{"title":"Where Was the “FEMA Guy” . . . in Washington, in New Orleans, Retired . . . ?","authors":"W. Waugh","doi":"10.1177/0095399709345456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399709345456","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Birdsall’s account of his experience during the Katrina disaster is compelling and telling. The disaster had tremendous human costs and has encouraged a reevaluation of the nation’s approach to catastrophic disasters. Congress responded by passing the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act to help restore the federal government’s capabilities to deal with such events. However, important provisions of the Post-Katrina Reform Act were ignored by the Bush Administration. Critical functions were not restored. Even finding a professional emergency manager willing to accept the position of FEMA administrator was difficult given the poor support given the agency prior to Katrina and the lack of assurance that that situation would improve substantially in the aftermath. The agency is still being rebuilt. Where was the “FEMA guy”? The agency was understaffed, underfunded, and under the direction of officials who knew little about emergency management. Morale was low. Many experienced FEMA employees had already fled the agency (Waugh, 2007b, 2008). The “FEMA guy,” as Dr. Birdsall found out, was likely to be a volunteer firefighter. He or she might also have been a contractor from a large consulting firm hired to fill in. Interestingly, FEMA employees who had historically been permitted to volunteer for disaster operations when their regular duties were not deemed essential to the effort were not given clearance to deploy. FEMA issued calls for trained emergency responders and even Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) members. Temporary disaster assistance employees were activated as well. The lack of attention to natural hazards by Department of Homeland Security officials also had a negative impact on state and local emergency management agencies in terms of reduced funding for capacity building to deal with natural and technological disasters","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"s3-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130083267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Giving and Getting","authors":"Chao-yang Guo, Laura R. Peck","doi":"10.1177/0095399709341038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399709341038","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses the extent to which welfare recipients engage in giving money and time to charitable causes. Using the 2003 Center on Philanthropy Panel Study data, this study examines the effects of public assistance—holding constant earned income and demographic traits—on two major types of charitable activities: charitable giving and volunteering. Using a Tobit specification, as appropriate for this type of data, the authors use a creative differencing strategy in an attempt to overcome sticky issues of selection bias. Evidence is found that public assistance receipt tends to suppress monetary donations but may increase volunteer time.","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129927469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Government in Managing Intercultural Relations","authors":"Dragan M. Staniševski, H. Miller","doi":"10.1177/0095399709339012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399709339012","url":null,"abstract":"When intercultural tensions flare up, governments typically must engage the conflict one way or another. This article questions the possible role of government in transforming these difficult social–cultural–political conflicts into democratic moments. Three theoretical approaches to democracy compete for status in the realm of multicultural politics: majoritarian, consociational, and deliberative democracy. The multicultural features of these three theoretical models are compared in the context of one divided society, Macedonia, a place where the government has been assigned a new role: to implement a policy regarding multicultural inclusion. Since the so‐called Framework Agreement of 2001 has been in effect, interethnic conflict in Macedonia has not been the overheated political problem it was at the inception of the Agreement, even though cultural groups remain divided, anxieties continue, and policy processes are mostly top–down.","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115319959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Looking for the FEMA Guy","authors":"Ian Birdsall","doi":"10.1177/0095399709341399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399709341399","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122025412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preventing State Crimes Against Democracy","authors":"Lance deHaven-Smith, M. Witt","doi":"10.1177/0095399709339014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399709339014","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes U.S. vulnerabilities to state crimes against democracy (SCADs). SCADs are actions or inactions by government insiders intended to manipulate democratic processes and undermine popular sovereignty. Watergate and Iran–Contra are well‐known examples of SCADs involving top officials. SCADs in high office are difficult to detect and successfully prosecute because they are usually complex and compartmentalized; investigations are often compromised by conflicts of interests; and powerful norms discourage speculation about corruption in high office. However, liberal democracies can reduce their vulnerability to state political criminality by identifying vulnerabilities proactively and instituting policies for SCAD detection and prevention.","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122158827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"King Coal vs. Reclamation","authors":"C. Davis, R. Duffy","doi":"10.1177/0095399709341029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399709341029","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on the regulatory politics of mountaintop removal mining for coal within the Appalachian states of West Virginia and Kentucky. Based on Administrative Presidency concepts suggesting that chief executives seek more control and influence over agency program decisions, this article analyzes President George W. Bush’s efforts to promote the development of coal resources within these states despite statutory constraints posed by federal environmental laws. The analysis demonstrates that President Bush effectively achieved his energy production goals by combining the use of discretionary authority with staff controls, executive orders, and regulatory initiatives to lessen industry compliance costs with environmental regulatory requirements.","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114955321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inside the Black Box","authors":"William F. West","doi":"10.1177/0095399709339013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399709339013","url":null,"abstract":"The need to develop specific proposals as a basis for formal participation ensures the most important policy decisions in rulemaking are often made before notice‐and‐comment requirements come to bear. Although informal stakeholder participation in the development of proposed rules is common, it tends to be unstructured and idiosyncratic and to lack the assurances of openness that characterize the comment phase of the process. These observations have important implications for our understanding of the effects and the limitations of procedural constraints on bureaucratic policy making.","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122853921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comment","authors":"B. Cigler","doi":"10.1017/S0022050700096479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700096479","url":null,"abstract":"Lance Davis organized this session and so it is appropriate for me to begin with comments on the paper of John Haeger, which has to do with a most Davis-like topic, the flow of finance from east to west arising out of a financial innovation. There are a couple of Davis touches that are missing, however. Presumably the flow responded to regional interest rate differentials and one would like to know more about them, in a systematic way. The innovators were up to moving funds interregionally, but not up to investing in unconventional lines, behavior attributed by Haeger to their fear of \"speculation.\" But as Davis has shown, the term \"speculation\" can mean many things. Were the innovators fearful of manufacturing, per se, or just manufacturing in upper New York State and Ohio? What exactly did they mean by \"speculative\"? Haeger points out that the innovation was an important one. But in what sense? The New York Life had under $7 million loaned in 1837, which compares with a U.S. capital stock of perhaps $4 or $5 billion, by which standard the trust company was minuscule. But compared with other firms of the day and with the financial demands of upper New York State, it must have been enormous. Did it also open the way for a proliferation of such firms? Finally, I wish Haeger had not adopted the conventions of his subjects in the handling of the \"capital\" of the two firms he has studied. Capital is best viewed as the stake of ownership, a residual account. The relationship of capital to deposits is best treated in terms of leverage. Incidentally, why is there no mention of the resources provided by premiums? Despite these modest complaints, I found Haeger's paper most interesting and helpful. Allan Kulikoff has added yet another to that marvelous set of papers on colonial Maryland, to which Carr, Menard, and Walsh have also contributed. This one is not as clear as some of the others, but I think the main thesis is that economic growth in colonial Maryland was rapid for a time, then sharply slowed down for an extended period, after which it speeded up again. The two periods of rapid growth were based on the adoption by Maryland planters of an export crop: tobacco, in the first period, grains, in the third. The period of slow growth was due to problems in the tobacco market, which Kulikoff attempts to explain. The broad pattern Kulikoff describes and his account of the main forces at work are plausible and very helpful. The data on tobacco exports in Historical Statistics, showing, as they do, no trend from late in the seventeenth century onward, had always intrigued me, especially in view of the fact that this is the period of major slave importations. What was going on here? Were slaves replacing Englishmen in tobacco, the latter moving into subsistence farming or grain production a la Klingaman? I think Kulikoff is telling us that this explanation is correct, while adding a good deal more about the effects of the transitions on economic growth in M","PeriodicalId":153353,"journal":{"name":"Administration and Society","volume":"314 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132695519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}