When the Shore becomes the Sea最新文献

General introduction 总体介绍

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.7591/9781501721571-002

Brian E. Freeman

{"title":"General introduction","authors":"Brian E. Freeman","doi":"10.7591/9781501721571-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501721571-002","url":null,"abstract":"Brain oscillations and cognitive behavior Complex behavior and cognition in humans and animals require timed activity of networks of neurons in different brain areas. Groups of neurons that are involved in a task, fire synchronously and repeatedly. Depending on the behavior, synchronization of activity of these neurons occurs at particular rhythms. These rhythms are reflected in brain oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). How these rhythms are generated and how rhythmic activity is involved in complex behavior are central questions in neuroscience research, which are still largely unanswered. The research in this thesis is aimed at understanding how synchronized and rhythmic activity is generated in neuronal networks. Neuronal oscillations have been observed over a wide range of frequencies from 0.05 to 500 Hz (Buzsaki and Draguhn, 2004). They are categorized in frequency bands that are present in the EEG depending on the behavioral state (Figure 1.1). Alpha waves (8-13 Hz) occur more prominently during relaxed wake states, while theta (4-8 Hz) and delta (0.5-4 Hz) band activity occurs especially during different states of sleep (Kandel et al., 2000). Faster oscillations in the beta (13-30) and gamma (30-80 Hz) range are more prominent during active behavior. Rhythms such as alpha, theta and gamma often occur simultaneously and interact with each other (Bragin et al., 1995, Csicsvari et al., 2003, Jensen and Colgin, 2007). Gamma oscillations are observed during active states and are thought to be involved in short-term memory and attention. Gamma oscillations are for example present in humans during working memory tasks (Tallon-Baudry et al., 1998). In several brain disorders there are abnormalities in gamma activity, such as ADHD, schizophrenia, autism, Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy (Herrmann and Demiralp, 2005). Furthermore between healthy individuals there are large variations in oscillations properties as well as in cognitive performance (Vogel, 1981). Thus, it is becoming clear that there are correlations between the occurrence of neuronal network oscillations and cognitive behavior, however to understand their exact relation, one needs to consider three (non-exclusive) aspects of brain oscillations. Functions of neuronal oscillations First, brain oscillations in the gamma range may play a role in the temporal binding of information (Gray et al., 1989, Engel et al., 1999, Engel et al., 2001). This theory predicts that neurons that respond to the same sensory object might fire in temporal synchrony with a precision in the millisecond range. In this way information can be stored, processed and","PeriodicalId":161769,"journal":{"name":"When the Shore becomes the Sea","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122628305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

List of publications 刊物一览表

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.12

J. Julka

{"title":"List of publications","authors":"J. Julka","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.12","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to study the phenotype and genotype differentiation and to compare the amount of differences in phenotype based on morphometric character indices and meristic counts with the amount of differences in genotype based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting between two stocks of golden mahseer, Tor putitora (Hamilton) population. The results showed that there were no significant differences in most of the morphometric character indices and the meristic counts between the reservoir and the natural stocks of golden mahseer. In addition, Genotype analysis based on RAPD fingerprint showed low genetic dissimilarity (0.211) between the reservoir and the natural stocks. These results confirmed that the amount of similarity in genotype reflected the same amount of similarity in phenotype between the two different stocks. Therefore, based on these results it was concluded that both the stocks from two different river systems follow the similar migratory route during their migration period and shared the similar parental gene pool. Furthermore, we could conclude that for conservation of this endangered sport and food fish of the country, it would be cultured at various reservoirs and lakes for restocking in the natural environment of Himachal Pradesh.","PeriodicalId":161769,"journal":{"name":"When the Shore becomes the Sea","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121928772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dankwoord

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.14

Yftinus

引用次数: 0

Where are the shipwrecks of the Zuyder Zee? 祖德海的沉船在哪里?

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.7

Y. V. van Popta

引用次数: 0

Maritime Culture in the Netherlands 荷兰的海洋文化

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.5

Y. V. van Popta, C. Westerdahl

引用次数: 0

Nederlandse samenvatting 荷兰摘要

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.13

Clusters van Sterrenstelsels

引用次数: 0

Epilogue 后记

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.10

引用次数: 0

Discussion and synthesis 讨论与综合

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2604-8_15

G. Abrahamsen, A. Stuanes, B. Tveite

引用次数: 20

Reconstructing medieval eroded landscapes of the Northeastern Zuyder Zee (The Netherlands) 重建中古时期苏德海东北部被侵蚀的地貌(荷兰)

When the Shore becomes the Sea Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1gm00n5.4

Y. V. van Popta, K. Cohen, T. Spek

引用次数: 0