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PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)最新文献

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Do Tax Deferred Accounts Improve Lifecycle Savings? Experimental Evidence 递延纳税账户能提高生命周期储蓄吗?实验证据
PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3912979
J. Duffy, Yue Li
{"title":"Do Tax Deferred Accounts Improve Lifecycle Savings? Experimental Evidence","authors":"J. Duffy, Yue Li","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3912979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3912979","url":null,"abstract":"Tax deferred accounts (TDAs) are an increasingly popular method of saving for retirement, and have become common across many developed countries. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether TDAs actually improve a household's lifecycle savings behavior and retirement preparedness because it is difficult to perform a counterfactual analysis. Households always have other means of savings so there is no guarantee that a TDA, with its inflexible restriction that funds cannot be drawn until retirement, will be attractive or improve lifecycle savings. In this paper we resort to laboratory experiments to address the question of whether TDAs improve lifecycle savings by comparing experimental treatments where subjects have access to TDAs with treatments where they do not, and we are also careful to consider the tax consequences of our different treatments as well. We find that the presence of TDAs substantially improves a household's lifecycle savings behavior, making them better prepared for retirement.","PeriodicalId":171567,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)","volume":"49 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114021383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Sunsets Are for Suckers: An Experimental Test of Sunset Clauses 日落是为傻瓜:日落条款的实验测试
PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3518487
K. Underhill, I. Ayres
{"title":"Sunsets Are for Suckers: An Experimental Test of Sunset Clauses","authors":"K. Underhill, I. Ayres","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3518487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3518487","url":null,"abstract":"We used a randomized experimental vignette study to assess the effects of sunset clauses and conditional sunset clauses on support for proposed legislation, perceived legitimacy of legislation, and perceived good faith of legislators. In general, we hypothesized that including both types of sunset clause would increase support for legislation, increase perceived legitimacy, and increase perceived good faith. We also varied the political valence of legislation to identify whether the impact of sunset clauses varies depending on whether the legislation aligns with political viewpoint. We hypothesized that sunset clauses may increase support for laws that run contrary to political views. Our sample included 1639 adults from throughout the U.S. Participants tended to be more supportive of neutral laws compared to laws with liberal or conservative valence. Across all participants, we found that adding a sunset clause or a conditional sunset clause did not significantly affect overall support for the law, holding political valence and topic area constant. Our findings, however, showed consistently that the sunsets tended to increase support for conservative laws more than they increased support for laws that were liberal or neutral in valence. Pairwise comparisons showed that when the policy was conservative, a sunset clause and a conditional sunset clause each significantly increased support compared to no sunset. Among Liberal participants, adding either type of sunset significantly increased support for a conservative policy (p<0.05). Among Conservative participants, we found that sunsets did not affect support for liberal policies, but they marginally increased support for laws that were already conservative. Overall, sunset clauses tended to induce a broader range of compromise beliefs and significantly more compromise support for conservative legislation, compared to liberal legislation.","PeriodicalId":171567,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122238120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Material Incentives and Effort Choice: Evidence from an Online Experiment across Countries 物质激励和努力选择:来自多国在线实验的证据
PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.3386/w30372
Elwyn Davies, M. Fafchamps
{"title":"Material Incentives and Effort Choice: Evidence from an Online Experiment across Countries","authors":"Elwyn Davies, M. Fafchamps","doi":"10.3386/w30372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w30372","url":null,"abstract":"We conduct in the an interactive online experiment framed as an employment contract between employer and worker. Subjects from the US and India are matched in pairs within and across countries. Employers make a one-period offer to a worker who can either decline or choose a high or low effort. The offer is made from within a restricted and variable set of possible contracts: high and low fixed wage; bonus and malus contracts; and bonus and malus with reneging. High effort is always efficient. Self-interest predicts a fraction of observed choices, but many choices indicate conditional or unconditional cooperation instead. Indian subjects are more likely to play unconditional cooperation and provide high effort more often. US subjects are more likely to follow self-interest. Indian subjects reach a more efficient outcome than US subjects in 5 of the 6 treatments. Survey data on demographics and attitudes to incentives is unable to predict behavioral differences between the two countries, suggesting the possible existence of cultural differences in the response to labor incentives.","PeriodicalId":171567,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129161029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Impact of School-Based Financial Education on High School Students and Their Teachers: Experimental Evidence from Peru 校本金融教育对高中生和教师的影响:来自秘鲁的实验证据
PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3305510
Verónica Frisancho
{"title":"The Impact of School-Based Financial Education on High School Students and Their Teachers: Experimental Evidence from Peru","authors":"Verónica Frisancho","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3305510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3305510","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from a randomized controlled trial in 300 public high schools in Peru, this paper studies the potential of school-based financial education programs for youth. The intervention improves students’ and teachers’ financial knowledge by 0.14 SD and 0.32 SD, respectively. The impact of the intervention also extends to socioemotional traits and behavior, as sizable positive impacts on self-control and consumption habits among students are identified. Teachers in the treatment group become more impulsive and risk averse, and they are more likely to save (9 percentage points) and to save formally (14 percentage points).","PeriodicalId":171567,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126515669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Truth-Telling by Third-Party Auditors and the Response of Polluting Firms: Experimental Evidence from India 第三方审计机构的真相陈述与污染企业的反应:来自印度的实验证据
PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-07-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2294736
E. Duflo, M. Greenstone, R. Pande, Nicholas Ryan
{"title":"Truth-Telling by Third-Party Auditors and the Response of Polluting Firms: Experimental Evidence from India","authors":"E. Duflo, M. Greenstone, R. Pande, Nicholas Ryan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2294736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2294736","url":null,"abstract":"In many regulated markets, private, third-party auditors are chosen and paid by the firms that they audit, potentially creating a conflict of interest. This paper reports on a two-year field experiment in the Indian state of Gujarat that sought to curb such a conflict by altering the market structure for environmental audits of industrial plants to incentivize accurate reporting. There are three main results. First, the status quo system was largely corrupted, with auditors systematically reporting plant emissions just below the standard, although true emissions were typically higher. Second, the treatment caused auditors to report more truthfully and very significantly lowered the fraction of plants that were falsely reported as compliant with pollution standards. Third, treatment plants, in turn, reduced their pollution emissions. The results suggest reformed incentives for third-party auditors can improve their reporting and make regulation more effective.","PeriodicalId":171567,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125389296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 358
Ratings and Asset Allocation: An Experimental Analysis 评级与资产配置:一个实验分析
PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic) Pub Date : 2013-04-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2259327
R. McDonald, Thomas A. Rietz
{"title":"Ratings and Asset Allocation: An Experimental Analysis","authors":"R. McDonald, Thomas A. Rietz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2259327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2259327","url":null,"abstract":"Financial product ratings are intended to summarize relevant information in a manner that assists in decision-making. Ratings, however, have the potential to be either helpful or harmful. Ratings are often assigned within categories; ratings across categories then may or may not be comparable. We experimentally assess the effect of ratings in a setting where subjects repeatedly make investment decisions, there is minimal computational burden, and at all times subjects have complete information about the characteristics of the investments. Ratings supply no additional information, but categorized ratings affect investment decisions and harm performance. More knowledgable subjects make better decisions, but are also affected by categorized ratings. The effects are largely reversed when ratings no longer appear.","PeriodicalId":171567,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130190105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Are U.S. Exports Different from China's Exports? Evidence from Japan's Imports 美国出口与中国出口不同吗?来自日本进口的证据
PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-04-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1122369
Kozo Kiyota
{"title":"Are U.S. Exports Different from China's Exports? Evidence from Japan's Imports","authors":"Kozo Kiyota","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1122369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1122369","url":null,"abstract":"Are U.S. exports different from China's exports? If so, how? This paper attempts to answer this question, focusing on the quality, variety, and overlap of their products. Using product-level manufacturing import data from Japan, I find that the exports of China and the United States are similar in terms of variety. More than 85 percent of U.S. export products to Japan are commonly exported from China. However, U.S. exports are different from China's exports in terms of quality. A comparison with the European Union (EU) shows that U.S. exports are similar to EU exports in terms of both quality and variety when compared to China's exports. These results suggest that quality matters. Both the EU and the United States are better endowed with the factors needed to produce quality or are relatively more productive in producing quality products than China.","PeriodicalId":171567,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Analysis of Experimental Data (Topic)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116397465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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