Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry最新文献

{"title":"On-field assessment of critical period of weed interference in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) moench] field in Ibadan, a rainforest-savanna transition eco-zone of Nigeria.","authors":"R. Awodoyin, O. Olubode","doi":"10.17660/ACTAHORTIC.2011.911.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17660/ACTAHORTIC.2011.911.11","url":null,"abstract":"The critical period of weed interference is defined as the period in the life cycle of a crop during which it must be kept free of weeds to prevent unacceptable yield losses. The critical period of weed interference in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] was determined in the field trials during two cropping seasons (2006 and 2007) in the crop garden of the Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan located in the rainforest-savanna transition ecological zone of Nigeria. The study, consisting of two sets of treatments was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. In the first set of treatments, the crop was kept free of weeds for the first 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after planting (WAP) and subsequently weeds were allowed to grow (weed-free then weedy, WF-WD) until harvest, to determine the growth stage at which emerging weeds would no longer reduce the crop yields. In the second set of treatments, weeds were permitted to grow with the crop for an increasing length of time as listed above and subsequently the plots remained weed-free (weedy then weed-free, WD-WF) to determine the period at which weeds emerging with the crop began to suppress the growth of the crop and reduce its yield. Seasonlong weed-free (WD-0-WF) and weedy (WF-0-WD) treatments served as checks to compare weed competition and yield losses with other treatments. Season-long weed interference with okra resulted in 42.3% and 33.3% reduction in plant height, 54.9% and 45.5% reduction in stem diameter and 71.2% and 79.5% reduction in okra shoot dry weight in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Weeds that interfered with okra from 2 WAP resulted in 79.8% and 72.5% fresh fruit yield reduction in 2006 and 2007 respectively, and weed interference with okra from 8 WAP resulted in 19.8% and 19.6% yield losses in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Thirty one (31) weed species were enumerated in the study area with dicotyledons being the most prevalent (80.7%). The most important of the weed species among the dicotyledons was Synedrella As. J. Food Ag-Ind. 2009, Special Issue, S288-S296 289 nodiflora (RIV=12.5%) and among the monocotyledons was Panicum repens (RIV=9.5%). The Shannon-Wiener Index and Equitability index for the community was 2.804 and 0.817, respectively. In 2006, weeds that interfered with okra for the first 2 WAP resulted in 17% yield reduction while the season-long interference resulted in a 90.2% yield reduction. Also in 2007, competition between weeds and okra for the first 2 WAP and season-long interference resulted in 16.4% and 92.2% fresh fruit yield reduction, respectively. Results in the two cropping seasons showed that, to prevent >10% fruit yield losses in okra, the field must be kept free of weeds throughout the entire growing cycle.","PeriodicalId":194630,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry","volume":"337 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134159317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manufacture of carbonated tender coconut water and development of a process for the utilization of coconut flesh.","authors":"P. Silva, A. Bamunuarachchi","doi":"10.31357/fapsmst.2008.00486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31357/fapsmst.2008.00486","url":null,"abstract":"According to previous research, tender coconut water (Cocos nucifera) is one of the highest sources of electrolytes known to man. It contains sugar, vitamins, minerals, potassium, magnesium, fibre, proteins and antioxidants. Coconut flesh is sweet and contains less sugar, more protein than many popular fruit. It has less fat, and these have a high proportion of saturated fat, and it is relatively high in minerals such as iron, phosphorus and zinc. Both tender coconut water and coconut flesh are used as food and medicine. Recently, modern medicinal research has confirmed many health benefits traditionally attributed to this remarkable tender coconut water and flesh. In this research the coconut was studied as a source of nutrients, as well as how to retain these nutrients during processing for the preparation of a carbonated beverage & coconut jam. Carbonated tender coconut water and coconut jam provide a range of nutrients which are necessary for human health. A series of chemical, nutrient and sensory tests for beverage and jam were conducted. The developed carbonated tender coconut water had many beneficial effects because it had added lime juice and vitamin C (ascorbic acid). According to analysis of the results, the two products are nutritionally rich.","PeriodicalId":194630,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124252550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}