{"title":"Relative Methods of Population Measurement and the Derivation of Absolute Estimates","authors":"P. A. Henderson","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198862277.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198862277.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Relative sampling methods usually requiring comparatively simple equipment are described. These often concentrate the animals and provide impressive collections. Factors affecting the size of relative samples are reviewed to show that biological interpretation can be difficult. A wide variety of methods for aquatic and terrestrial sampling are reviewed, including pitfall, interception, light, sticky, and flight traps, electric fishing, drift samplers, and gill nets. The use of baited traps, including vertebrate hosts, is discussed. Removal trapping to estimate population density is described, and R software code listed.","PeriodicalId":268175,"journal":{"name":"Southwood's Ecological Methods","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131946753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Sampling Programme and the Measurement and Description of Dispersion","authors":"P. A. Henderson","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198862277.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198862277.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"The steps required during the planning of a sampling campaign are described. The time of sampling within the life-cycle, the size of the sampling unit, number of samples, and distribution of the samples is discussed. Statistical aspects of sample design are introduced, including the normal distribution, the negative binomial distribution and species dispersal, Taylor’s power law, and aggregation indices. Pattern analysis, SADIE spatial analysis, and crowding indices are described. Nearest-neighbour and closest-neighbour techniques to estimate population density are reviewed. Sequential sampling methodologies and software are described. Presence–absence sampling and binomial data analysis are described.","PeriodicalId":268175,"journal":{"name":"Southwood's Ecological Methods","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131867989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}