AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic)最新文献

Epidemic Disease and Financial Development 流行病与金融发展

AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-08-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3152410

Jiafu An, W. Hou, Chen Lin

引用次数: 15

Could Weather Fluctuations Affect Local Economic Growth? Evidence from Chinese Counties 天气波动会影响当地经济增长吗?来自中国各县的证据

AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-11-02 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3074161

Chengzheng Li, Jiajia Cong, Haiying Gu

引用次数: 0

Age of Marriage, Weather Shocks, and the Direction of Marriage Payments 结婚年龄、天气冲击和婚姻支付方向

AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3466455

L. Corno, N. Hildebrandt, Alessandra Voena

{"title":"Age of Marriage, Weather Shocks, and the Direction of Marriage Payments","authors":"L. Corno, N. Hildebrandt, Alessandra Voena","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3466455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3466455","url":null,"abstract":"We study how aggregate economic conditions affect the timing of marriage, and particularly child marriage, in Sub‐Saharan Africa and in India. In both regions, substantial monetary or in‐kind transfers occur with marriage: bride price across Sub‐Saharan Africa and dowry in India. In a simple equilibrium model of the marriage market in which parents choose when their children marry, income shocks affect the age of marriage because marriage payments are a source of consumption smoothing, particularly for a woman's family. As predicted by our model, we show that droughts, which reduce annual crop yields by 10 to 15% and aggregate income by 4 to 5%, have opposite effects on the marriage behavior of a sample of 400,000 women in the two regions: in Sub‐Saharan Africa they increase the annual hazard into child marriage by 3%, while in India droughts reduce such a hazard by 4%. Changes in the age of marriage due to droughts are associated with changes in fertility, especially in Sub‐Saharan Africa, and with declines in observed marriage payments. Our results indicate that the age of marriage responds to short‐term changes in aggregate economic conditions and that marriage payments determine the sign of this response. This suggests that, in order to design successful policies to combat child marriage and improve investments in daughters' human capital, it is crucial to understand the economic role of marriage market institutions.","PeriodicalId":254245,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125960304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 149

The Fish is the Friend of Matriliny: Reef Density and Matrilineal Inheritance 鱼类是母系的朋友:珊瑚礁密度和母系遗传

AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic) Pub Date : 2016-10-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2910202

Ariel Yishay, Pauline Grosjean, Joseph Vecci

引用次数: 33

Habits of Virtue: Creating Norms of Cooperation and Defection in the Laboratory 美德的习惯:创造实验室合作与背叛的规范

AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic) Pub Date : 2015-01-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2294242

A. Peysakhovich, David G. Rand

{"title":"Habits of Virtue: Creating Norms of Cooperation and Defection in the Laboratory","authors":"A. Peysakhovich, David G. Rand","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2294242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2294242","url":null,"abstract":"What explains variability in norms of cooperation across organizations and cultures? One answer comes from the tendency of individuals to internalize typically successful behaviors as norms. Different institutional structures can cause different behavioral norms to be internalized. These norms are then carried over into atypical situations beyond the reach of the institution. Here, we experimentally demonstrate such spillovers. First, we immerse subjects in environments that do or do not support cooperation using repeated prisoner’s dilemmas. Afterwards, we measure their intrinsic prosociality in one-shot games. Subjects from environments that support cooperation are more prosocial, more likely to punish selfishness, and more trusting in general. Furthermore, these effects are most pronounced among subjects who use heuristics, suggesting that intuitive processes play a key role in the spillovers we observe. Our findings help to explain variation in one-shot anonymous cooperation, linking this intrinsically motivated prosociality to the externally imposed institutional rules experienced in other settings.Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2168 . This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.","PeriodicalId":254245,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124056663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 264

Relation between Shame, Nutrition and Happiness in Children 儿童羞耻、营养与快乐的关系

AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic) Pub Date : 2014-03-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2412051

K. Jaffe, Jennifer Bernal, H. Herrera

{"title":"Relation between Shame, Nutrition and Happiness in Children","authors":"K. Jaffe, Jennifer Bernal, H. Herrera","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2412051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2412051","url":null,"abstract":"Shame helps cement social cooperation, in part by triggering facial expressions that provide biological “honest signals” recovering trust. The variability of feelings of shame among children and its relationship with food insecurity and happiness were assessed using questionnaires filled by children. The strongest feeling of shame in children was being seen naked in public (Shame-naked). Severe levels of shamefulness when others noticed the child’s lack of available food (Shame-food) were correlated with higher food insecurity. Children that had an abnormally low Body Mass Index showed reduced shamefulness of Shame-naked. Maximum reported Shame-naked occurred at ages around puberty and girls reported more shamefulness than boys. Happiness was affected by aspects of food security of the child. Results suggest the existence of at least two types of shame that are affected in different ways by environmental conditions: Shame to be seen naked that is negatively correlated with Body Mass Index; and shame related to interactions with peers that correlates positively with Food Insecurity. This suggests that shame is an evolutionary adaptation, malleable by environmental conditions, fomenting fidelity among reproductive couples, stabilizing families in the long term and eventually enhancing trust and social cohesiveness.","PeriodicalId":254245,"journal":{"name":"AARN: Human Ecology & Behavioral Ecology (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117083154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10