Abuse: An International Journal最新文献

Elucidating the relationship between alexithymia and aggression: A Rapid Evidence Assessment 述情障碍与攻击的关系:快速证据评估

Abuse: An International Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.37576/abuse.2022.031

Astrid Bastiaen, N. Krishnan, J. Ireland

{"title":"Elucidating the relationship between alexithymia and aggression: A Rapid Evidence Assessment","authors":"Astrid Bastiaen, N. Krishnan, J. Ireland","doi":"10.37576/abuse.2022.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.031","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to consider the under-researched association between alexithymia and aggression perpetration, accounting for its raised prevalence in offender populations. Using a Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA), a total of 37 papers were included. Five subordinate themes were identified; (1) Those with alexithymia are reactive but not primarily instrumentally/proactively aggressive; (2) Difficulties in identifying and distinguishing between feelings and somatic sensations, is particularly predictive of aggression; (3) Continuum-based measures are more sensitive than categorical-based measures of aggression in detecting an association between alexithymia and aggression; (4) Prison environments could exacerbate the manifestation of alexithymia and the association with aggression, and (5) The association between alexithymia and aggression in forensic and community mental health populations is understudied. Evidence was clear in indicating an association between alexithymia and aggression, thereby raising the value of this clinical concept to future aggression research and considerations for assessment and therapeutic engagement with those presenting with aggression who may otherwise be considered simply to ‘lack empathy’. It would appear such a conclusion would be too rudimentary and fail to acknowledge the complexity of what could be an alexithymia presentation.","PeriodicalId":224975,"journal":{"name":"Abuse: An International Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124052117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the experiences of children whose parents are incarcerated 探索父母被监禁的孩子的经历

Abuse: An International Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.37576/abuse.2022.032

Lara G. Carroll, Philip Birch

引用次数: 0

Vicarious trauma and compassion fatigue in residential care workers of traumatized children 心理创伤儿童寄宿护理员的替代性创伤与同情疲劳

Abuse: An International Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.37576/abuse.2022.030

C. Ireland, S. Keeley, Michael Lewis, Suzanne Bowden

{"title":"Vicarious trauma and compassion fatigue in residential care workers of traumatized children","authors":"C. Ireland, S. Keeley, Michael Lewis, Suzanne Bowden","doi":"10.37576/abuse.2022.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.030","url":null,"abstract":"This research comprised of 13 face-to-face semi-structured interviews with residential care workers (seven males and six females), all based within the same UK residential care organisation, offering care for adolescents aged 11 to 17 years. Interviews focussed on the psychological impact of traumatic events on staff functioning. Findings noted that participants had been exposed to varied distressing and traumatic experiences, occurring within and outside their employment. Experiences included witnessing or being a victim of physical and sexual aggression, witnessing self-injury or suicidal behaviour, and reading about neglect, abuse, self-injury, suicidal behaviour, and physical and sexual aggression from residents’ histories. When considering the psychological impact on staff, qualitative analyses identified themes of emotional distress and interpersonal discord. Furthermore, increased exposure to a young person’s traumatic experience led to endurance being prioritised over emotional wellbeing, ineffective coping, and poor sleep hygiene. A reduction in the impact of exposure to a young person’s traumatic experiences related to emotional and proactive support from others, use of effective coping, and increased knowledge and preparation into distressing events. The findings are discussed in relation to the overall impact of trauma exposure on staff, protective factors, and suggestions for staff intervention to reduce and/or remove potential impact.","PeriodicalId":224975,"journal":{"name":"Abuse: An International Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127852397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Living Rough: An exploratory study on the vulnerabilities of rough sleepers in Birmingham, United Kingdom 露宿者:英国伯明翰露宿者脆弱性的探索性研究

Abuse: An International Journal Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.37576/abuse.2022.029

M. Rahman, Maram Abdulkader

{"title":"Living Rough: An exploratory study on the vulnerabilities of rough sleepers in Birmingham, United Kingdom","authors":"M. Rahman, Maram Abdulkader","doi":"10.37576/abuse.2022.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.029","url":null,"abstract":"The rough sleeping homeless cohort is a marginalised population that has steadily increased over the past 10 years, across the United Kingdom (UK). Understanding this type of homelessness and the vulnerabilities associated with it is crucial, as it is often misconstrued due to policy ambiguity. This article examines rough sleepers as a vulnerable cohort and explores the precursors that lead to them becoming vulnerable and subsequently victimised. The key findings revealed that rough sleepers frequently endure implicit and explicit modes of exploitation. Their implicit exploitation puts them in a position of vulnerability that affects their ability to trust the public, statutory and third sector organisations. This questions their belonging in society and forces them to establish new ties and bonds, which exposes them to additional vulnerabilities. The explicit exploitation is the mere exposure of living in the streets, which puts them at greater risk of being victimised by the public, statutory bodies and criminal groups. This article concludes by offering practical recommendations of how the issue of rough sleeping can be better addressed via multi-agency, governmental, and academic work.","PeriodicalId":224975,"journal":{"name":"Abuse: An International Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132609132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resilience Measured as an Outcome Variable in a Sample of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Professionals 弹性作为紧急医疗服务(EMS)专业人员样本的结果变量

Abuse: An International Journal Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.37576/abuse.2022.028

Kathryn Shahana, Warren N. Ponder, L. Malthaner, K. Jetelina, Donna L. Schuman, Jose Carbajal

{"title":"Resilience Measured as an Outcome Variable in a Sample of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Professionals","authors":"Kathryn Shahana, Warren N. Ponder, L. Malthaner, K. Jetelina, Donna L. Schuman, Jose Carbajal","doi":"10.37576/abuse.2022.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.028","url":null,"abstract":"The construct of resilience is usually entered into statistical models as an independent variable even though scholars assert it should be conceptualised similarly to other post-trauma mental health outcomes (Kalisch et al., 2017). To the best of our knowledge, there are no other published papers using a dependent variable from a standardised resilience assessment and individual trauma exposure item-level responses as predictor variables. 93 Emergency Medical Service (EMS) professionals completed the Life Events Checklist (LEC) and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Each response to all LEC questions was entered into a backwards stepwise regression predicting resilience. The backwards stepwise regression was significant F(7, 85) = 9.14, p < .001 and accounted for 38.3% of the variability in resilience. Gender and LEC items 3, 10, 12, and 13 negatively predicted resilience, whereas prior military service and LEC item 14 (sudden violent death) increased resilience. Even 20 months into the COVID-19 pandemic, EMS professionals continued to serve their communities. Surprisingly, sudden violent death significantly increased resilience (β = .43, p < .001). We concur with scholarship on EMS professionals (before and during the pandemic) that resilience should be thought of as applied when needed (Carbajal et al., 2021; Ponder et al., 2022).","PeriodicalId":224975,"journal":{"name":"Abuse: An International Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124104145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Potential Application for First Responder Organisations of Desensitisation and Reprocessing Treatment for Individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 创伤后应激障碍患者脱敏和再加工治疗的第一反应组织的潜在应用

Abuse: An International Journal Pub Date : 2022-02-07 DOI: 10.37576/abuse.2022.027

Harriette Melanie, M. Melanie

{"title":"Potential Application for First Responder Organisations of Desensitisation and Reprocessing Treatment for Individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"Harriette Melanie, M. Melanie","doi":"10.37576/abuse.2022.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.027","url":null,"abstract":"This literature review discusses the impact and nature of traumatic experiences of first responders, focusing on their ability to cope with the cognitive and behavioural symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). First responders are defined as police, fire, ambulance, military, public health service workers, and state, local, and volunteer agencies, who protect and safeguard communities. First responders disproportionately suffer from PTSD; symptoms often lead to inability to continue their duties. Individuals and organisations should consider how individuals recover from PTSD. This paper reviews literature on PTSD interventions and recommends Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy for treatment of PTSD in first responders. The literature review explored effective treatment options for overcoming PTSD and found an embedded culture in first responder organisations of cognitive avoidance, which results in reduced help seeking behaviours. Poor help-seeking behaviours correlate with high levels of PTSD and psychological distress, low levels of mental health literacy, and career issues. This paper discusses how EMDR is a potential and effective therapy to reduce symptoms of PTSD in first responders. Evidence reviewed in this paper suggests EMDR should be used as a treatment option for first responders to help reformulate negative thoughts/beliefs associated with exposure to traumatic events.","PeriodicalId":224975,"journal":{"name":"Abuse: An International Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133617865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0