Gordon B. Dahl, C. Kreiner, T. Nielsen, Benjamin Ly Serena
{"title":"Understanding the Rise in Life Expectancy Inequality","authors":"Gordon B. Dahl, C. Kreiner, T. Nielsen, Benjamin Ly Serena","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3934758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3934758","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We provide a novel decomposition of changing gaps in life expectancy between rich and poor into differential changes in age-specific mortality rates and differences in “survivability”. Declining age-specific mortality rates increases life expectancy, but the gain is small if the likelihood of living to this age is small (ex-ante survivability) or if the expected remaining lifetime is short (ex-post survivability). Lower survivability of the poor explains half of the recent rise in inequality in the US and the entire rise in Denmark. Declines in cardiovascular mortality benefited rich and poor, but inequality increased because of differences in lifestyle-related survivability.","PeriodicalId":167971,"journal":{"name":"Social Determinants of Public Health eJournal","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127146892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Causal Effects of Place on Health and Longevity","authors":"T. Deryugina, D. Molitor","doi":"10.3386/w29321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w29321","url":null,"abstract":"Life expectancy varies substantially across local regions within a country, raising conjectures that place of residence affects health. However, population sorting and other confounders make it difficult to disentangle the effects of place on health from other geographic differences in life expectancy. Recent studies have overcome such challenges to demonstrate that place of residence substantially influences health and mortality. Whether policies that encourage people to move to places that are better for their health or that improve areas that are detrimental to health are desirable depends on the mechanisms behind place effects, yet these mechanisms remain poorly understood.","PeriodicalId":167971,"journal":{"name":"Social Determinants of Public Health eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132218817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adan Silverio‐Murillo, Lauren Hoehn‐Velasco, J. R. Balmori de la Miyar, Judith Senyacen Méndez Méndez
{"title":"The COVID-19 Pandemic and Non-COVID-19 Healthcare Utilization in Mexico","authors":"Adan Silverio‐Murillo, Lauren Hoehn‐Velasco, J. R. Balmori de la Miyar, Judith Senyacen Méndez Méndez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3880192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3880192","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-COVID-19 healthcare utilization in Mexico, including oral health, mental health, communicable diseases, health check-up, chronic degenerative diseases, postpartum care, prenatal care, and family planning.Methods: We use administrative data from Mexico’s Ministry of Health from 2018 to 2020. This data covers 14,299 consultation units and 775 hospitals from the 32 Mexican States, all of which are public institutions. We employ a difference-indifferences strategy and an event study to understand the dynamics of the effects throughout the pandemia.Results: We observe a decrease in all healthcare services: oral health (98%), mental health (62%), communicable diseases (53%), health check-up (45%), chronic degenerative diseases (42%), postpartum care (39%), prenatal care (34%), and family planning (17%). Further, the event study indicates that health-check-up and family-planning visits follow a U-shaped trend, where these visits drop at the beginning of the pandemic and returning to pre-pandemic levels towards the end of our panel period. Visits for oral health, mental health, chronic degenerative diseases, prenatal care, and postpartum care also follow a U-shaped trend, although these do not return to pre-pandemic levels during our period of analysis.Conclusions: The 2020 pandemic had detrimental effects on non-COVID-19 healthcare utilization. These interruptions in healthcare will likely have short and longterm impacts on morbidity and mortality. Programs intended to remediate these negative consequences may be of interest to policymakers.","PeriodicalId":167971,"journal":{"name":"Social Determinants of Public Health eJournal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123006219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}