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Adjusted fluoride concentrations and control ranges in 34 states - 2006-2010 and 2015. 调整了34个州2006-2010年和2015年的氟化物浓度和控制范围。
Journal American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2017-08-01
Laurie K Barker, Kip K Duchon, Srdjan Lesaja, Valerie A Robison, Scott M Presson
{"title":"Adjusted fluoride concentrations and control ranges in 34 states - 2006-2010 and 2015.","authors":"Laurie K Barker, Kip K Duchon, Srdjan Lesaja, Valerie A Robison, Scott M Presson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To inform selection of a control range around the Public Health Service's recommended 0.7 mg/L drinking water fluoride concentration to prevent tooth decay, CDC's Water Fluoridation Reporting System data for 2006-2010 and 2015 were analyzed. Monthly average concentration data from 4,251 fluoride-adjusted community water systems for 191,266 of 255,060 system-months (2006-2010) were compared to control ranges 0.6 mg/L to 0.2 mg/L wide. Percentages of system-months within control ranges ≥0.4 mg/L wide (e.g., ±0.2 mg/L) were >83% versus 68% for 0.2 mg/L wide (±0.1 mg/L). In 2015, 70% of adjusted systems maintained averages within ±0.1 mg/L of their system's annual average for 9 of 12 months, 67% used the 0.7 mg/L target and 45% used it with a ±0.1 mg/L control range. Adoption of the 0.7 mg/L target was underway but not completed in 2015. Control ranges narrower than ±0.2 mg/L may be feasible for monthly average fluoride concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14855,"journal":{"name":"Journal American Water Works Association","volume":"109 8","pages":"13-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5798483/pdf/nihms902538.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35807266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flint Water Crisis: What Happened and Why? 弗林特水危机:发生了什么，为什么?
Journal American Water Works Association Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.5942/jawwa.2016.108.0195
Susan J Masten, Simon H Davies, Shawn P Mcelmurry
{"title":"Flint Water Crisis: What Happened and Why?","authors":"Susan J Masten,&nbsp;Simon H Davies,&nbsp;Shawn P Mcelmurry","doi":"10.5942/jawwa.2016.108.0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2016.108.0195","url":null,"abstract":"The Flint River is a variable water source and thus a challenge to treat; oversights and missteps combined with inherent chemical conditions set the stage for the historic water crisis in Flint, Mich.","PeriodicalId":14855,"journal":{"name":"Journal American Water Works Association","volume":"108 12","pages":"22-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5942/jawwa.2016.108.0195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34832699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 128
The water supply of Rome. 罗马的供水系统。
Journal American Water Works Association Pub Date : 1975-01-01
H J Abrahams
{"title":"The water supply of Rome.","authors":"H J Abrahams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The water delivery system developed by the Romans stands as a monument to the engineering ability of that city-state's water commissioners. This is an article about that system and, in particular, one of its ablest administrators--Frontinus.</p>","PeriodicalId":14855,"journal":{"name":"Journal American Water Works Association","volume":" ","pages":"663-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28376057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Co-operative sanitation in the Americas. 美洲的合作卫生。
Journal American Water Works Association Pub Date : 1946-08-01
H B GOTAAS
{"title":"Co-operative sanitation in the Americas.","authors":"H B GOTAAS","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14855,"journal":{"name":"Journal American Water Works Association","volume":"38 8","pages":"969-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1946-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28831697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enemy water supply equipment. 敌军供水设备。
Journal American Water Works Association Pub Date : 1946-08-01
C W KARSTENS
{"title":"Enemy water supply equipment.","authors":"C W KARSTENS","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14855,"journal":{"name":"Journal American Water Works Association","volume":"38 8","pages":"959-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1946-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28831696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bacterial oxidation of ammonia in circulating water. 循环水氨的细菌氧化。
Journal American Water Works Association Pub Date : 1946-08-01
J C HILL
{"title":"Bacterial oxidation of ammonia in circulating water.","authors":"J C HILL","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14855,"journal":{"name":"Journal American Water Works Association","volume":"38 8","pages":"980-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1946-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28831698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Army water supply in World War II. 第二次世界大战中的军队供水。
Journal American Water Works Association Pub Date : 1946-08-01
W A HARDENBERGH
{"title":"Army water supply in World War II.","authors":"W A HARDENBERGH","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14855,"journal":{"name":"Journal American Water Works Association","volume":"38 8","pages":"952-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1946-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28831695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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