maximum flooding interval Tr80. This was followed by development of a gently inclined alluvial or coastal plain. An intra-Rhaetian hiatus separates the Lower Minjur Formation from the Upper Minjur Formation (base of TSS AP7[?]), and a variety of depositional environments are represented, including alluvial fans proximally grading to fluvial to coastal plain and shallow marine environments distally.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115334847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing Multiscale Heterogeneity in Paralic Reservoir Characterization: A Study in Greater Burgan Field, Kuwait","authors":"K. Datta, M. Yaser, E. Gomez, Y. Z. Ma, J. Filak, Anwar B. ALNasheet, L. Ortegon","doi":"10.1306/13642168m1183800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642168m1183800","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This chapter demonstrates a workflow to characterize the impact of heterogeneity in paralic deposits from full field to core scale that can be used for meeting the challenges of managing reservoir performance complexity in a supergiant field. The Upper Burgan member of the Cretaceous Burgan Formation was deposited in a tide-dominated coastline, which laterally passes into transgressive shoreface to offshore deposits. Variations in depositional subenvironments in time and space generated heterogeneity ranging in scale from millimeters to several meters (tens of feet) in the reservoir, which impact the permeability architecture of the reservoir. Construction of a sequence stratigraphic framework allowed understanding of the reservoir geometry and the extent of large-scale shale barriers. On the basis of variability in reservoir connectivity, the entire field was separated into three broad areas. A test case was run in an area of moderate reservoir connectivity to capture interwell heterogeneities. In the basal reservoir unit, a conceptual depositional model was developed through integration of regional geology, core-based sedimentology, and log motifs. The three-dimensional (3-D) depofacies volumes generated with the help of this model ultimately constrained the facies model. The defined object-based modeling (DOBM) method provided flexibility in modeling the mixture of facies that was used as a constraint to the petrophysical property models. Finally, micromodels for each reservoir facies were developed representing millimeter-scale heterogeneities. The facies classified from core interpretation and borehole images were incorporated to model heterogeneity at a high resolution. Streamline simulations were run to compute permeability anisotropy ratios in each facies. The results provided insight into the nature of heterogeneity within a framework of reservoir connectivity. They also provided high-quality input to larger simulation models and greatly influenced reservoir management. The methodology is applicable to other areas of varying connectivity.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129677801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemostratigraphy as a Correlation Tool for the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group and Basal Khuff Clastics Member, Central Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Soua","doi":"10.1306/13642174m1183805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642174m1183805","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group generally lacks high-resolution biostratigraphic control and attempts at regional lithostratigraphic correlation fail, because of large similarities between sandstones encountered throughout much of the Paleozoic section. In this study, we produce correlation workflow for the Permo-Carboniferous Unayzah Group in central Saudi Arabia, trying to define the Unayzah Group–Basal Khuff clastics boundaries based on chemostratigraphic analysis. A total of 1521 core and cutting samples from 15 wells were subjected to inorganic geo-chemical analysis to acquire major and trace elements. A correlation workflow was developed based on specific changes in elemental ratios dealing with glaciogenic, fluvial, eolian, and coarse-grained alluvial sedimentation processes. The workflow was based on changes in the following key element ratios: Zr/Nb, Nb/U, (Rb + Cs)/La, Al/(Ca + Mg + K + Na), (Zr X Hf)/(Nb X Ta), (Zr X Hf)/Nb, and Zr/(Nb X Ta). This study shows that the Ghazal, Jawb, Wudayhi, and Tinat members of the Unayzah Group are well-characterized chemostratigraphically and are associated with distinct chemo-zones, thereby facilitating correlation in the subsurface.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133732750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Depositional Environment, Sequence Stratigraphy, and Structure on Developing Zubair Reservoirs in North Kuwait","authors":"S. A. Azim, Salah Al-Anzi, Lamya Abou-Qammaz, Mariam Al-Blayees, M. Al-ajmi, B. Al-Saad, B. Kostic, M. Hoppe","doi":"10.1306/13642169m1183801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642169m1183801","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) Zubair Formation in North Kuwait represents a major clastic pulse above the Ratawi Formation. Depositional environments and the sequence stratigraphic framework play a key part in the reservoir development and production strategy with distinct depositional barriers giving rise to multiple fluid contacts. Reservoir structure and fault pattern control fluid redistribution. The Zubair Formation was deposited within a (weakly) tidally influenced deltaic system with episodes of marine influence. The sedimentary sequence consists of highly mature clastic deposits with variable and heterogeneously distributed argillaceous matter, containing negligible amounts of expandable clay minerals. The dominant sandstones range from very fine to medium-grained and are weakly to moderately overprinted by authigenic mineral precipitates. Reservoir quality is mainly controlled by the primary depositional detrital clay content, with additional control by grain size and minor quartz cementation within the cleanest deposits. A sequence stratigraphic framework adopting field-wide correctable surfaces forms the basis for the division of the Zubair layers. Lower Zubair deposition (Z10 gross reservoir unit) occurred within a tidally influenced deltaic system locally with a stronger marine influence and diminished clastic influx at the very base. Above a widespread mud-prone marine barrier, the heterogeneous middle Zubair interval (Z20–30) comprises a mixture of sand and mud-prone delta-top-or-front deposits and tidally influenced channel-fills. The main reservoir unit of the upper Zubair (Z40) comprises at least four episodes of incision and fills by sand-prone, tidally influenced channel deposits. The overlying upper Zubair (Z50–60) is largely mud-prone with only minor channel development, including channel-fill sandbodies incised into more marine-influenced deposits in the uppermost part of the Zubair. Reservoir development to a large extent depends on genetic aspects of the Zubair reservoirs. The tidally influenced upper Zubair channel-fills represent the best reservoir facies in the Raudhatain field and have been the main targets of initial development. The amalgamation of individual channels forms a number of complex, heterogeneous, and variably interconnected reservoirs. There is good aquifer support for the upper Zubair sand in such a depositional setting. The middle Zubair channel sandbodies show lesser support from the aquifer and represent a second priority for development. Shoreface and mouthbar sandstones potentially form more aerially extensive intervals of poorer quality reservoir that are locally interconnected with the channels. Such thin but laterally extensive sands are the target of current and future development of the reservoir with maximum reservoir contact wells. Complex structural aspects, filling, and up-structure oil migration have resulted in a leaking trap in the Zubair reservoir in the Sabiriyah field. O","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116023022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Controls on Siliciclastic Input into Mesozoic Depositional Systems of the Arabian Plate and Their Petroleum Significance","authors":"T. Jewell, M. Simmons, R. Davies, Joanne Wyton","doi":"10.1306/13642165m1183798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642165m1183798","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the Mesozoic Era, episodes of siliciclastic input onto the dominantly carbonate Arabian shelf form important elements of petroleum plays, forming proven and potential reservoirs, source rocks, and seals. This chapter examines the temporal and spatial extent of these siliciclastic episodes. It then compares them against known tectonic, climatic, and eustatic events affecting the Arabian plate that may have been acting independently or coincidently to control siliciclastic input by means of hinterland uplift, influence on denudation and run off, incision, and creation of sediment pathways and accommodation space. Particularly important phases of siliciclastic input occur in (1) the Early Triassic (Olenekian Sudair shale) coincident with major eustatic lowering, an episode of humid climate and rifting on the northern part of the Arabian plate; (2) Late Triassic (late Norian initial Minjur Sandstone) coincident with East Mediterranean rifting, a humid episode and a major eustatic sea-level fall; (3) Middle Jurassic (early Bajocian initial Dhruma Sandstone) coincident with localized uplift and a humid climate and immediately postdating a eustatic sea-level fall in the Aalenian; (4) Early Cretaceous (late Valanginian–Barremian Zubair sandstone) postdating a Valanginian eustatic lowering and coincident with humid climate and uplift in northern and western Arabia; (5) Mid-Cretaceous (latest Aptian–middle Albian Burgan Sandstone) coincident with Arabian shield uplift, humid climate, and a eustatic low. Other episodes of siliciclastic input also occur, although they tend to be more localized. Important seals are formed during the progradation of siliciclastic systems “poisoning” carbonate shelves or during transgression when distal pro-delta siliciclastic systems retreat back across the shelf, capping up-systems tract fluvial or shelfal sandstones, or when they are located above major unconformities, capping carbonate reservoirs. Siliciclastic reservoirs include the well-known and prolific fluvial and paralic sandstones that contribute, for example, to the Burgan field in Kuwait and to the Zubair and Nahr Umr reservoirs of the northern Gulf. Lowstand sands (both lowstand deltas and slope and basin gravity flow deposits) form viable, but underexplored, reservoir targets. Source rocks may be deposited in front of prograding delta systems linked to high nutrient supply and water stratification caused by freshwater overhang, leading to anoxia and preservation of organic matter. A well-known example is the Kazhdumi Formation of the Iranian Zagros. A better understanding of the fundamental controls on siliciclastic input onto the Arabian plate will enable better predictions of these key petroleum play elements and a better understanding of the subsurface risk associated with their occurrence.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116221873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcrop Analog Studies of the Wasia–Biyadh and Aruma Aquifers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Keller, D. Bohnsack, R. Koch, M. Hinderer, J. Hornung, H. Al-Ajmi, B. A. Amarah","doi":"10.1306/13642171M1183514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642171M1183514","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, outcrop analogue studies have become a powerful tool in sedimentology for the assessment of reservoirs, both in hydrocarbon and aquifer studies. Data from exploratory drilling campaigns can be augmented significantly by observations on the outcrop of the corresponding stratigraphical interval with the objective to validate the borehole information through direct observation. In addition, through the physical separation of the outcrop area and the subsurface, the increased spatial coverage of a reservoir and its equivalents provides additional information about facies and their changes and thus on reservoir properties. This chapter presents results of a study on the Cretaceous sedimentary aquifers in Saudi Arabia (Wasia–Biyadh–Aruma) in order to better assess the storage volume of fossil groundwater, which is of fundamental importance for the hyper-arid kingdom. Besides the regional 3-D stratigraphic framework, the focus was on measurements of porosity and permeability of approximately 150 samples and the interpretation of reservoir quality in terms of sedimentary facies and its diagenetic overprint. In general, both porosity and permeability are varying on a high level (Biyadh: 1–36% / 2100–6500 mD; Wasia: 3–42% / 2100–6500 mD; Aruma: 1–38% / 10-6–0.15 Darcy). Apparently, the storage volume and hydraulics of these regional aquifers are controlled not only by their fracturing but also by their matrix porosity. Permeability varies by about an order of magnitude among samples or between vertical and horizontal permeability within some samples. This variation can be well explained by heterogeneity due to sedimentary facies, for example, cross-bedding and bioturbation. In some areas, the kind of cementation and its intensity have a large effect on the permeability. The data obtained enhance the quality of the hydraulic interpretations of this aquifer system. Spectral gamma-ray logs proved to be useful for a regional correlation and the correlation of aquifers and aquicludes. This is based on the recognition of the major unconformities in the logs but also on the identification of various paleosol horizons, which regularly show high emissions of U and Th radionuclides. Intensive weathering during the Cretaceous is responsible for dominantly kaolinitic clay mineralogy and consequently negligible K emissions.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132050114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depositional Pattern in the Lower to Middle Miocene Jal Az-Zor Formation from Subsurface of North Kuwait","authors":"S. Tanoli, A. Youssef, A. Al-Bloushi, Khalid Ahmad","doi":"10.1306/13642166m1183799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642166m1183799","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Jal Az-Zor Formation sediments in north Kuwait were deposited on the southwestern margin of the Zagros foreland basin. They are organized into 30–60 ft (9–18 m)–thick repeated fining upward high-frequency sequences. The sequences generally consist of conglomerate and pebbly sandstone, coarse- to fine-grained sandstone, muddy sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone lithofacies, ideally stacked in ascending order. In upper part of the sequences, burrowing and fossiliferous horizons are developed, which reflect marine influence during their deposition. Each sequence is interpreted to have been developed by infilling of an incised valley during base-level rise. Such valleys had been cut down into the underlying strata during base-level drop. The formation was sourced from west–southwest from the Arabian Massif. From the biostratigraphic analysis, late Burdigalian–early Langhian age is assigned to these sediments in north Kuwait. The uppermost mudstone interval (Cap Shale) contains Miogypsina remains considered early Langhian in age. Based on this, we suggest possible correlation of this zone to the Arabian Plate MFS Ng30. Considering the age limits for the studied section, there is another possibility of MFS Ng20 within the basal mudstone horizon.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117022969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy and Sedimentology of the Prolific Devonian Jauf Formation Gas Reservoir: Transgressive Tidal Estuarine and Regressive Wave-Dominated Shoreface Deposits, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"R. A. Rahmani, R. Steel, A. Al-Duaiji","doi":"10.1306/13642175m1183806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642175m1183806","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Devonian System in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) forms a significant part of the Paleozoic succession on the Arabian plate and was deposited on an extensive coastal plain to shoreline to shallow continental shelf, dipping slightly to the north and east. The Devonian succession attains a thickness of nearly 2.5 km (8200 ft), though a significant part of this thickness is from the reconstructed Jubah Formation in deep basins to the east and north of KSA. The Devonian Jauf Formation is an important siliciclastic gas-bearing and producing reservoir in eastern Saudi Arabia, and it formed within a second-order progradational megasequence, lasting from the latest Ordovician to the culmination of the Hercynian orogeny in the very early Carboniferous. It also includes proven source-rock intervals related to plate-wide flooding events. We recommend that the top of the Jauf Formation, in the subsurface of the Eastern Province, be raised approximately 120–130 m (390–430 ft) higher than the currently adopted top by Saudi Aramco staff, to include all strata that are considered as part of Jubah by Saudi Aramco current usage. The present Jauf top (Saudi Aramco’s operational Jauf top) is picked at the top of a biostratigraphic zone (D3A), a practice not recommended by the code of stratigraphic nomenclature for formational tops. The contact this chapter proposes coincides with a prominent lithological change that marks a third-order sequence boundary (SB70). We believe that this distinct disconformable contact is of regional significance. We reconstruct the Jauf depositional systems using subsurface and outcrop data, emphasizing key regressive deltaic and transgressive estuarine shorelines as well as and associated fluvial, paralic, and shelf deposits. We demonstrate the importance of the fundamental fourth-order shelf-transiting sequences and larger third-order host sequences in the very extensive Devonian Arabian shelf building. We also draw contrasts between the Jauf Formation development in the outcrops of northwest KSA (including carbonate embayments) and those in the subsurface of the east and southeast parts of the KSA (wave-dominated strandplains and deltas and tide-influenced estuaries), where there was stronger fluvial supply. The Devonian Jauf shorelines show truly spectacular regressive and transgressive transits for hundreds of kilometers across the wide shallow shelf that sloped gently off the Arabian shield. In eastern KSA’s producing fields, the revised Jauf Formation thickens toward the east-northeast from 170 m (557 ft) to 343 m (1125 ft) and comprises three third-order sequences, referred to as SQ55, SQ60, and SQ65. Five new paleogeographic maps are presented for these three sequences. Each of the third-order sequences consists of several fourth-order sequences. Sequence SQ55 is dominated by a spectacular falling stage systems tract (forced regressive shoreface), which prograded from west to east across a distance of over 200 km","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130581514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facies Architecture, Paleoenvironment, and Reservoir Quality of the Mid-Cretaceous Wara Member, Arabian Gulf, Offshore Saudi Arabia","authors":"H. AlAnzi, H. Tourqui","doi":"10.1306/13642167m1183797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1306/13642167m1183797","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The mid-Cretaceous Wara Member of the Wasia Formation in the Arabian Gulf is composed of fluvio-deltaic to shallow-marine deposits. The aim of this study is, within a sequence stratigraphic framework, to characterize the facies and their distribution in terms of potential reservoir sands using core and wireline log correlations. Detailed core description, well log interpretation and correlation, sequence stratigraphy, depositional model generation, petrographic analysis, and reservoir quality assessment are integrated to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the potential reservoir quality and depositional geometries. Seven high-frequency chronostratigraphic units are identified. They are composed of up to six depositional facies associations, which include fluvial and distributary channels, shoreline and mouth-bar sand, estuarine-lagoonal deposits, delta-plain heterolithics, shelfal marine deposits, and prodelta-offshore marine shales. Lowstand to early-transgressive systems tract, fluvial and distributary channel sands are considered to be potentially the best candidate reservoir units because of the relatively high proportion of medium-grained sand with low diagenetic overprinting. Early transgressive systems tract units of shoreline sands and estuarine-lagoonal deposits are considered to be potential secondary candidates because of more pervasive diagenesis, and their finer-grained character. A west-northwest to east-northeast sand input direction has also been identified and the shoreline orientation improved.","PeriodicalId":284942,"journal":{"name":"Siliciclastic Reservoirs of the Arabian Plate","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126553197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}