Katharina Scherschel,Hanna Wolf,Olujimi A Ajijola,Kalyanam Shivkumar,Diana Lindner,Jose A Gomez-Sanchez,Christian Meyer
{"title":"Glia of the heart's nervous system.","authors":"Katharina Scherschel,Hanna Wolf,Olujimi A Ajijola,Kalyanam Shivkumar,Diana Lindner,Jose A Gomez-Sanchez,Christian Meyer","doi":"10.1038/s41583-025-00974-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-025-00974-7","url":null,"abstract":"The heart adapts to changing physiological demands through bidirectional interactions with the brain. These are mediated via extensive feedback loops of the cardiac autonomic nervous system, a complex network of neurons and glial cells. Although the presence of glia in the heart and its nervous system has been known for decades, only recently has an understanding of their contribution to cardiac physiology and pathophysiology emerged. As new types of cardiac glia are discovered, it becomes evident that they represent heterogeneous cell populations in distinct anatomical locations of the cardiac nervous system, contributing not only to autonomic control of the healthy heart but also to pathological changes in the diseased heart.","PeriodicalId":19082,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic modulation of the blood-brain barrier in the healthy brain.","authors":"Alon Friedman,Ofer Prager,Yonatan Serlin,Daniela Kaufer","doi":"10.1038/s41583-025-00976-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-025-00976-5","url":null,"abstract":"The blood-brain barrier (BBB) performs intricate and dynamic functions that extend far beyond its traditional role as a static protective barrier, playing a pivotal role in maintaining CNS homeostasis. These multifaceted functions are rooted in its specialized architectural and cellular composition. In this Review, we examine the dynamic modulation of BBB function during physiological conditions and the hypothesis that such modulation contributes directly to neural and glial plasticity. We provide an integrated examination of the BBB's diverse cellular components - endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia and vascular smooth muscle cells - across different CNS vascular segments. We discuss how physiological features and states, including circadian rhythms, physical activity, stress and hormonal fluctuations, dynamically alter BBB permeability and signalling, potentially shaping synaptic function, neuronal circuit dynamics and glial responsiveness. Understanding these mechanisms offers new insights into the neurovascular basis of synaptic plasticity and suggests that the BBB may be an under-recognized regulator and modulator of brain adaptability in both health and disease.","PeriodicalId":19082,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145296126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amplifying the signal: how the brain resolves cognitive conflict.","authors":"Chenyan Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41583-025-00984-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-025-00984-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19082,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}