Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals最新文献

Review and Assessment of Organic and Inorganic Rare Earth Element Complexation in Soil, Surface Water, and Groundwater 土壤、地表水和地下水中有机和无机稀土元素络合作用的综述与评价

Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals Pub Date : 2020-06-17 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.87033

M. Aide

引用次数: 3

Gd2O3: A Luminescent Material Gd2O3:发光材料

Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.92310

R. Tamrakar, Kanchan Upadhyay

引用次数: 1

Current Clinical Issues: Deposition of Gadolinium Chelates 当前的临床问题:钆螯合物沉积

Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91260

T. Nakajima, O. Lamid-Ochir

引用次数: 2

Application of the Gadolinium Isotopes Nuclei Neutron-Induced Excitation Process 钆同位素核中子诱导激发过程的应用

Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals Pub Date : 2019-11-27 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85596

I. Shamanin, M. Kazaryan

{"title":"Application of the Gadolinium Isotopes Nuclei Neutron-Induced Excitation Process","authors":"I. Shamanin, M. Kazaryan","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.85596","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of transformation of energy of fast and epithermal neutrons to energy of coherent photon radiation at the expense of a neutron pumping of the active medium formed by nucleus with long-living isomerous states is theoretically described. The channel of the nucleus formation in isomeric state as a daughter nucleus resulting from the nuclear reaction of neutron capture by a lighter nucleus is taken into consid-eration for the first time. The analysis of cross sections ’ dependence of radiative neutron capture by the nuclei of gadolinium isotopes Gd 155 and Gd 156 is performed. As a result, it is stated that the speed of Gd 156 nuclei formation exceeds the speed of their “ burnup ” in the neutron flux. It is provided by a unique combination of absorbing properties of two isotopes of gadolinium Gd 155 and Gd 156 in both thermal and resonance regions of neutron energy. Conditions required for making isotope nuclei excited by forward neutron scattering on nuclei and for storing nuclei in excited states are formulated. The possibility of excess energy accumulation in the participating medium created by the nuclei of the pair of gadolinium isotopes Gd 155 and Gd 156 due to formation and storage of nuclei in isomeric state at radiative neutron capture by the nuclei of the stable isotope with a smaller mass is shown. It is concluded that when the active medium created by gadolinium nuclei is pumped by neutrons with the flux density of the order of 10 13 cm (cid:1) 2 s (cid:1) 1 , the condition of levels population inversion can be achieved in a few tens of seconds. The wave length of the radiation generated by the medium is 0.0006 nm.","PeriodicalId":153364,"journal":{"name":"Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116972182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Allanite from Granitic Rocks of the Moldanubian Batholith (Central European Variscan Belt) Moldanubian基(中欧Variscan带)花岗质岩石中的Allanite

Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals Pub Date : 2019-05-17 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86356

M. René

{"title":"Allanite from Granitic Rocks of the Moldanubian Batholith (Central European Variscan Belt)","authors":"M. René","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86356","url":null,"abstract":"Allanite occurs as a relative rare REE mineral in selected granitic rocks of the Moldanubian batholith. This batholith represents one of the largest plutonic bodies in the European Variscan belt. Allanite was found in the Schlieren biotite granites and diorites 1 of the oldest Weinsberg suite, in biotite granodiorites of the youngest Freistadt suite and in dykes of microgranodiorites occurred in the eastern margin of the Klenov pluton. A majority of analyzed allanites are without any magmatic zoning, only allanite grains from the diorites 1 display complicated internal zoning with variable concentrations of Fe, Ca, Th, and REE. Analyzed allanites from the Schlieren granite, diorite 1, and the “margin” variety of the Freistadt granodiorite display ferriallanite-allanite substitution with low Fe ox = (Fe 3+ /(Fe 3+ + Fe 2+ )) ratio (0.2–0.5). The analyzed allanites occurring in the microgranodiorites display slightly greater Fe ox = (Fe 3+ /(Fe 3 + Fe 2+ )) ratios (0.45–0.6) and enrichment in Al (up to 2.2 apfu). All analyzed allanites are Mn-poor with its concentrations from 0.01 to 0.04 apfu. The Ce is a predominant rare earth element in all analyzed allanite grains; they are thus identified as allanite-(Ce). The highest concentrations of Ce were found in allanites from diorite 1 (0.31–0.41 apfu).","PeriodicalId":153364,"journal":{"name":"Rare Earth Elements and Their Minerals","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129380433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0