{"title":"Four revolutions in physics and the second quantum revolution — A unification of force and matter by quantum information","authors":"X. Wen","doi":"10.1142/S0217979218300104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217979218300104","url":null,"abstract":"Newton’s mechanical revolution unifies the motion of planets in the sky and the falling of apples on Earth. Maxwell’s electromagnetic revolution unifies electricity, magnetism, and light. Einstein’s relativistic revolution unifies space with time, and gravity with space–time distortion. The quantum revolution unifies particle with waves, and energy with frequency. Each of those revolution changes our world view. In this article, we will describe a revolution that is happening now: the second quantum revolution which unifies matter/space with information. In other words, the new world view suggests that elementary particles (the bosonic force particles and fermionic matter particles) all originated from quantum information (qubits): they are collective excitations of an entangled qubit ocean that corresponds to our space. The beautiful geometric Yang–Mills gauge theory and the strange Fermi statistics of matter particles now have a common algebraic quantum informational origin.","PeriodicalId":243836,"journal":{"name":"Topology and Physics","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134482594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complex geometry of nuclei and atoms","authors":"M. Atiyah, N. Manton","doi":"10.1142/S0217751X18300223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X18300223","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new geometrical model of matter, in which neutral atoms are modelled by compact, complex algebraic surfaces. Proton and neutron numbers are determined by a surface’s Chern numbers. Equivalently, they are determined by combinations of the Hodge numbers, or the Betti numbers. Geometrical constraints on algebraic surfaces allow just a finite range of neutron numbers for a given proton number. This range encompasses the known isotopes.","PeriodicalId":243836,"journal":{"name":"Topology and Physics","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115001928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SO4 SYMMETRY IN A HUBBARD MODEL","authors":"C. Yang, Shoucheng Zhang","doi":"10.1142/S021797929100050X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S021797929100050X","url":null,"abstract":"For a simple Hubbard model, using a particle-particle pairing operator η and a particle-hole pairing operator ζ, it is shown that one can write down two commuting sets of angular momenta operators J and J′, both of which commute with the Hamiltonian. These considerations allow the introduction of quantum numbers j and j′, and lead to the fact that the system has SO4 = (SU2 × SU2)/Z2 symmetry. j is related to the existence of superconductivity for a state and j′ to its magnetic properties.","PeriodicalId":243836,"journal":{"name":"Topology and Physics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115231365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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