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Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction最新文献

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6. Abortion 6. 堕胎
Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction Pub Date : 2020-06-25 DOI: 10.1093/actrade/9780198850052.003.0006
D. Keown
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引用次数: 0
2. Ethics East and West 2. 东西方伦理
Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction Pub Date : 2005-09-08 DOI: 10.1093/ACTRADE/9780192804570.003.0002
D. Keown
{"title":"2. Ethics East and West","authors":"D. Keown","doi":"10.1093/ACTRADE/9780192804570.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ACTRADE/9780192804570.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"To what extent does Buddhism resemble or differ from Western ethics, and does it constitute an ethical system in itself? ‘Ethics East and West’ looks at Buddhism through the lens of three influential Western theories of ethics: deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics. Some thinkers have classified Buddhism as a form of ‘ethical particularism’, or a pluralist system in which the agent is guided by the demands of each unique situation. Others again see it as a form of ‘perfectionism’ because self-development is an overarching theme in Buddhist teachings. There may also be parallels between Buddhism and classical Western philosophical schools such as Stoicism. In modern times we have seen the emergence of ‘socially engaged Buddhism’ as a movement campaigning for social justice and human rights. But does the idea of individual rights contradict the Buddhist doctrine of ‘no-self’?","PeriodicalId":232037,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction","volume":"473 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116187062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
7. Suicide and euthanasia 7. 自杀和安乐死
Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction Pub Date : 2005-09-08 DOI: 10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0007
D. Keown
{"title":"7. Suicide and euthanasia","authors":"D. Keown","doi":"10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"In 1963, the Vietnamese Buddhist monk Thich Quang Duc burned himself alive to protest government abuses. ‘Suicide and euthanasia’ starts by looking at the impact of this public suicide, which directed Western attention towards Buddhism in the 1960s. Many Buddhists believe that one’s lifespan is determined by karma and so it is wrong to hasten one’s end through suicide in this way. Others believe that suicide may be justified in exceptional circumstances. While the classical position is clearly opposed to euthanasia, Buddhists are not unanimous in their position. While viewed with disapproval in most Asian societies given the respect in which elders are held, Western Buddhists who prioritize personal autonomy may take a more permissive attitude. Buddhism is generally more open about death and encourages its followers to prepare for it in practical ways. The Buddha’s calm, resigned death is the example most would seek to emulate.","PeriodicalId":232037,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116519915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
1. Buddhist morality 1. 佛教道德
Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction Pub Date : 2005-09-08 DOI: 10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0001
D. Keown
{"title":"1. Buddhist morality","authors":"D. Keown","doi":"10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter summarizes the main moral teachings, precepts, and virtues common to the major schools of Buddhism. While these schools often exhibit divergent practices and customs, it seems legitimate to speak of them sharing a common moral core grounded in the teachings of the Buddha originating in the 5th century bce and then handed down largely unaltered through the centuries. A central part of this common core are the Five Precepts observed by lay Buddhists everywhere. The monastic community has its own set of rules and regulations in the Vinaya. Buddhist moral beliefs are underpinned by the cosmic principle of Dharma, of which the law of karma is an aspect. Like science, karma is objective, but unlike science it is not value-free. Karma is concerned with voluntary actions and the good and bad consequences flowing from moral choices.","PeriodicalId":232037,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126694798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
3. Animals and the environment 3.动物与环境
Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction Pub Date : 2005-09-08 DOI: 10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0003
D. Keown
{"title":"3. Animals and the environment","authors":"D. Keown","doi":"10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192804570.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Is Buddhism truly an ‘eco-friendly’ religion? ‘Animals and the environment’ examines the implications of Buddhist teachings such as that human beings can be reborn as animals and vice versa. While the Buddhist ‘sublime attitudes’ such as kindness and compassion seem at first to favour animals to a greater degree than we find in Christianity, human life still takes precedence in the hierarchy of living beings. Rules about plant life are unclear, with Buddhist writers acknowledging the beauty of both the wilderness and civilization. Vegetarianism is largely seen as a morally superior diet, but meat-eating was common at the time of the Buddha and is widely practised by monks today. Buddhist attitudes toward the natural world are complex and are to some extent overshadowed by the belief that the world as we know it is fundamentally flawed.","PeriodicalId":232037,"journal":{"name":"Buddhist Ethics: A Very Short Introduction","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126216739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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