AgriSciRN: Agroecology (Sub-Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Farm-Forestry Design at Jeypore Block (Koraput), India","authors":"Satyendra Nath Mishra","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3717565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3717565","url":null,"abstract":"The renewed focus on developing ecologically resilient and socially acceptable design of farm-forestry has gained momentum in the wake of increasing farmers’ income. The social embeddedness of farm-forestry design, with appropriate extension and market provisioning, can contribute significantly to improve ecosystem services, economic growth, and poverty alleviation. This must be investigated with extensive understanding of field veracity. <br><br>To fill the gap, this study proposed site specific and scientifically backed farm-forestry design, with traditional – tacit – knowledge at its core. Extensive field study was conducted with an objective of analyzing current farm-forestry practices at five blocks (covering 47 villages and 107 farmers) of Koraput district, Odisha. <br><br>The study documents the importance of on-farm soil and water conservation practices in maintaining soil nutrient and farm productivity. Use of appropriate sowing and weeding practices had shown positive impact on seedling growth. With underlying principal of social acceptability and ecological suitability, the study proposed the farm-forestry design with intercropping of horticulture (like Turmeric, Ginger, Pineapple etc), field crops (like Ragi, Arhar, Sorghum, Maize, Niger etc.) and medicinal plants (like Acorus calamus, Asparagus abascendus, Centalla asiatica etc.). <br>","PeriodicalId":140432,"journal":{"name":"AgriSciRN: Agroecology (Sub-Topic)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural Household Poverty and Its Determining Factors: A Poverty Analysis Using Alternative Measurement Approaches","authors":"M. Yigzaw","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3617587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3617587","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries like Ethiopia, our day-to-day formal and informal discourses are rarely out of poverty issues that can be linked directly or indirectly. Despite the determined effort of government and development agencies to reduce poverty and ensure sustainable development, poverty remains an everlasting challenge in the world. This study aims to examine rural household poverty and its determining factors using alternative poverty measurement approaches, in the case of Gozamin Woreda, East Gojjam Zone of Amhara Region. It used both objective and subjective based poverty analysis approaches, where the survey-based analysis and PPA of the study depend on randomly selected 242 and 42 sample households respectively. Using the cost of basic needs approach (CBN), the poverty line of the study area is estimated as 19.16 Birr per day per adult equivalent. The study engaged Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke (FGT) group of poverty measures to assess the incidence, depth, and intensity of poverty, and decomposition was made across sample Kebeles and socio-economic variables. OLS, logit, and censored (Tobit) regression models were also applied to identify determining factors of household consumption expenditure, poverty incidence, depth, and severity. Accordingly, 35.12 % of the population lives under poverty and it is closely estimated as 33.33% using PPA. Poverty becomes sever challenge in the Dega agro-ecological areas of the Woreda, where 57.37% of the population lives under poverty. Family size and agro-ecological location (from Kolla to Dega) have a significant negative effect on consumption expenditure, but positively affect poverty incidence, gap, and severity. Access to credit service, cooperative services, health extension services, and off-farm activities have a significant positive effect on consumption expenditure; while negatively affect the incidence, depth, and severity of poverty. PPA findings revealed that perception of the community towards poverty is beyond the conventional, income/consumption-based definition. Therefore, development policies and poverty reduction strategies should respond to rapid rural population growth. Moreover, Dega agro-ecological areas need particular attention all the way through poverty reduction efforts.","PeriodicalId":140432,"journal":{"name":"AgriSciRN: Agroecology (Sub-Topic)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125131183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Control of Potato Soft Rot Disease (Erwinia carotovora) Using Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens","authors":"I. Istiqomah, Cokorda Javandira, Elis Siti Toyibah","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/yd9rv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/yd9rv","url":null,"abstract":"Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the commodities of potential as a source of carbohydrates and important on Indonesia's economy. One of the constraints of potato production is soft rot disease caused by Erwinia carotovora (syn. Pectobacterium carotovorum) which is needed to be controlled. One alternative control measures are the used of bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens for biological control. The purpose of this research is to know the potential of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens in single and in combination to inhibit potato soft rot diseases caused by E. carotovora. The results showed that biological control agents B. subtilis and P. fluorescens in single or in combination both of them (T3 to T17) have potential in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic E. carotovora by showing the clear zone. Biological agents provide nearly the same effect if compared with the bactericide Agrept (T2). Based on the results of the statistical analysis, the treatment 11th and treatment 14th showed a clear zone wider than the Agrept treatment (T2). The treatment 11th contain combination of biological agents B. subtilis (109 cfu/ml) and P. fluorescens (105 cfu/ml), while the treatment 14th contain combination of biological agents B. subtilis (107 cfu/ml) and P. fluorescens (105 cfu/ml).","PeriodicalId":140432,"journal":{"name":"AgriSciRN: Agroecology (Sub-Topic)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133241164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}