Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)最新文献

{"title":"STATUS OF WATERSHED AND NEED OF INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN NEPAL","authors":"B. Ojha, A. Pokharel, B. Adhikari, S. Bhatta","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.05.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.05.11","url":null,"abstract":"Watersheds are acknowledged as a paramount form of green substructure that provides us with important services like; drinking water, irrigation water, fodder/forage, pebbles/boulders, and timber including recreational, regulating, and other available services. The hills and mountains of Nepal are the watershed areas with the most fragile ecosystem and poor agricultural potential, as more than 15% of the total population of the country and 13% of the total land area is covered by Chure that has fragile ranges of hills. Hence, it can’t be denied from the fact that many of Nepal’s watersheds are in a state of physical and biological deterioration where landslides, soil erosion, floods, biodiversity loss, unsustainable water extraction, and farming practices are among the major issues leading towards watershed degradation. Therefore, proper strategies like developing stream and rainwater harvesting programs, strict implementation of EIA, IEE, adoption of SALT technology for income generation, etc. needs to be prioritized based on the principles of integrated watershed management while planning, monitoring & implementing soil and watershed management.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125973657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF SALINE AND NON-SALINE WATER ON OKRA CROP PRODUCTION","authors":"Komal Qasim, S. Ali Shah, S. A. Soomro, A. G. Siyal, Irfan Ahmed","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.24.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.24.29","url":null,"abstract":"Under the situation of acute water crises and the regular or occasional use of marginal to saline groundwater by the farming community to cultivate the crops, the research needs to be conducted on the use of marginal to saline groundwater based on the guidelines and strategies for the effective use be developed. In context of this, the experiment was conducted at the field research station of the laboratory of the Department of Land and Water Management (LWM) Faculty of Agricultural Engineering (FAE), Sindh Agriculture University (SAU) Tandojam during the year 2019. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three treatments of varying water qualities with three replications were deployed. The treatments were: W1 = non-Saline water (canal water) E.C= 1.0 dS m-1, W2 = Saline water (groundwater) EC= 4 dS/m-1and W3= Saline water (groundwater) EC= 6 dS/m-1. Okra crop was grown on ridges. The results showed that the soil EC decreased 0.76 dS/m-1 under T1, and increased 0.83 and 1.33 dS/m-1 under T2 and T3, respectively. The soil pH decreased by 0.29, 0.43, and 0.44 under T1, T2, and T3. The soil Mg increased 21.57, 22.11, and 27.03; soil SAR increased 6.15, 7.82, and 8.91; and soil ESP increased 6.51, 8.61, and 10.33 under T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The soil Ca decreased 1.34 under T1 treatment; and increased 0.30 and 10.28 under T2 and T3, respectively. The maximum yield of 18500 kg ha-1 was found with T1 followed by 17391 kg ha-1 with T2 and the lowest yield of 16836 kg ha-1 was found with T3. The highest water productivity of 1.91 kg m-3 was found with T1 treatment followed by 1.79 kg m-3 with T2 treatment and the lowest water productivity of 1.73 kg m-3 was found with T3 treatment.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115356995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF CENTER PIVOT VERSUS FURROW IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN SUGARCANE PRODUCTION AT GREEN FUEL ESTATE IN CHIPINGE, ZIMBABWE","authors":"Ability Mufunda, N. Mupaso, T. Maparara, Nyasha Chipunza","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted at Green Fuel Chisumbanje Estate in Chipinge, Zimbabwe. The study evaluated financial performance of Center pivot versus Furrow irrigation systems in sugarcane production. Secondary data were obtained from the Estate, Zimbabwe Electricity Transmission and Distribution Company, Agricultural Bank of Zimbabwe, Commercial Bank of Zimbabwe, First Capital bank, Zimbabwe National Water Authority and FAOSTAT. Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) was used to assess financial performance. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was done to measure the responsiveness of financial performance to changes in market interest rate. CBA results showed that the Center pivot system is more financially viable [Net Present Value (NPV) =USD36 472; Internal Rate of Return (IRR) =50% and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) =1.26] than Furrow the system (NPV=USD24 414; IRR=49% and BCR=1.06). Furrow system was found to be less desirable (BCR falling from 1.06 to 0.99) than Center pivot system (BCR falling from 1.26 to 1.17) in case the discount rate increases from 15% (lowest market rate by commercial banks during study period) to 18% (highest market rate charged by commercial banks). The study concluded that the Center pivot system is more financially viable for sugarcane production despite having higher investment costs than the Furrow system. The study recommends Green Fuel Estate to invest more on the Center pivot system than Furrow system in the long-run.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122093959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REGIONAL CLIMATIC RESPONSE TO GLOBAL WARMING AND AGRICULTURE IN PAKISTAN","authors":"M. M. Iqbal, M. Akram, Maqsood Ahmad, Saddam Hussain, Ghulam Usman","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.18.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.18.23","url":null,"abstract":"Human-induced anthropogenic variations cause a significant change in the local climate, which in turn lead to variations in different climatic regions. The effects of global warming have wide spatial variability, feedback of climate change, like, surface temperature towards precipitation, surface, and subsurface runoff are critical. As the climate, variability is critically important for nature and society, especially if it increases in amplitude and fluctuations become more persistent. However, the issues of weather surface temperature is changing, and if so, whether this has a positive or negative impact on precipitation, surface and ground runoff, and theirs distinguish response to different climate classes, are subjects of ongoing debate. The current research is mainly concerned with distinguishing the response of surface temperature on the precipitation, storm surface run off, and subsurface runoff on different climate classes over the mainland of Pakistan, for a time duration of 71 years, from 1948–2018. Here, we used monthly based two sets of GLDAS (Global Data Assimilation System) datasets i.e. GLDAS-2.0 (1948-2010) and GLDAS-2.1 (2011-2018) having the spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25° for surface temperature, precipitation, and runoff. While, for regional based climatic classification, Köppen Grignard climate classification map was used. The spatial-temporal trend of all the involving parameters has been estimated using Mann-Kendall’s trend. Spatial-temporal variation in the precipitation, surface temperature, and runoff fluctuations have been detected in different climatic regions. We showed that annually based variability of surface temperature has positive feedback over the surface runoff over the entire region as well as different climate regions of Pakistan. Despite the declining precipitation trend, the temperature seems to be a major cause of the melting of glaciers leading to an increase in the runoff. Based on our findings of established trends and corresponding mechanistic ‘feedback’ we hypothesize that increasing temperature might risk severe water shortage and cause disastrous floods in the future. Furthermore, different climatic zoning’s surface temperature variability contributed to observed variation in the precipitation, surface, and subsurface runoff variability, which in turn contributed to the persistent droughts. Changes in surface temperature and their impact on precipitation and runoff deliver valued evidence for understanding the region’s sensitivity over the entire region in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123704714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TO ASSESS THE IMPACTS OF HYDRAULIC PARAMETERS OF WATER CHANNEL ON PRE AND POST LINING: A CASE STUDY IN FAISALABAD IRRIGATION ZONE","authors":"Usman Khan Ahmadi, M. Kakar, L. Anjum, Rahmatullah Afghanzai","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.12.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2021.12.17","url":null,"abstract":"Water distribution on earth is not constant in its both forms i.e. surface water and groundwater. In many areas, the groundwater availability is changing, making it less available to agriculture for irrigation purposes. Surface water has fresh quality and frequently used for irrigation practices by diverting water from rivers and stream into canals and watercourses. As this scare and valuable resource move into the irrigation structure, a certain part of that water is lost. The losses in the watercourses are much more than those in the main channels and distributaries. So farmer’s face critical shortage of irrigation water issues. In addition to this groundwater pumping is also increasing that is decreasing groundwater table. The conveyance losses in the watercourses can be minimized by applying some lining techniques. To overcome this problem, there is a need to work out of the channel lining that ensures maximum water saving. A detail study has been carried out in the work to calculate the water losses using operational inflow and outflow approach. The losses from the pre and post lining of the canal have been calculated and assess the impacts of hydraulic parameters of the channel after lining the channel to investigate the hydraulic outlet’s performance, seepage water losses from the channel. In this concern, a case study was conducted on channel lining of Faisalabad irrigation zone. The value of the hydraulic parameters (cross-sectional area, flow velocity, wetted perimeters, hydraulic radius, bed slope, and side slope) for the trapezoidal channel have been investigated in this study. For statistical analysis a generalized linear model (exponential) R-language were used in the study. The value of water losses in pre and post lining of three distributary Lagar Disty, Nasrana Disty and Sehti Wala Minor was 2.238, 1.805, 3.008 m3/s/106m2 and 0.385, 0.486, 0.644 m3/s/106m2 respectively. The lowest losses were found in lined channel of LCC (East) Lagar Disty and the highest losses were found in the LCC (West) of Sehti Wala Minor. In this investigation work, the saving of water through lining the channel is also authentic numerically evaluated and authenticated.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126815379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF WATER QUALITY AND DIFFERENT MEALS ON GROWTH OF CATLA CATLA AND LABEO ROHITA","authors":"Saba Malik, S. Hussain, M. Waqas","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.04.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.04.08","url":null,"abstract":"The human body cannot make significant required quantities of vital nutrients but fish is minimum-fat, big-protein nutrition that delivers a variety of health advantages. Several external factors including temperature, oxygen level, alkalinity and photoperiod have impact on growth rate while water is also an important parameter in fish rising. Therefore, there is need to work and evaluate impact of fish food and water quality to improve the fish growth. For this purpose, twelve glass aquaria (six with ground water and six with surface water) were considered to assess growth and food conversion ratio (FCR) of Catla Catla and Labeo Rohita and two feeds (i.e. sunflower and bone meal) were provided. The feed has been given twice a day and changed 4% on the rate of body weight of fingerlings in the ground water pond and surface water pond as well. The fingerlings get the most elevated body weight in ground water and on sunflower meal (1.43 ± 0.01 g) as compared to surface water and bone meal (1.39 ± 0.03 g). The general lengths obtained using the fish feed have gotten to be (5.78 ± 0.03cm) on sunflower meal and (5.47±0.03 cm) on the bone meal. The values of FCR had been lower (better) on sunflower meal (2.13±0.01) as compared to bone feast (2.32±0.03). In conclusion, it was observed from the results that fishes fed on sunflower meals had shown better growth with improved morphometric parameters and lower FCR values.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124862546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WATER RESOURCES HELPS İN THE EXPANSİON OF MOSQUİTOES COLONİES","authors":"Atif Haroona, T. Yaseen, Aqarab Husnain, Mehran Mehfooz, Muhammad Umer Umair, Muhammad Husnain Jarar, Usama Naveed, Faraz Khalid","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.19.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.19.24","url":null,"abstract":"In Pakistan, water storage bodies are often the most plentiful and active habitats of immature stages of mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are blood feeding type of vectors that bite a particular host and suck blood. As a result, these vectors transmit disease causing agents to the host system. The most common mosquitoes borne viral diseases in Pakistan are Chicken gunya, Dengue fever, west nile and Zika fever. These diseases are common in low and poor living standard areas. Death rate increases due to more attack of these fatal diseases. Mosquitoes breeding sites are water bodies, discarded tyres, water tanks, bottles, cups and ant traps. Various environmental agents i.e. temperature fluctuations and water resources, now increase the rate of mosquitos in most areas of Pakistan. There is a lack of basic medical education and knowledge about its pervention techniques in mosquito affected areas in Pakistan. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current status of emerging mosquito borne viral diseases in Pakistan, i.e. Chicken gunya, Dengue fever, est nile and Zika fever. There is more need of prevention strategies and understanding about factors involved in spreading of mosquito borne diseases.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"295 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116225462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GULLY PLUGGING SPILLWAY IS AN EFFECTIVE GULLY REHABILITATION MEASURE: A CASE STUDY OF DISTRICT GUJRAT-PAKISTAN","authors":"A. Ayub","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.09.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.09.12","url":null,"abstract":"Soil erosion is the universal land degradation event which invites an enormous challenge for its rehabilitation. Among all forms, gully erosion is the most worst and visible form of water erosion which cannot be controlled without any permanent gully stabilization structure. Therefore, the study was conducted to evaluate the impact of gully plugging spillway to rehabilitate the eroded land. For this purpose, a highly eroded site was selected within the study area, surveyed to estimate the structural design and brick masonry work was executed accordingly. The consequences of study clearly illustrated that straight drop spillway is an effective hydraulic structure which considerably fulfilled its objectives by plugging the gully to stop further erosion as well as stabilizing the eroded land.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"550 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133250246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GROUNDWATER STORAGE CHANGE ESTIMATION USING GRACE SATELLITE DATA IN INDUS BASIN","authors":"M. Salam, M. Cheema, Wanchang Zhang, S. Hussain, Azeem Khan, M. Bilal, A. Arshad, Sikandar Ali, M. A. Zaman","doi":"10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.13.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.13.18","url":null,"abstract":"Over exploitation of Ground Water (GW) has resulted in lowering of water table in the Indus Basin. While waterlogging, salinity and seawater intrusion has resulted in rising of water table in Indus Basin. The sparse piezometer network cannot provide sufficient data to map groundwater changes spatially. To estimate groundwater change in this region, data from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite was used. GRACE measures (Total Water Storage) TWS and used to estimate groundwater storage change. Net change in storage of groundwater was estimated from the change in TWS by including the additional components such as Soil Moisture (SM), Surface water storage (Qs) and snowpack equivalent water (SWE). For the estimation of these components Global Land Data Assimilation system (GLDAS) Land Surface Models (LSMs) was used. Both GRACE and GLDAS produce results for the Indus Basin for the period of April 2010 to January 2017. The monitoring well water-level records from the Scarp Monitoring Organization (SMO) and the Punjab Irrigation and Drainage Authority (PIDA) from April 2009 to December 2016 were used. The groundwater results from different combinations of GRACE products GFZ (GeoforschungsZentrum Potsdam) CSR (Center for Space Research at University of Texas, Austin) JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) and GLDAS LSMs (CLM, NOAH and VIC) are calibrated (April 2009-2014) and validated (April 2015-April 2016) with in-situ measurements. For yearly scale, their correlation coefficient reaches 0.71 with Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) 0.82. It was estimated that net loss in groundwater storage is at mean rate of 85.01 mm per year and 118,668.16 Km3 in the 7 year of study period (April 2010-Jan 2017). GRACE TWS data were also able to pick up the signals from the large-scale flooding events observed in 2010 and 2014. These flooding events played a significant role in the replenishment of the groundwater system in the Indus Basin. Our study indicates that the GRACE based estimation of groundwater storage changes is skillful enough to provide monthly updates on the trend of the groundwater storage changes for resource managers and policy makers of Indus Basin.","PeriodicalId":141870,"journal":{"name":"Big Data in Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125043909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}