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Government Spending and Local Demographics: Evidence from Moody's Municipal Ratings Recalibration 政府支出和地方人口统计:来自穆迪市政评级重新校准的证据
GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-08-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3437023
Jess Cornaggia, M. Gustafson, Ryan D. Israelsen, Zihan Ye
{"title":"Government Spending and Local Demographics: Evidence from Moody's Municipal Ratings Recalibration","authors":"Jess Cornaggia, M. Gustafson, Ryan D. Israelsen, Zihan Ye","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3437023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3437023","url":null,"abstract":"We examine how Moody’s ratings scale recalibration in 2010, which has been linked to higher county-level government spending and income, affects income and population distributions. We find that the recalibration decreases median and average per capita income and increases income inequality and the poverty rate. These effects are driven by population flows. After the recalibration, there is an increase in population, a decrease in average income of population inflows, and an increase in the average income of population outflows. Collectively, our findings suggest that local government spending affects the income distribution through changes in local population composition and income flows due to migration.","PeriodicalId":159143,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125825868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Southern (American) Hospitality: Italians in Argentina and the Us During the Age of Mass Migration 南方(美国)好客:大规模移民时代在阿根廷和美国的意大利人
GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.3386/W26127
Santiago Pérez
{"title":"Southern (American) Hospitality: Italians in Argentina and the Us During the Age of Mass Migration","authors":"Santiago Pérez","doi":"10.3386/W26127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W26127","url":null,"abstract":"I study the selection and economic outcomes of Italians in Argentina and the US, the two largest destinations during the age of mass migration. Prior cross-sectional work finds that Italians had faster assimilation in Argentina, but it is inconclusive on whether this was due to differences in selection or host-country conditions. I assemble data following Italians from passenger lists to censuses, enabling me to compare migrants with similar pre-migration characteristics. Italians had better economic outcomes in Argentina, and this advantage was unlikely to be due to selection. Migration path dependence can rationalize these differences in an era of open borders.","PeriodicalId":159143,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115044855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Fertility Response to Climate Shocks 应对气候冲击的生育率
GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3344637
Sylvain Dessy, Francesca Marchetta, Roland Pongou, L. Tiberti
{"title":"Fertility Response to Climate Shocks","authors":"Sylvain Dessy, Francesca Marchetta, Roland Pongou, L. Tiberti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3344637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3344637","url":null,"abstract":"In communities highly dependent on rainfed agriculture for their livelihoods, the common oc- currence of climatic shocks such as droughts can lower the opportunity cost of having children, and raise fertility. Using longitudinal household data from Madagascar, we estimate the causal effect of drought occurrences on fertility, and explore the nature of potential mechanisms driving this effect. We exploit exogenous within-district year-to-year variation in rainfall deficits, and find that droughts occurring during the agricultural season significantly increase the number of children born to women living in agrarian communities. This effect is long lasting, as it is not reversed within four years fol- lowing the drought occurrence. Analyzing the mechanism, we find that droughts have no effect on common underlying factors of high fertility such as marriage timing and child mortality. Further- more, droughts have no significant effect on fertility if they occur during the non-agricultural season or in non-agrarian communities, and their positive effect in agrarian communities is mitigated by irrigation. These findings provide evidence that a low marginal price of having children is the main channel driving the fertility effect of drought in agrarian communities.","PeriodicalId":159143,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124700016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Characteristic Behavioural Traits of Generation-Z a Study in Rural Demography Set Up of India, Sonbhadra, U.P. z世代的行为特征——印度农村人口结构的研究，宋巴德拉，北方邦
GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.34218/jom.6.1.2019.006
D. Verma, R. Bhardwaj, R. Sachan
{"title":"The Characteristic Behavioural Traits of Generation-Z a Study in Rural Demography Set Up of India, Sonbhadra, U.P.","authors":"D. Verma, R. Bhardwaj, R. Sachan","doi":"10.34218/jom.6.1.2019.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34218/jom.6.1.2019.006","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the behavioural traits of young cohort in Indian scenario is an important area to delve in. It is accepted fact that Gen-Z is digitally smart, self motivated, more realistic and critical thinkers. Acceptance of new thoughts and understanding of new behavioural patterns is often difficult for the elders associated with them. The current study deals with the results of the research conducted through a questionnaire specially designed for the purpose. It highlights the salient points emerged out of study conducted on students from class IX to XII of strategically selected six schools in Sonbhadra District of Uttar Pradesh. Statistical calculations have also been made to find out the correlation coefficient between different traits to establish a relationship between distinct behaviour traits exhibited by the digital generation. Efforts have been put to find similarities or differences in the behavioural traits of Gen-Z based at rural or urban areas but exposed to at least basic modern age technologies. The results might be useful in future course of actions wherein the information may be taken as one of the input.","PeriodicalId":159143,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123623788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cities, Slums, and Child Nutrition in Bangladesh 孟加拉国的城市、贫民窟和儿童营养
GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic) Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1111/rode.12564
D. Raju, Kyoung Yang Kim, Quynh Nguyen, R. Govindaraj
{"title":"Cities, Slums, and Child Nutrition in Bangladesh","authors":"D. Raju, Kyoung Yang Kim, Quynh Nguyen, R. Govindaraj","doi":"10.1111/rode.12564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12564","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses novel household survey data that are representative of Bangladesh's large cities, and of slum and nonslum areas within the cities, to investigate the effects of demographic and socioeconomic factors on child nutrition status in 2013. The study also decomposes the difference in mean child nutrition status between slum and nonslum areas in 2013, and the increase in mean child nutrition status in slum and nonslum areas from 2006 to 2013. Mother's education attainment and household wealth largely explain the cross-sectional difference-and intertemporal change in mean child nutrition status. Although positive in some cases, the effects of maternal and child health services, and potential health-protective household amenities, on child nutrition status differ by the type of health facility, household amenity, and urban area (slum or nonslum). Focusing on nutrition-sensitive programs for slum residents and the urban poor is consistent with the results.","PeriodicalId":159143,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic)","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128350258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Géopolitique et démographie (Political Geography and Demography) 政治地理与人口统计学
GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic) Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2361047
G. Dumont
{"title":"Géopolitique et démographie (Political Geography and Demography)","authors":"G. Dumont","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2361047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2361047","url":null,"abstract":"Ce texte explique pourquoi les gouvernements comme les entreprises ne peuvent se permettre de meconnaitre les evolutions demographiques. En effet, il existe des interactions permanentes entre les populations en constante evolution et les configurations geopolitiques. D’ou la necessite d’embrasser les problematiques dans leur globalite, en faisant se croiser les savoirs.This text explains why governments and businesses can not afford to ignore the demographic trends. Indeed, there is constant interaction between the evolving population and geopolitical configurations. Hence the need to embrace the issues in their entirety, by crossing knowledge.","PeriodicalId":159143,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114870454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Le peuplement de l’Europe: une logique centre-périphérie (The Populating of Europe: A Center-Periphery Logic) 《欧洲人口:中心-边缘逻辑》
GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic) Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.3917/POPAV.700.0003
G. Dumont
{"title":"Le peuplement de l’Europe: une logique centre-périphérie (The Populating of Europe: A Center-Periphery Logic)","authors":"G. Dumont","doi":"10.3917/POPAV.700.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/POPAV.700.0003","url":null,"abstract":"French Abstract: Compte tenu des differences de densite de population en Europe, le peuplement de ce continent respecte, grosso modo, une logique centre-peripherie, avec au centre, une dorsale europeenne dense, puis une peripherie limitrophe moins dense et, ensuite, une densite encore plus faible au dela de cette peripherie limitrophe.English Abstract: Given the differences in population density in Europe, the population of the continent meets roughly a logical center-periphery with the center, a dense European backbone, and a less dense periphery boundary and then, a density more low beyond this boundary edge.","PeriodicalId":159143,"journal":{"name":"GeographyRN: Population Geography (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124497845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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