{"title":"The Mathematical Model of Basin-Type Solar Distillation Systems","authors":"Nguyen The Bao","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.83228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83228","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents a numerical model for calculating basin-type solar water distillation. The model is used to calculate solar distillation for both passive natural convection and forced convection with external condensers. For passive systems, the numerical model allows to simulate and calculate more complex parameters than previous models. For active-forced convection systems, this model allows the simulations of the heat transfer and mass process inside both the distillation unit and the internal heat exchanger. Comparison of numerical simulation results and experimental results shows that the numerical model achieves the acceptable accuracy in calculating the parameters of the fluid flow inside the distillation and the condenser-type heat recovery as well as estimation of the distillate output corresponding to both types of solar distillation.","PeriodicalId":187201,"journal":{"name":"Distillation - Modelling, Simulation and Optimization","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129365015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Azeotrope-Breaking Potential of Binary Mixtures in Phase Equilibria Modeling","authors":"S. Artemenko, V. Mazur","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.83769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.83769","url":null,"abstract":"Global phase diagrams (GPD) of binary mixtures in phase equilibria modeling are analyzed. The mapping of the global equilibrium surface in the parameter space of the equation of state (EoS) model provides the most comprehensive system of criteria for predicting binary mixture phase behavior. One may obtain the relationships for azeotropic boundaries from the global phase diagram [A (azeotrope) and H (hetero-azeotrope)] regions. Analytical expressions to predict azeotrope and double azeotrope phenomena in terms of critical parameters of pure components were derived using global phase diagram. The problem estimations of phase behavior modeling under the uncertainty are formulated applying the Pareto-optimum parameter and different (crisp and fuzzy) convolution schemes. The Pareto-optimum parameters in the Redlich-Kwong equation of state used different conflicting data sets (simultaneous description of the phase equilibria and critical line data in binary mixtures, thermodynamically consistent description of the inhomogeneous data). Ionic liquids (ILs) are one of prospective new working media for different environmentally friendly technologies. Practically undetectable vapor pressure is considered the ILs as ideal solvents replacing conventional solvents in the frame of a \"green chemistry.\" Combination of ionic liquids with conventional natural and synthetic refrigerants promotes the increasing efficiency of absorption processes due to nonvolatile ionic liquids (absorbents).","PeriodicalId":187201,"journal":{"name":"Distillation - Modelling, Simulation and Optimization","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123274256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sosa, Luis Fernández, E. Gómez, E. Macedo, J. Ortega
{"title":"A Practical Fitting Method Involving a Trade-Off Decision in the Parametrization Procedure of a Thermodynamic Model and Its Repercussion on Distillation Processes","authors":"A. Sosa, Luis Fernández, E. Gómez, E. Macedo, J. Ortega","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85743","url":null,"abstract":"The design of processes containing information on phase equilibria must be carried out through a series of steps, experimentation verification modeling simulation. Each of these steps should be rigorously performed to guarantee a good representation of the behavior of the system under study, whose adequate modeling could be used to simulate the corresponding process. To carry out the different previous tasks, two representative systems, extracted from known database, are used. The quality checking of experimental data series is certified through several thermodynamic consistency methods. The modeling is done by applying a multi-objective optimization procedure, which allows to define a solution front (Pareto front) for different sub-models that are established in this work. The fitness of trade-off solutions, obtained from the efficient front, on the design of distillation processes is analyzed through a simulation.","PeriodicalId":187201,"journal":{"name":"Distillation - Modelling, Simulation and Optimization","volume":"61 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125934552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reactive Distillation: Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization","authors":"Vandana Sakhre","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85433","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical process industries deal with production which further utilizes reaction followed by separation of the reaction mixtures. Reactive distillation is a new technique of combination of both reaction and separation in a single unit beneficial for equilibrium-limited reactions and also cost-effective. This makes it a highly complex process because many parameters involved in both reaction and separation are interactive in nature. In this chapter, modeling, simulation, and optimization of reactive distillation are presented. Methyl acetate production via reactive distillation is chosen as a case study. The results are compared for both experimental and simulation studies. The synthesis of methyl acetate was carried out in a packed RDC by catalytic esterification using acetic acid and methanol as reactants in a pilot-scale experimental setup. A strong acidic ion exchange catalyst, Amberlyst-15, was used to enhance the rate of heterogeneous esterification reaction. The result obtained was observed with change in various variables including the reflux ratio (RR), distillate-to-feed (D/F) ratio, and bottom-to-feed (B/F) ratio with respect to product composition. The optimization and sensitivity analysis was carried out using Aspen Plus process simulation software.","PeriodicalId":187201,"journal":{"name":"Distillation - Modelling, Simulation and Optimization","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127412247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Heras-Cervantes, G. M. Chávez-Campos, H. V. Hernández, A. Téllez-Anguiano, J. Anzurez-Marín, E. Espinosa-Juárez
{"title":"Fuzzy Logic Modeling and Observers Applied to Estimate Compositions in Batch Distillation Columns","authors":"M. Heras-Cervantes, G. M. Chávez-Campos, H. V. Hernández, A. Téllez-Anguiano, J. Anzurez-Marín, E. Espinosa-Juárez","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.83479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.83479","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, the analysis and design of a fuzzy observer based on a Takagi-Sugeno model of a batch distillation column are presented. The observer estimates the molar compositions and temperatures of the light component in the distillation column considering a binary mixture. This estimation aims to allow monitoring the physical variables in the process to improve the quality of the distillated product as well as to detect failures that could affect the system performance. The Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model is based on eight linear subsystems determined by three premise variables: the opening percentage of the reflux valve and the liquid molar composition of the light element of the binary mixture in the boiler and in the condenser. The stability analysis and the observer gains are obtained by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The observer is validated by MATLAB® simulations using real data obtained from a distillation column to verify the observer's convergence and analyze its response under system disturbances.","PeriodicalId":187201,"journal":{"name":"Distillation - Modelling, Simulation and Optimization","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129107278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}