Bi-/Multilingualism and the Declining Brain最新文献

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Bilingualism and aging 双语与衰老
Bi-/Multilingualism and the Declining Brain Pub Date : 2018-11-06 DOI: 10.1075/LAB.18032.DEL
N. Maschio, Davide Fedeli, J. Abutalebi
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引用次数: 11
Language reconfiguration in bilinguals 双语者的语言重构
Bi-/Multilingualism and the Declining Brain Pub Date : 2018-09-10 DOI: 10.1075/LAB.18022.CAL
M. Calabria, Jesús Pérez, S. Martínez-Horta, A. Horta-Barba, M. Carceller, J. Kulisevsky, Albert Costa
{"title":"Language reconfiguration in bilinguals","authors":"M. Calabria, Jesús Pérez, S. Martínez-Horta, A. Horta-Barba, M. Carceller, J. Kulisevsky, Albert Costa","doi":"10.1075/LAB.18022.CAL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LAB.18022.CAL","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present study investigated language inhibition and cross-language interference as two possible mechanisms of bilingual language\u0000 control (BLC) that can be affected by Huntington’s disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disease (ND) affecting the striatum. To this\u0000 aim, the study explored the performance of pre-symptomatic and early-stage HD patients in two experimental tasks meant to elicit\u0000 cross-language interference and language inhibition, including a Stroop task and a language switching task. The results revealed\u0000 dissociations between these two mechanisms, indicating that language activation or inhibition is related to HD pathology while\u0000 cross-language interference is not. Switch costs in HD patients were greater than controls in low-demand control conditions of\u0000 language switching (longer preparation time), while Stroop effects were similar between the two groups of participants. This\u0000 result was interpreted as a difficulty in overcoming the excessive inhibition applied to non-target language. The BLC processes\u0000 related to the striatum and subcortical structures are discussed.","PeriodicalId":187438,"journal":{"name":"Bi-/Multilingualism and the Declining Brain","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124623804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Interpreting cognitive decline in the face of cognitive reserve 面对认知储备解释认知衰退
Bi-/Multilingualism and the Declining Brain Pub Date : 2018-08-29 DOI: 10.1075/LAB.18040.BIA
E. Bialystok, John A. E. Anderson, J. Grundy
{"title":"Interpreting cognitive decline in the face of cognitive reserve","authors":"E. Bialystok, John A. E. Anderson, J. Grundy","doi":"10.1075/LAB.18040.BIA","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/LAB.18040.BIA","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Evaluation of the cognitive level of older adults, including decisions about meeting clinical thresholds for dementia, is typically based on behavioral levels of performance. However, individuals with high cognitive reserve will outperform the levels typically associated with their brain structure, providing inaccurate assessments of their status. We define cognitive reserve as the relation between brain integrity and cognitive level, and use the case of bilingualism as a source of cognitive reserve to illustrate how information from only one can distort the interpretation of the individual’s cognitive status.","PeriodicalId":187438,"journal":{"name":"Bi-/Multilingualism and the Declining Brain","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123026539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
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