{"title":"Why the Australian Commonwealth Government has a Central Role in Addressing Concussion Concerns in Australian Sport","authors":"Annette Greenhow, R. Mobbs","doi":"10.53300/001c.84648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53300/001c.84648","url":null,"abstract":"The neurological sequelae of repetitive head impacts (RHIs) in Australian sport has come under intense public scrutiny. Class action litigation against the Australian Football League (AFL) is shaping up to be a ‘battle of the experts’ and could examine long term neurodegenerative disease. The Australian Parliamentary Inquiry into Concussions and Repeated Head Trauma in Contact Sports has conducted public hearings, due to report its recommendations in August 2023. As a high-profile public health concern, we strongly support a central role for the Australian Commonwealth Government to engage its agencies representing public health, sport and education towards a national approach.","PeriodicalId":241704,"journal":{"name":"Sports Law and Governance Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131893123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Criminal offences for match-fixing: observations on the current framework and suggestions for future national legislation","authors":"Anna R. Smith","doi":"10.53300/001c.71269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53300/001c.71269","url":null,"abstract":"Match-fixing (particularly when it is linked to betting) poses a significant threat to the integrity of sport in Australia and around the globe. More than a decade ago, the Australian federal, state and territory governments committed to the National Policy on Match-fixing in Sport pursuant to which governments agreed to implement nationally consistent legislation to address the issue of match-fixing. However, in 2018, a review of Australia’s sports integrity arrangements (Wood Review) concluded that the nationally consistent legislation envisaged by the National Policy had not been achieved. Accordingly, the Wood Review recommended that Australia become a party to the Council of Europe Convention on the Manipulation of Sports Competitions (‘Macolin Convention’), allowing the enactment of national match-fixing criminal legislation. This article examines the different approaches to the formulation of match-fixing offences from within Australia and overseas and offers suggestions for how the Commonwealth should approach key aspects of any future national criminal legislation for match-fixing, including in relation to scope, jurisdiction, inside information, disclosure, and the protection of whistle-blowers.","PeriodicalId":241704,"journal":{"name":"Sports Law and Governance Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133062969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Regulatory Space of Baseball: Is Global Regulation Needed to Govern the International Movement of Players?","authors":"M. Nichol, K. Kawai","doi":"10.53300/001c.36117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53300/001c.36117","url":null,"abstract":"Occupying baseball’s regulatory space are multiple regimes that govern global labour mobility and the international transfer of amateur and professional players. Professional leagues are the key regulatory actors in this space, non-state actors responsible for establishing the controls on a player’s labour mobility within the league and to foreign competitions. The dominant regulator in baseball is Major League Baseball (‘MLB’) that acts as a de facto international sports federation and custodian of baseball. This article uses regulatory space theory to explore how globalisation forced the increased interaction between professional baseball leagues around the world. Despite the subsequent accelerated evolution of the rules and processes governing the international movement of professional baseballers, the global regime primarily consists of bilateral player agreements involving either MLB or Nippon Professional Baseball (‘NPB’) and other professional leagues in Latin America and Asia. This article will analyse how this system of regulation created numerous problems in the recruitment and movement of amateur and professional players, most notably an exploitative labour system in Latin America that potentially violates various international human rights laws and led to the human trafficking of Cuban baseball players. In response to these regulatory failures the authors propose a number of urgent reforms to ensure the global regulation of labour mobility in baseball facilitates the movement of players in line with international human rights through a global player transfer system that includes independent dispute resolution and that is operated by an independent global regulator.","PeriodicalId":241704,"journal":{"name":"Sports Law and Governance Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134539426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Intercept That Changed the Game Forever: Fifty Years of Buckley v Tutty","authors":"B. Dabscheck","doi":"10.53300/001c.36118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53300/001c.36118","url":null,"abstract":"The thirteenth of December 2021 marked the fiftieth anniversary of Buckley v Tutty where the High Court of Australia, in upholding an earlier ruling of the Full Court of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in Tutty v Buckley, found the New South Wales Rugby League’s retain and transfer system to be an unreasonable restraint of trade. The article points to the long-term importance of this decision, especially it being endorsed by lower courts and tribunals in striking down similar employment rules. Prior to the case, Justice Hardie of the Supreme Court of New South Wales found in Elford v Buckley that the NSWRL’s retain and transfer system was not an unreasonable restraint of trade. The article will examine the differences in approach of Justice Hardie in Elford and the Supreme Court of New South Wales and the High Court of Australia, respectively, in Tutty. The article begins with a brief analysis of Nordenfelt v Maxim Nordenfelt Guns and Ammunition which established the modern restraint of trade doctrine. It explores the meaning of ‘carrying on trade’ under this doctrine. It contrasts two possible meanings; ‘absolute freedom’ (subject to contractual and legislative norms) and ‘Hobsonian freedom’. This distinction is used to explain the differences between the Elford and Tutty courts. The article provides an examination of the decisions of courts in previous sports cases – Walker v Crystal Place Football Club, Hawick v Flegg, Eastham v Newcastle United Football Club and Nagle v Feilden – in reaching an understanding of the decision making of the respective courts.","PeriodicalId":241704,"journal":{"name":"Sports Law and Governance Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123357708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}