Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World最新文献

{"title":"The Globe as Mappa Mundi? Reflections on Terrestrial Globes from around 1500","authors":"Felicitas Schmieder","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-007","url":null,"abstract":"The Latin-European ‘discovery’ of America is usually considered one of the most important events that defines the epochal watershed between medieval and modern. Especially in the field of cartography the necessity of adding much more new land to the old ideas had to have deep impact, and impact that has usually been considered the basis for the decision to finally drop traditional concepts of representations and, again, to stick with recently developed more modern ones. Especially the representation of the earth on an actual globe (not just the representation of the globe on a flat surface like in the Mappae Mundi) seems to be proof of this interpretation of cartographic developments. But are the globes and the Mappae Mundi really two opposing, antipodal points in a wide range of possible means of representation? Do the obviously different approaches to representing the physical earth include a similarly different approach to represent its meaning, as a whole and in detail? Had the religiously charged ‘geography of salvation’ really outlived its usefulness in favor of a modern one pointing to a ‘rational’ future? The paper will propose answers to this in many ways very basic and definitive question on the example of especially the globes by Martin Behaim (1492/93) and Johannes Schöner (1515 and 1520).","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"1141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133397717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Holy Land Geography as Emotional Experience","authors":"Ingrid Baumgärtner, Eva Ferro","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-011","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we evaluate various medieval cartographic and diagrammatic representations of the Holy Land. The analysis focuses particularly on the religious dimensions of these representations and their potential for making pilgrimage accessible, creating religious symbolism and exciting spiritual emotions. The leading hypothesis is that medieval mapmakers introduced special technical features into maps and similar cartographic representations to deepen religious emotions and to stimulate intense sensory responses in the readership of narrative travel accounts.The main focus of the paper is one of the most important late medieval travel accounts on Palestine, namely Burchard of Mount Sion’s ‘Descriptio Terrae Sanctae’. It begins with an outline of the tradition of maps and other diagrammatic representations connected with Burchard’s ‘Descriptio’. We then concentrate on one particular graphical projection, the double-paged Holy Land map in Florence (Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Plut. 76.56, fols. 97v–98r). Finally, our paper contextualizes the Florence map in the late medieval reception of travel reports, exploring how cartographic visualizations could stimulate an emotional response intended to intensify the experience of pilgrimage.","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115001474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Culmination of Islamic Sacred Geography","authors":"D. A. King","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-008","url":null,"abstract":"In Islam, the sacred direction or qibla is toward the sacred Kaaba in Mecca, which edifice is astronomically aligned.Various ritual acts from prayer to burial are to be performed in the sacred direction. Muslim scholars devised two sets of solutions for finding the qibla from any locality. The first involved a sacred geography with the world divided around the Kaaba and the qibla in each sector defined by an astronomical horizon phenomenon. The second involved mathematical geography with the qibla calculated by exact or approximate mathematical procedures, albeit using medieval geographical coordinates. This dichotomy to some extent explains the orientation of medieval Islamic religious architecture. In this paper, the ultimate achievements in each tradition will be presented and compared; a serious investigation of orientations is a task for the future.","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122366904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The T-O Diagram and its Religious Connotations","authors":"Christoph Mauntel","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-003","url":null,"abstract":": With over 1000 surviving examples, the T-O diagram is the most common geographical depiction of the world in the Latin Middle Ages. It depicted the three parts of the known world in a memorable and easily replicable way. The origins of the diagram are still unclear and the subject of debate: Some scholars assert that its origin is antique – that is, rooted in non-Christian traditions – while others argue for its formation in a Christian context. The debate on the origins of the T-O diagram is directly linked to the question of whether or not it can be interpreted as a Christian sign of the world. This paper considers two questions: First, whether or not the T-O diagram was ever originally intended to be a Christian sign, and second – independently from this – since when the diagram was traceably interpreted as a religious image of the world.While a Christian design of the diagram is possible (and in the author ’ s view even probable), it cannot be proven beyond a doubt; however, it is clear that the diagram was understood as a Christian sign by contemporaries from the late eighth and early ninth century onwards.","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115633860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132629954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Religious Knowledge within Changing Cartographical Worldviews","authors":"Stefan Schröder","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127757434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Religious Geography meets the Geography of Humanists","authors":"E. Vagnon","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-010","url":null,"abstract":"In 1321, Marino Sanudo Torsello presented the crusade project entitled ‘Liber \u0000Secretorum Fidelium Crucis’, the ‘Book of Secrets of the Faithful of the Cross’ to Pope \u0000John XXII. Among themaps that accompany the project, the representation of the Holy \u0000Land is one of the best-known medieval maps, both for its content and for its original \u0000construction. \u0000Firstly, with regards to content, this map locates the main places visited by \u0000Christian pilgrims, according to the Old and New Testaments, following the description \u0000of the Holy Land by Burchard of Mount Sion (thirteenth century). Regarding its \u0000shape, the places described in the text are arranged on the map according to a grid \u0000which allows the reader, via a system of coordinates, to find the location of each placename \u0000in a precise cell of the grid. This document served as a model for a large number \u0000of representations of the Holy Land, from the thirteenth to the sixteenth century, in the \u0000context of pilgrimage narratives in which the religious dimension of the places appeared \u0000fully. \u0000The map was also inserted alongside the maps of Ptolemy’s ‘Geography’, first in \u0000the manuscript copies composed by Nicolas Germanus in the second half of the fifteenth \u0000century, and in the printed editions of the book, from the Ulm edition of 1482 \u0000and 1486, later with commentaries of Johannes Reger and Johannes Peregrinus. In \u0000Florence, the Italian author Francesco Berlinghieri included this map in his ‘Septe \u0000giornate della Geographia’, an adaptation of Ptolemy’s work in Italian verse (1482), \u0000and Henricus Martellus inserted it in his ‘Insularium Illustratum’ (c. 1490). The aim of \u0000this paper is to ask to what extent the religious character of the map of the Holy Land \u0000of Marino Sanudo, related to the context of pilgrimages and crusades during the \u0000fourteenth century, was preserved or not when inserted into Ptolemy’s ‘Geography’ or \u0000other humanist geographic works.We will study how the context of reception of this \u0000map in the humanist culture of the Renaissance, in Germany and in Italy, could \u0000change its meaning and interpretation.","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116944852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110686159-fm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110686159-fm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":187465,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116853850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}