PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic)最新文献

Ethnic Composition, Legibility and the Conditional Effect of War on Fiscal Capacity 民族构成、易读性与战争对财政能力的条件效应

PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3684162

Yusuf Magiya

引用次数: 0

War, Socialism and the Rise of Fascism: An Empirical Exploration 战争、社会主义与法西斯主义的兴起:一个实证探索

PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.3386/W27854

Daron Acemoglu, Giuseppe De Feo, G. Luca, G. Russo

{"title":"War, Socialism and the Rise of Fascism: An Empirical Exploration","authors":"Daron Acemoglu, Giuseppe De Feo, G. Luca, G. Russo","doi":"10.3386/W27854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W27854","url":null,"abstract":"The recent ascent of right-wing populist movements in many countries has rekindled interest in understanding the causes of the rise of Fascism in inter-war years. In this paper, we argue that there was a strong link between the surge of support for the Socialist Party after World War I (WWI) and the subsequent emergence of Fascism in Italy. We first develop a source of variation in Socialist support across Italian municipalities in the 1919 election based on war casualties from the area. We show that these casualties are unrelated to a battery of political, economic and social variables before the war and had a major impact on Socialist support (partly because the Socialists were the main anti-war political movement). Our main result is that this boost to Socialist support (that is “exogenous” to the prior political leaning of the municipality) led to greater local Fascist activity as measured by local party branches and Fascist political violence (squadrismo), and to significantly larger vote share of the Fascist Party in the 1924 election. We document that the increase in the vote share of the Fascist Party was not at the expense of the Socialist Party and instead came from right-wing parties, thus supporting our interpretation that center-right and right-wing voters coalesced around the Fascist Party because of the “red scare”. We also show that the veterans did not consistently support the Fascist Party and there is no evidence for greater nationalist sentiment in areas with more casualties. We provide evidence that landowner associations and greater presence of local elites played an important role in the rise of Fascism. Finally, we find greater likelihood of Jewish deportations in 1943-45 and lower vote share for Christian Democrats after World War II in areas with greater early Fascist activity.","PeriodicalId":187160,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132598763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

The Last Step to the Throne, the Conflict between Monarchs and Crown Princes 登上王位的最后一步，君主和王储之间的冲突

PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-02-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3561255

Congyi Zhou

引用次数: 0

A Duty to Serve, a Duty to Provide: A Comparative Analysis of Mental Health Delivery in the Armed Forces of Canada, U.K and U.S. 服务的责任，提供的责任:加拿大、英国和美国军队心理健康服务的比较分析

PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic) Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3198272

K. O'Brien

{"title":"A Duty to Serve, a Duty to Provide: A Comparative Analysis of Mental Health Delivery in the Armed Forces of Canada, U.K and U.S.","authors":"K. O'Brien","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3198272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3198272","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of mental trauma suffered during combat is one that has plagued militaries for as long as wars have been waged. Caring for those who have served their nations should be a top priority for the health sector of any standing army. However, the issues plaguing service personnel, specifically those within armed forces, are a difficult problem for policymakers and military superiors alike. The objective of this study is to analyze mental healthcare administrations in Canada, the U.S. and U.K. within the context of three independent variables: training initiatives, discharge policies and compensation and the role of veterans' organizations in care delivery and advocacy. Through the lens of institutional theory, this thesis will argue that some countries employ more effective tactics than others at mitigating their mental health burden. It will demonstrate that the degree to which institutions are centralized is directly related to the effectiveness with which mental health is addressed. Mental health administration in armed forces is a topic rarely, if at all, analyzed in political science and policy literature. Policymakers have a multitude of medical studies at their disposal, but few studies that suggest manners in which governance and administration can be altered to improve services. This thesis will fill that gap and provide a foundation for future research in the politics of mental healthcare in armed forces.","PeriodicalId":187160,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115709647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Assessment of Coup Activity in the African Union's First Ten Years 非洲联盟头十年政变活动评估

PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic) Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2462586

Jonathan M Powell, Trace C. Lasley

引用次数: 0

Violence and Regime Stability: A Conceptual and Experimental Approach 暴力和政权稳定:一个概念和实验的方法

PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-12-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2822856

Ian S. Lustick

{"title":"Violence and Regime Stability: A Conceptual and Experimental Approach","authors":"Ian S. Lustick","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2822856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2822856","url":null,"abstract":"This paper identifies the absence of a clear concept of violence as an obstacle to research on its causes and consequences. Standard practice in the proliferating literatures on political violence is to use damage measured in casualties as a surrogate. But damage can be produced nonviolently and, depending on how it is theorized, violence, per se, might not result in damage. After analyzing the costs of avoiding the conceptual and definitional problems involved in the study of violence, we present a concept of violence that can be directly and unambiguously operationalized as a sudden and drastic increase in the scale of negative values at stake in an encounter. The paper reports the results of computer assisted agent-based modeling experiments designed to evaluate the consistency, transparency, precision, and heuristic power of thinking about violence in this way. The substantive focus of these experiments is the relationship between violence and the integrity of political regimes within whose ambit it occurs. Results of the experiments are reported and analyzed in terms of intuitions and expectations about the relationship between violence and regime stability. These findings are interpreted as corroboration of the plausibility and promise of the paper’s conceptualization of violence.","PeriodicalId":187160,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Political Institutions & Conflict (Topic)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131413794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0