Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications最新文献

{"title":"Harmful Impacts of Heavy Metals and Utility of Biosorption Technique for Their Removal from Wastewater: A Review","authors":"A. Negi, Arpita Negi, Rajesha Kumar, B. Kumar, S. Joshi, N. Bhandari","doi":"10.15415/jce.2021.81001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15415/jce.2021.81001","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing number of efluents discharged from the source of water (urban, industrial, agricultural etc.), is resulting in a higher concentration of heavy metals in the source. Heavy metals have a density of over 5g/cm3 to the metals. These are toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and resistant in watery and non-aquatic environments and impact water and non-water bodies seriously by substituting the basic metals of the same function. The extraction from the wastewater can be done in numerous techniques for example using an ion replacement, membrane filtration, osmosis, etc. This study discusses the adverse effects of heavy metals on the human body, the benefits of biosorption over traditional approaches for removal of heavy metals, the different biosorbents used to extract heavy metals and concerning issues regarding its commercial use, offering a wider viewpoint for the diversity of biosorbents and utilization of biosorption technique. It is evident from the profound literature survey that pH, biosorbent particle size, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, presence of chelating ligands etc. are some factors that affect the rate and extent of biosorption. ","PeriodicalId":166875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114262167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change and Bio-Diversity","authors":"S. Ara, Maisnam Sandhyarani Devi","doi":"10.15415/jce.2021.72005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15415/jce.2021.72005","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has become a common phenomenon now a days. Both natural as well as the human factors are responsible for it, but the changes have been accelerated by mainly human activities on large extent. Due to climate change the life of bio-diversity are underthreat. Many species have already extinct and many are on the brim of extinction. Due to loss of habitat and food of the animals they are force to migrate different places which may be not suitable for them. Here in this paper an attempt has made to identify the factors responsible for climate change and how far this climate change has affected the life of the plants and animals.  The research is purely based on the secondary source of data collect through the internet.","PeriodicalId":166875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115568746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Investigation and Antimicrobial Activity of Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Methanol Fractions from Stem Bark of Icacina Trichantha Oliv. (Icacinaceae)","authors":"O. Onah, Kachi Jolly Babangida","doi":"10.15415/jce.2020.71002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15415/jce.2020.71002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Micro-organisms are responsible for the transmission of a large number of diseases. It is hard to comprehend the amount of diseases, deaths and economic losses caused by micro-organisms alone. Plants are good sources of eco-friendly and readily available antimicrobial agents. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical constituents and antimicrobial characteristics of three fractions from ethnomedicinal Icacina trichantha. Oliv. (Icacinaceae).Methods: Methanol extract from Icacina trichantha. Oliv was obtained by maceration and fractionated successively using hexane, and ethyl acetate. The antimicrobial properties of Icacina trichantha. Oliv was assessed using agar cup diffusion method on MRSA, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, C. krusei, S. dysenteriae, S. pyrogenes, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis. Phytochemical screening on fractions was also evaluated using standard methods.Results: Phytochemical screening on fractions revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, and glycosides. Agar diffusion assay on fractions showed growth inhibitory effect on all the organisms except P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, and C. tropicalis. The MIC revealed that n-hexane fraction was active against MRSA, S. pyrogenes, E. coli, K. pneumonia, C. albicans and C. krusei at 10 mg/mL while S. dysenteriae was active at 5 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction was active against all the organisms at a concentration of 5 mg/mL except P.aeruginosa, S.typhi and C.tropicalis. Methanol fraction showed activity of 5 mg/mL against MRSA, S. pyrogenes, E. coli, S. dysenteriae, C. albicans and C. krusei except for K. pneumoniae with activity at 10 mg/mL. Minimum bactericidal concentration/fungicidal concentration MBC/MFC evaluated on the n-hexane fraction revealed that MRSA, S. pyrogenes, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. dysenteriae, C. albicans, and C. krusei were activeat 20 mg/mL, while the ethyl acetate fraction had MBC/MFC of 10 mg/mL against all the organisms except P. aeruginosa, S. typhi, C. tropicalis. Methanol extract had MBC/MFC of 10 mg/mL against MSRA, E.coli and S. dysenteriae whereas S. pyrogenes, K. pneumoniae, C. albicans and C. krusei had MBC/MFC at 20 mg/mL.Conclusion: Icacina trichantha. Oliv. contain constituents with concentration dependent antimicrobial properties based on type of organism. The plant could be useful in the prevention and treatment of multi-resistant disease causing microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":166875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122416998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prototype of a Biogas Anaerobic Digester from the Hostel Mess Kitchen Wastes","authors":"Shivam R. Modi, P. Mahajan","doi":"10.15415/jce.2019.52004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15415/jce.2019.52004","url":null,"abstract":"Biogas is a non-exhaustible of energy which can be formed from anaerobic fermentation of different types of biodegradable waste such as food waste, plant waste, animal waste sewage and other organic waste. The typical composition of Biogas includes CH4 (50–70%) which is responsible for maximum energy content along with CO2 (25–50%) that can be collected, stored and supplied. Biogas acts as a multipurpose and an eco- friendly sustainable resource of energy which can be utilized for cooking, electricity generation, lightning, heating etc. Biodegradable waste specifically produced in large amounts as a kitchen waste. In modern society, the solid waste per capita has been consistently increasing as of increase in population and change in socio-economic-cultural habits. The biogas production through the kitchen waste thereof provides a solution of disposal of solid waste. The bio gas production through anaerobic degradation pathways can be controlled and enhanced with the help of certain microorganisms and advancements of new technologies. In this research work, an attempt is being made to produce the biogas from kitchen and food waste collected from hostel mess of Chitkara University, Punjab and a novel method of production of microorganism has been also proposed for fast degradation of waste. Under this project, a survey for the estimation of daily production of organic waste from hostel mess has also been done for fifteen day.","PeriodicalId":166875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121397215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Biochar as Cost Effective Adsorbent in Removal of Heavy Metals Ions From Aqueous Phase: A Mini Review","authors":"Lata Rani, J. Kaushal, A. Srivastav","doi":"10.15415/jce.2019.52003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15415/jce.2019.52003","url":null,"abstract":"Due to industrialization and increasing population, wastewater treatment has become a big challenge. There are numerous techniques such as ion-exchange, adsorption, membrane filtration, coagulation, flocculation, floating and electrochemical approach developed for the remediation of contaminants from wastewater. But, now it is necessary to develop an approach which should has high efficiency, less expensive and environmental friendly, so that limitation of existing techniques can be overcome. Recent developments of biochar have attracted the researchers into this area. Different methods are discovered to synthesized biochar for the removal of pollutants from wastewater. In this review, biochar are elaborated and critically discussed which have reported for the removal of metallic pollutants present in waste water.","PeriodicalId":166875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133098594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Copper Substitution, Calcination Temperature, and Photo-sensitizers on Photocatalytic Activity of Cu0.05 Zn0.95O","authors":"Suyog A. Soni, Vikram R. Jadhav, Tushar A. Kere","doi":"10.15415/jce.2018.51001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15415/jce.2018.51001","url":null,"abstract":"A successful series of CuxZn1-xO (variable x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) were characterized by thermogravimetric (TG-DTA), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of prepared samples was accurately assessed by the photocatalytic decomposition of LASER dye in an aqueous solution under irradiation of solar light and was compared favourably to non-dope commercially available ZnO photo-catalyst. The effect of various parameters like the amount of a catalyst, the calcination temperature on photocatalytic activity is also studied. The direct effect of various photosensitizing salts like NaCl, Na2CO3, and Na2S2O3 on photocatalytic activity of ZnO and Cu0.05Zn0.95O was carefully studied.","PeriodicalId":166875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chemistry, Environmental Sciences and its Applications","volume":"910 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123274738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}