{"title":"MYELOPROLIFERATIVE AND MYELODYSPLASTIC/MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASMS AND RELATED CONDITIONS","authors":"B. Bain, D. Clark, B. Wilkins","doi":"10.1002/9781444309782.CH5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444309782.CH5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256581,"journal":{"name":"Bone Marrow Pathology","volume":"32 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127442204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SPECIAL TECHNIQUES APPLICABLE TO BONE MARROW DIAGNOSIS","authors":"B. Bain, D. Clark, I. Lampert, B. Wilkins","doi":"10.1002/9780470757130.CH2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470757130.CH2","url":null,"abstract":"A Perls’ or Prussian blue stain (Figs 2.1 and 2.2) demonstrates haemosiderin in bone marrow macrophages and within erythroblasts. Consequently, it allows assessment of both the amount of iron in reticulo-endothelial stores and the availability of iron to developing erythroblasts. Assessment of storage iron requires that an adequate number of fragments are obtained. A bone marrow film or squash will contain both intracellular and extracellular iron, the latter being derived from crushed macrophages. It is usual to base assessment of iron stores mainly on intracellular iron since iron stains are prone to artefactual deposits and it can be difficult to distinguish between extracellular iron and artefact. Iron stores may be assessed as normal, decreased or increased, or may be graded as 1+ to 6+ as shown in Table 2.1, grades of 1+ to 3+ being considered normal. Alternatively, iron stores may be graded as 1+ to 4+ [3,4]. Examination of a Perls’ stain of a bone marrow film allows adequate assessment of erythroblast iron as long as a thinly spread area of the film is examined with optimal illumination. A proportion of normal erythroblasts have a few (one to five) fine iron-containing granules randomly distributed in TWO","PeriodicalId":256581,"journal":{"name":"Bone Marrow Pathology","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122536342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DISEASES OF BONE","authors":"B. Bain, D. Clark, I. Lampert, B. Wilkins","doi":"10.1002/9780470757130.CH11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470757130.CH11","url":null,"abstract":"Morphometric methods are commonly used in the diagnosis of diseases of bone. These may be divided into static and dynamic measurements. Static measurements include: (i) the proportion of trabecular surface which is resting, resorbing or covered by osteoid (by a perimeter intersect technique); (ii) the thickness of osteoid seams; and (iii) the proportion of the section occupied by mineralized bone, osteoid, woven bone, lamellar bone or fibrous tissue (by a point-counting technique or by computerized image analysis). Dynamic studies may be performed using a tetracycline labelling method. When a single dose of tetracycline is administered, it becomes incorporated at the mineralization front; this can be visualized as a single line in undecalcified sections examined under ultraviolet light. By giving two doses of tetracycline at a known interval and measuring the distance between the two lines of incorporation, it is possible to measure the mean rate of mineralization.","PeriodicalId":256581,"journal":{"name":"Bone Marrow Pathology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131903682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DISORDERS OF ERYTHROPOIESIS, GRANULOPOIESIS AND THROMBOPOIESIS","authors":"B. Bain, D. Clark, I. Lampert, B. Wilkins","doi":"10.1002/9780470757130.CH8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470757130.CH8","url":null,"abstract":"Bone marrow cellularity is mildly increased as a result of a moderate degree of erythroid hyperplasia. Erythropoiesis is micronormoblastic with erythroblasts being smaller than normal with scanty or ragged cytoplasm or with cytoplasmic vacuolation (Fig. 8.1). There is a minor degree of dyserythropoiesis. An iron stain shows siderotic granules to be severely reduced or absent and there is a complete or virtual absence of the iron within macrophages which usually constitutes the body’s iron stores (see Fig. 2.1). Since iron is irregularly distributed in the marrow, a number of bone marrow fragments must be available for the performance of an iron stain before it can be concluded that storage iron is lacking. In iron deficiency, the bone marrow sometimes shows occasional giant metamyelocytes but granulopoiesis and thrombopoiesis are otherwise usually normal. Individuals whose bone marrow lacks storage iron but in whom erythropoiesis is normal should be regarded as iron depleted rather than as iron deficient; a significant proportion of healthy women fall into this group. EIGHT","PeriodicalId":256581,"journal":{"name":"Bone Marrow Pathology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126784892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INFECTION AND REACTIVE CHANGES","authors":"B. Bain, D. Clark, I. Lampert, B. Wilkins","doi":"10.1002/9780470757130.CH3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470757130.CH3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256581,"journal":{"name":"Bone Marrow Pathology","volume":"5105 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122512856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}