{"title":"Physical Activity in Our Modern World: An Evolutionary Necessity","authors":"P. Lembessis, S. Mourtakos, A. Philippou","doi":"10.31038/chbt.2021111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31038/chbt.2021111","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Volume 1(1): 1–2, 2021 In our modern world obesity is a causal factor in numerous metabolic and endocrine disorders including heart disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), bone and joint disorders and some types of cancer [1]. According to the World Health Organization in 2016, globally more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight and of these over 650 million were obese [2]. Childhood obesity is a more disturbing trend; in 2019 thirty eight million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese and in 2016 over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 were overweight or obese [3]. Obesity is not a cosmetic issue but rather an affliction that places a tremendous burden to quality of life on individuals and health care systems. It is not without exaggeration to say that obesity due to physical inactivity is the biggest public health problem of the 21stcentury [4]. However, obesity is preventable and reversible and for interpreting the obesity pandemic afflicting modern societies we need to understand our evolutionary history and examine the environmental, physical, and physiological conditions that impelled our ancestral gorilla-chimpanzee lineageto shift from a sedentary, plant and fruit diet existence to a foraging, meat eating, hunter-gatherer existence some 2.5 million years ago [5].","PeriodicalId":259075,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Hematology and Blood Transfusion","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121611610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}