DSpace at USEFUL.academy最新文献

{"title":"Influence of meteorological factors on the secondary contamination of atmospheric air by formaldehyde ( on the example of the city of Kyiv).","authors":"I. Klimova, Rostyslav Sipakov","doi":"10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2019-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2019-1","url":null,"abstract":"Many authors on the basis of researches give information that motor transport is the basic source of contamination of atmospheric air of cities of Ukraine. This work touches on the estimation of the level and dynamics of contamination of m. Kyiv extras from a motor transport and influence of meteorological factors of locality on the degree of atmospheric contamination (including secondary one as a result of actinic transformations). \u0000Authors set connections between the components of SO, Nox, CHOH, and ambient temperature, on the basis of the analysis of the last five years of statistical information of basic components contaminations from motor transport, which take part in the formation of actinic transformations. The authors found out close cross-correlation connection between the molecules of Nox, CHOH, and average monthly values of temperature on the basis of the analysis of these monitoring supervisions. Also, there were investigational processes of the formation of molecules of SNON depending on other climatic factors of the city of Kyiv, namely: the humidity of the air, speed of the wind, and index of acidity of the atmosphere (pH). It is well-proven that formation of formaldehyde in mid-air above motor transport ways the degree of acidification of atmospheric fallouts influences mediated. However, have a direct cross-correlation connection between the relative humidity of air and the speed of the wind. Temperature terms play a key role in forming the secondary contamination formaldehyde above motor transport overpasses and he takes into account other climatic factors of locality mediated.\u0000Speed of reaction of the transformation of hydrocarbons in formaldehyde at neutral meteorological terms is considered on the example of the motor-car upshot of the Darnicka square. The decision of equalization of the speed of transformation of extras of hydrocarbons is found in formaldehyde by the decision of equalization of Arreniusa. This method can be applied to other cities of Ukraine.\u0000The conducted researches will allow to promote ecological strength security on the urbanized territories by the improvement of questions of acceptance of administrative decisions at building and reconstruction of motor-car overpasses of the city, and also at forming of strategic plans of ecological development of city and setting of nature protection measures.","PeriodicalId":267574,"journal":{"name":"DSpace at USEFUL.academy","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126523866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indoor Air Quality Survey. Prepared for educational purposes based on real measurements made in May 25, 2014.","authors":"D. Varavin","doi":"10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2018-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2018-2","url":null,"abstract":"In 2014, WHO reports that in 2012 around 7 million people died - one in eight of total global deaths – as a result of air pollution exposure. This finding more than doubles previous estimates and confirms that air pollution is now the world’s largest single environmental health risk. Reducing air pollution could save millions of lives.\u0000\u0000In particular, the new data reveal a stronger link between both indoor and outdoor air pollution exposure and cardiovascular diseases, such as strokes and ischaemic heart disease, as well as between air pollution and cancer. This is in addition to air pollution’s role in the development of respiratory diseases, including acute respiratory infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.\u0000\u0000Included in the assessment is a breakdown of deaths attributed to specific diseases, underlining that the vast majority of air pollution deaths are due to cardiovascular diseases as follows:\u0000 \u0000 Outdoor air pollution-caused deaths – breakdown by disease:\u0000 40% – ischaemic heart disease;\u0000 40% – stroke;\u0000 11% – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD);\u0000 6% - lung cancer; and\u0000 3% – acute lower respiratory infections in children.\u0000 \u0000 Indoor air pollution-caused deaths – breakdown by disease:\u0000 34% - stroke;\u0000 26% - ischaemic heart disease;\u0000 22% - COPD;\u0000 12% - acute lower respiratory infections in children; and\u0000 6% - lung cancer.\u0000 \u0000“The risks from air pollution are now far greater than previously thought or understood, particularly for heart disease and strokes,” says Dr Maria Neira, Director of WHO’s Department for Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. “Few risks have a greater impact on global health today than air pollution; the evidence signals the need for concerted action to clean up the air we all breathe.”","PeriodicalId":267574,"journal":{"name":"DSpace at USEFUL.academy","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128470961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International electronic commerce in the system of modern world economic relations.","authors":"A. Bielova, V. Ivanenko, Vadim Stetskiy","doi":"10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2018-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2018-1","url":null,"abstract":"Modern globalization processes are characterized by rapid economic development and the entry of our state into the European European space, which determines the new European level of development and requires the coverage and synthesis of theoretical issues with the development of practical recommendations for the improvement of trade relations inherent in the modern world. This research is based on understanding and systemic integration of the specifics, specific features and development pillars, namely, e-commerce, which provides opportunities for adaptation to new markets with new opportunities.","PeriodicalId":267574,"journal":{"name":"DSpace at USEFUL.academy","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122155766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convective Мodel of Еmission Distribution on the Road Overpass Under Neutral Weather Conditions.","authors":"Rostyslav Sipakov, O. Voloshkina, V. Trofimovich, I. Klimova","doi":"10.32557/issn.2640-9631/2018-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32557/issn.2640-9631/2018-4","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of the degree of atmospheric air pollution in urban areas showed its dependence on a growing number of personal vehicles operating on traditional fuels. This work proves the possibility of applying the theory of a convective jet for estimating and forecasting atmospheric air pollution in megacities, depending on weather conditions and the number of cars that are simultaneously in traffic jams in a car overpass. We use the integral Euler method to calculate the parameters of a convective jet. The conditions for the appearance of neutral ways are determined and based on the considered main ways of distribution of emissions in the atmosphere. The method for calculating the amount of hydrocarbon emissions from road transport was used to determine the secondary pollution by formaldehyde of atmospheric air into the territories of megalopolises as a result of photochemical transformations. The presented studies allow to single out the share of greenhouse gas emissions from road transport in the context of total emissions in a megacity. A method for calculation of concentrations of pollution from motor vehicles based on this model has been developed. This method allows the use of specially synthesized external influences with the subsequent processing of the results of observations and subsequent analysis of the consequences. The effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model can be increased in combination with the use of \"green structures\". This method is suitable for finding optimal management decisions at the municipal level and the formation of the environmental policy of the city.","PeriodicalId":267574,"journal":{"name":"DSpace at USEFUL.academy","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115174199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of weather factors on the speed of the reaction of formaldehyde formation above motorway overpasses.","authors":"Rostyslav Sipakov, O. Voloshkina, V. Trofimovich, Julia Bereznitska","doi":"10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2018-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32557/ISSN.2640-9631/2018-3","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the actual air condition in the city of Kyiv in the areas of big overpasses and crossroads shows that the average annual concentration of formaldehyde more than 3 times exceeds the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of this toxic substance. One of the most powerful sources of formaldehyde formation in the air of the city is motor vehicles. The role of weather factors in formaldehyde formation rate (K) depending on capacity of emissions of internal combustion engines has been analyzed in this article. The equation for determining rate constant has been obtained, which depends on the temperature in the city of Kyiv and on the value of effective energy activation of the mentioned process. The comparison of the calculated and measured values of the rate reaction constant in Observation Point (OP) No. 9 in the area of Leningradska square has been given. The conducted research gives the opportunity to assess and obtain forecasting data on atmospheric pollution and probability of smog situations emergence in Kyiv. The suggested methodology can be used for other cities in Ukraine where motor vehicles are the main indicator of photochemical smog emergence.","PeriodicalId":267574,"journal":{"name":"DSpace at USEFUL.academy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129214148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}