The Women's FightPub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0002
T. Glymph
{"title":"Home and War","authors":"T. Glymph","doi":"10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the flight of the South’s low-country slaveholding women and their subsequent lives as refugees. The making of a proslavery nation required keeping the white “home” intact, but Southern, white women were asked to shoulder responsibilities and losses for which they were ill prepared. Southern homes crumbled under the weight of battlefield losses, food shortages, growing dissatisfaction, and slave resistance. These burdens created a white, female refugee problem that, while numerically small, was not new to American warfare. The resulting disintegration of the material and ideological foundations of the plantation household profoundly changed the dynamics of Black and white lives in the South, gender dynamics across race and class, and the meaning of the home.","PeriodicalId":152403,"journal":{"name":"The Women's Fight","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114151018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Women's FightPub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0004
T. Glymph
{"title":"Enslaved Women","authors":"T. Glymph","doi":"10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Black women fought for their freedom and the Union by supporting Black men in the Union Army, laboring for the Federal Government and Union Army, and transforming plantations into sites of resistance. The Civil War slowly enlarged the space for the slaves’ war and transformed the terms of the bargains they had been called to make. Enslaved women’s actions transformed the meaning of “women in the Civil War” from one which primarily referred to white women to one that included Black women as well. Their actions also transformed the gender and racial dynamics of the war.","PeriodicalId":152403,"journal":{"name":"The Women's Fight","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121271543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Women's FightPub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0003
T. Glymph
{"title":"Poor White Women in the Confederacy","authors":"T. Glymph","doi":"10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Poor white women and children hawking goods and traveling the roads in carts was not a new sight during the Civil War, but it did take on a different resonance in this context. How poor white women fit or were to be incorporated into a war for slavery garnered more concern from slaveholders, government, and military officials as the war progressed. Their increased visibility as dissenters from the Confederate project caused problems; they got into conflicts with other white, female refugees, engaged in outright resistance, and sided with poor and working-class white men who did not want to fight for or deserted the Confederacy. Calls for white southerners to unite across class lines began to fall apart as the war went on partly because of the disproportionate demands placed on poor and working-class women became untenable for many. The worlds of poor white women and slaveholding female refugees also began to overlap, emphasizing the dissimilarity of these women’s experiences. The politics of poor and nonslaveholding white Southern women was grounded in the particularities of their political economy and social worlds.","PeriodicalId":152403,"journal":{"name":"The Women's Fight","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132618338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Women's FightPub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0007
T. Glymph
{"title":"Under the Restless Wings of an Army","authors":"T. Glymph","doi":"10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on how Confederate women converged the stories of the home front and battlefront in their letters, diaries, and journals. They frequently blamed men, particularly Union soldiers, for the war they experienced on the home front, despite the fact white, Confederate women rarely experienced deliberate violence from and received protection from the Union Army. The same could not be said for enslaved women or black women refugees, who frequently suffered deliberate harm. Race and class informed Southern women’s gendered experience of the war. William Tecumseh Sherman was a frequent recipient of Confederate women’s ire.","PeriodicalId":152403,"journal":{"name":"The Women's Fight","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125285693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Women's FightPub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0005
T. Glymph
{"title":"Am I a Soldier of the Cross?","authors":"T. Glymph","doi":"10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"The vast majority of Northern women supported the Union cause. Some had been on the forefront of the abolitionist movement, but for most the Civil War’s goal was a restoration of the Union. Rich and poor Northern white women turned their homes into miniature factories or worked in actual factories to ensure soldiers’ material, civic, and spiritual needs were met. Yet like in the South, many Northern white women found the demands placed upon them untenable and urged their men to come home. There were class-based divisions over how best to orgainze aid for soldiers, including over the work done by the U.S Sanitary Commission (USSC). Many elite, Northern, white women sought to separate themselves from or refused to work with working-class, poor, and Black Northern women on support efforts. Wealthy white women became the aristocracy of women’s wartime abolition movement and very few Americans then or since have questioned their ascent or how their wealth (derived from the North’s connections to slavery) enabled their politics.","PeriodicalId":152403,"journal":{"name":"The Women's Fight","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133664286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Women's FightPub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0009
T. Glymph
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"T. Glymph","doi":"10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"The conclusion reasserts that gender, race, and class informed women’s experiences of the Civil War. Women’s struggles and victories in the fights they waged, as they came into contact with each other across borders previously restricted by law and custom on the basis of class and race, inspired some to tear down these boundaries and others to strengthen them.","PeriodicalId":152403,"journal":{"name":"The Women's Fight","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134296132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Women's FightPub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0006
T. Glymph
{"title":"Northern White Women and the “Garden of Eden”","authors":"T. Glymph","doi":"10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653631.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Northern women, white and black, went South during the Civil War. Most went as nurses, spies, agents of soldiers’ aid societies, teachers, and missionaries. Others accompanied soldier husbands and served company cooks or housekeepers, searched for lost family members, or nursed wounded family. A few disguised themselves as men and served as soldiers themselves. Regardless of their motivation to go South, they were generally united in their belief that enslaved people were at once abused and racially inferior. This belief led to skepticism of and concern over what should be “women’s work” in the South during the war. This skepticism and concern also informed Northerners’ views on the best path for integrating African Americans into the nation after war’s end. Many Northern white women came to see their roles as “mothers” to the newly freed Black race and struggled to bond with Black women or see them as equals.; by doing so, white Northern women helped refurbish the racial ideology that had defended slavery and would work to constrain Black women’s lives for decades.","PeriodicalId":152403,"journal":{"name":"The Women's Fight","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128202408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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