{"title":"The closed cycle gas turbine, the most efficient turbine burning any fuel","authors":"R. Sawyer","doi":"10.1115/84-GT-270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/84-GT-270","url":null,"abstract":"There are two types of gas turbines. The open cycle is very well known as, for example, the JET. The closed cycle in the U.S.A. is just starting to be well known. In Europe, the closed cycle gas turbine has been used in power plants, especially in Germany, and have been very efficient in burning coal. Concentrated in this paper is the Closed Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) as it is the most efficient type of turbine. There are the following sections in this paper: closed cycle gas turbine in more detail; various advantages of the CCGT; Nuclear power; and three comments.","PeriodicalId":277723,"journal":{"name":"Alternative Energy Sources","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114695829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural ventilation: It's as easy as opening the windows, or is it","authors":"G. Siebein","doi":"10.2172/6405261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/6405261","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted as part of a Faculty Summer Appointment at the Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory through NORCUS and the D.O.E. The research consisted of four basic components: 1. An analysis of several national building surveys was undertaken to examine the potential for using natural ventilation as a means of cooling within the existing usage patterns and non-residential building stock of the U.S. 2. An extensive literature search was undertaken to identify nonresidential buildings that have been built and operated in recent years using natural ventilation as a cooling strategy. 3. A series of interviews were held with architects, engineers, building owners and operators to outline the perceptions of these groups as to the advantages and obstacles involved with the use of natural ventilation in buildings today. 4. More detailed case studies were conducted of two highly successful buildings (Quincy Market, Boston, Massachusetts, and the Terman Engineering Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California) to underline the potential for user acceptance of natural ventilation despite the many misconceptions that prevail at the present time in the marketplace.","PeriodicalId":277723,"journal":{"name":"Alternative Energy Sources","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126607257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship of regional water quality to aquifer thermal energy storage","authors":"R. Allen, J. R. Raymond","doi":"10.2172/5443697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5443697","url":null,"abstract":"Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) involves injection and withdrawal of temperature-conditioned water into and from a permeable water-bearing formation. The purpose of this study was to assess ground-water quality and associated geologic characteristics as they may affect the feasibility of ATES system development in any hydrologic region. It was determined that seven physical and chemical mechanisms may decrease system efficiency: particulate plugging, chemical precipitation, clay mineral dispersion, piping corrosion, aquifer disaggregation, mineral oxidation, and proliferation of biota. Factors affecting ground-water chemistry are pressure, temperature, pH, ion exchange, evaporation/transpiration, and commingling with diverse waters. Modeling with the MINTEQ code showed three potential reactions: precipitation of calcium carbonate at raised temperature; solution of silica at raised temperature followed by precipitation at reduced temperature; and oxidation/precipitation of iron compounds. Ameliorative chemical procedures are available. Low concentrations of solutes are generally favorable for ATES. Near-surface waters in high precipitation regions are low in salinity. Ground water recharged from fresh surface waters also has reduced salinity. Rocks least likely to react with ground water are siliceous sandstones, regoliths, and metamorphic rocks. Limestone, dolomite, shale, and basalt contain reactive minerals. Intrusive rocks may yield alkalis, alkaline earths, and iron by hydrolysis of feldspathic and ferromagnesian minerals.more » On the basis of known aquifer hydrology, current population trends, escalating energy costs, and climate, 10 US water-resources regions are candidates for selected exploration and development. All are characterized by extensive silica-rich aquifers.« less","PeriodicalId":277723,"journal":{"name":"Alternative Energy Sources","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128113559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solar Powered Stratospheric Platform (SPSP)","authors":"E. Okress, R. Soberman","doi":"10.2514/6.1981-1346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.1981-1346","url":null,"abstract":"This paper extends the efforts presented in an earlier paper on the Solar Thermal Aerostat Research Station (STARS). It is characterized as a large, constant-volume (vented), solar-powered, heated air, spherical, rigid navigable and hoverable aerostat able to remain aloft at an altitude of 30 kilometers more or less sphere on its own environmentally clean solar power for indefinite residence, with life support supplies. It may be launched on its own solar power from the surface, ground or water, or preferably small helium dirigible shuttle-assembled on site in the stratosphere. Size of the STARS aerostat may vary from less than 1000 ft. to in excess of 5,000 ft. diameter - the bigger the better. Equipped with nighttime energy storage systems (e.g., solar energized water electrolysis, water vapor, etc.), it will be capable of performing, on a 24-hour basis, a wide variety of long-term scientific, commercial and strategic missions in the stratosphere such as the numerous examples previously delineated. Most, if not all, of the numerous missions may be conducted simultaneously, due to the unprecedented lift capability (at 1 mile diameter the payload capacity may be 1782 metric tons) of the proposed aerostat. With environmentally clean solar-energized compressed air and/or suppressed electricmore » discharge thrusters, it will be capable of 24 hours/day navigation and hovering in stratospheric winds to 50 miles/hour or more.« less","PeriodicalId":277723,"journal":{"name":"Alternative Energy Sources","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122634542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wastewater Treatment with Bacteria Attached to Fibers","authors":"R. Clyde","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4684-4715-6_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4715-6_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277723,"journal":{"name":"Alternative Energy Sources","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132556495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Baker, Abdou, D. Defreece, C. Trachsel, J. Kokoszenski, D. Graumann
{"title":"STARFIRE: a commercial tokamak reactor","authors":"C. Baker, Abdou, D. Defreece, C. Trachsel, J. Kokoszenski, D. Graumann","doi":"10.2172/5702013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5702013","url":null,"abstract":"The basic objective of the STARFIRE Project is to develop a design concept for a commercial tokamak fusion electric power plant based on the deuterium/tritium/lithium fuel cycle. The key technical objective is to develop the best embodiment of the tokamak as a power reactor consistent with credible engineering solutions to design problems. 10 refs.","PeriodicalId":277723,"journal":{"name":"Alternative Energy Sources","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121775254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Fillo, J. Powell, M. Steinberg, R. Benenati, F. Horn, H. Isaacs, O. Lazareth, H. Makowitz, J. Usher
{"title":"HYFIRE: a tokamak/high-temperature electrolysis system","authors":"J. Fillo, J. Powell, M. Steinberg, R. Benenati, F. Horn, H. Isaacs, O. Lazareth, H. Makowitz, J. Usher","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-08-025697-9.50087-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-025697-9.50087-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":277723,"journal":{"name":"Alternative Energy Sources","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123589893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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