PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic)最新文献

Inject or Infect: How Do the Default Effect, Anticipated Regret, and Decision Roles Predict Vaccination Willingness 注射或感染:默认效应、预期后悔和决策角色如何预测疫苗接种意愿

PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3927103

Imke van der Loo, M. Stroom

{"title":"Inject or Infect: How Do the Default Effect, Anticipated Regret, and Decision Roles Predict Vaccination Willingness","authors":"Imke van der Loo, M. Stroom","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3927103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3927103","url":null,"abstract":"The WHO defines vaccine hesitancy as one of the ten biggest threats to global health nowadays. To contribute to finding a solution for vaccine hesitancy, this study aims at gaining new insights on the influence of the default effect, anticipated regret, and decision roles on vaccination willingness. In an online study, a sample of 187 participants (70.0% female, 87.7% Dutch, 79.7% high-educated) receives information concerning colon cancer and a possible vaccine. The results show that presenting vaccination as a default option (i.e. vaccination is the standard in the form) does not influence the vaccine uptake compared to a control group. The anticipated regret people indicate to experience for getting side-effects and colon cancer, however, does significantly predict vaccination willingness (B = -0.36, p = 0.00; B = 0.16, p = 0.03, respectively). Furthermore, people rather vaccinate themselves than their child (B = -0.61, p= 0.01). This correlation appears to be mediated by anticipated regret: the levels of anticipated regret for getting side-effects and colon cancer are higher for the child than the self-decision (p = 0.00 and p = 0.01, respectively). Finally, gender and willingness to take risks towards faith in others also show a significant and relevant correlation with vaccination willingness. These results suggest that anticipated regret explains why people rather vaccinate themselves than their children and that the default effect cannot change vaccination willingness. Due to academic and societal importance, more research should be done to fill the gaps in knowledge related to vaccine hesitancy.","PeriodicalId":282593,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132997871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deterrence of Orchestrated Cheating: Group versus Individual Punishment 预谋作弊的威慑:群体惩罚与个人惩罚

PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3459036

Shmuel Leshem, Abraham L. Wickelgren

引用次数: 0

Regional Government Spending Efficiency on Health and Education in Decentralization Era: Evidence from Indonesia 分权时代地区政府在卫生和教育方面的支出效率:来自印度尼西亚的证据

PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-09-08 DOI: 10.31092/jia.v3i1.452

Azwar Iskandar, Rahmaluddin Saragih

{"title":"Regional Government Spending Efficiency on Health and Education in Decentralization Era: Evidence from Indonesia","authors":"Azwar Iskandar, Rahmaluddin Saragih","doi":"10.31092/jia.v3i1.452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31092/jia.v3i1.452","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to assess spending efficiency of regional governments in Indonesia on health and education during the fiscal decentralization period year of 2010-2017. Relying on a sample of 33 provinces as regional government, this paper compute efficiency scores adopting nonparametric frontier that estimated by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to study spending inefficiency. Results of the paper show that in west regions, Bali, Bangka Belitung, DI Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah, and Kep. Riau relatively most efficient in public spending both on health and education in period of study. DKI Jakarta and Jawa Barat have efficient score on health, and Bengkulu has efficient score on education. On the other hand, in east regions, Gorontalo, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur and Sulawesi Utara were also most efficient in public spending on health and education services. Maluku and Sulawesi Tenggara have efficient score on health, and Kalimantan Selatan, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, and Sulawesi Barat have efficient score on education. The results show that provinces in east regions of Indonesia were relatively more efficient in public spending both on health and education for promoting equal distribution of income","PeriodicalId":282593,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129102859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Benefit-Cost Analysis in Global Health 全球卫生的效益-成本分析

PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2952014

L. Robinson, J. Hammitt

引用次数: 6

Leveraging Social Protection Programs for Improved Nutrition: Summary of Evidence Prepared for the Global Forum on Nutrition-Sensitive Social Protection Programs, 2015 利用社会保护计划改善营养:为2015年营养敏感型社会保护计划全球论坛准备的证据摘要

PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-06-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2831575

H. Alderman

{"title":"Leveraging Social Protection Programs for Improved Nutrition: Summary of Evidence Prepared for the Global Forum on Nutrition-Sensitive Social Protection Programs, 2015","authors":"H. Alderman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2831575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2831575","url":null,"abstract":"The global forum on nutrition-sensitive social protection programs, convened by securenutrition and the Russian Federation, brought together 150 donors, implementers, and country leaders to identify practical ways to link the nutrition and social protection agendas. This paper served as a springboard for discussion at the global forum, and represents a synthesis of evidence from nearly 120 references with a heavy focus on program evaluations. The reach of social protection programs has grown extensively since the 1980s. Recent World Bank estimates show 64 countries running conditional cash transfers as opposed to only two in 1997 and the rapid doubling of countries in Africa implementing unconditional cash transfers - from 20 to 40 in just the last five years. This paper finds that social protection transfers tend to increase household budget devoted to food - often more than other income sources - and highlights evidence that transfers can change diet composition and quality. At the same time, the overall effects of income on nutrition outcomes are not clear and vary by country experience and across studies. Evidence indicates that knowledge of proper hygiene and feeding practices does not necessarily increase alongside purchasing power, hence the rationale to specifically encourage or program behavioral change communication.","PeriodicalId":282593,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131229590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Governance in Health – The Need for Exchange and Evidence; Comment on 'Governance, Government, and the Search for New Provider Models' 卫生治理——交流和证据的必要性;对“治理、政府和寻找新的供应商模式”的评论

PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-05-17 DOI: 10.15171/ijhpm.2016.60

Tata Chanturidze, K. Obermann

{"title":"Governance in Health – The Need for Exchange and Evidence; Comment on 'Governance, Government, and the Search for New Provider Models'","authors":"Tata Chanturidze, K. Obermann","doi":"10.15171/ijhpm.2016.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2016.60","url":null,"abstract":"Governance in health is cited as one of the key factors in balancing the concerns of the government and public sector with the interests of civil society/private players, but often remains poorly described and operationalized. Richard Saltman and Antonio Duran look at two aspects in the search for new provider models in a context of health markets signalling liberalisation: (i) the role of the government to balance public and private interests and responsibilities in delivering care through modernised governance arrangements, and (ii) the finding that operational complexities may hinder well-designed provider governance models, unless governance reflects country-specific realities. This commentary builds on the discussion by Saltman and Duran, and argues that the concept of governance needs to be clearly defined and operationalized in order to be helpful for policy debate as well as for the development of an applicable framework for performance improvement. It provides a working definition of governance and includes a reflection on the prevailing cultural norms in an organization or society upon which any governance needs to be build. It proposes to explore whether the \"evidence-based governance\" concept can be introduced to generate knowledge about innovative and effective governance models, and concludes that studies similar to the one by Saltman and Duran can inform this debate.","PeriodicalId":282593,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Health/Wellness (Topic)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125911637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8