Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology最新文献

{"title":"An Initial Survey on the Prevalence of Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS) among Yemeni Pregnant Women in Sana'a City.","authors":"Ibrahim Al-Subol, Maha Abdul-Aziz, Abdullah A Almikhlafy, Talal Alqahtani","doi":"10.1155/2022/6279343","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/6279343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection with group B Streptococcus (GBS) is still a neonatal life-threatening illness, especially in developing countries such as Yemen.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was aimed at determining the vaginal colonization rate and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of GBS among Yemeni pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study over a four-month period involving 210 pregnant women at the 35th to 39th gestational weeks who visited Gaza medical center in Sana'a city, Yemen. The collected vaginal swab specimen was inoculated in the Todd-Hewitt enrichment broth and incubated for 24 h and then subcultured on a 5% human blood agar plate. All positive cultures identified as GBS were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests using the disk diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 210 recruited pregnant women, 23 (10.95%) were GBS vaginal carriers. All GBS isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, levofloxacin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the study's results, approximately eleven out of every 100 pregnant women in Sana'a city are vaginally colonized by GBS. Beta-lactam antibiotics remain the drug of choice to treat and prevent GBS infections. A prenatal screening policy is urgently needed for Yemeni pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":"2022 ","pages":"6279343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9596256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10411236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Menstrual Hygiene Management Practices among Schoolgirls: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Savannah Region of Ghana.","authors":"Mubarick Nungbaso Asumah,&nbsp;Abdulai Abubakari,&nbsp;Gifty Apiung Aninanya","doi":"10.1155/2022/7007117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7007117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Menstruation is crucial in the reproductive lives of all women. The advent of menses in most settings is accompanied by physical and psychological health, religious, social, and cultural implications. The research intends to identify determinants of menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices among adolescent girls in Junior High Schools in the West Gonja Municipality of the Savannah Region of Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study employed an analytical cross-sectional design with 430 adolescent schoolgirls selected through multistage sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data and analyzed using STATA version 14. A logistic regression model was run to determine the predictors of MHM practices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study discovered that 63.7% of the girls had sufficient knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Almost all girls (97%) used some form of absorbent materials during menses, with over half of these girls (58.6%) using commercial sanitary pads, 30.5% using cloth, 3.7% using cotton, and 4.2% using tissue papers with 3.0% reported not using any absorbent material. Only 44.4% reported reusing their absorbent materials. Out of which, the majority (88.5%) of the schoolgirls cleaned their reusable absorbent material using soap and water with 77.5% drying absorbent materials in the sun. Overall, 84.9% practiced good MHM. Type of school [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =6.0; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) (2.64-13.59)], pocket money [AOR =2.5; 95% CI (1.27-4.86)], and residence [AOR =2.8 95% CI (1.55-5.18)] were the most significant determinants of menstrual hygiene management practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>About two-thirds of the schoolgirls are knowledgeable in menstrual hygiene but access to management materials is problematic whereas approximately half of the girls have access to sanitary pads and the rest resort to the use of cloth and cotton. Pocket money and residential status were the most important predictors of the menstrual hygiene management. The government initiative to provide schoolgirls with sanitary pads could go a long way to improve menstrual hygiene management if implemented across all schools in Ghana, particularly in rural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"7007117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9377905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40619276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Diarrhea, Feeding Practice, and Associated Factors among Children under Five Years in Bereh District, Oromia, Ethiopia.","authors":"Yirgalem Feleke,&nbsp;Alemayehu Legesse,&nbsp;Meskerem Abebe","doi":"10.1155/2022/4139648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4139648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diarrheal disease is a major public health problem among under-five children globally. In Ethiopia, it is the second cause of hospital admission and death among children under five years.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the prevalence of diarrhea, feeding practice, and associated factors among children under five years in Bereh District, Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfine, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children less than 5 years old in Bereh District from May 15 to 29, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select a total of 455 study participants. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the prevalence of diarrhea as well as to summarize other study variables. A binary logistic regression model with an adjusted odds ratio and a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to declare the associated factors with childhood diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of diarrhea was 17.3% in the past 15 days preceding the study period. About 53.4% of the mothers/caregivers were engaged in poor child feeding practices. Age of children [AOR = 9.146, 95% CI (2.055, 40.707)], birth order [AOR = 0.137, 95% CI (0.057, 0.329)], total family size [AOR: 5.042, 95% CI (2.326, 10.931)], not EBF [AOR: 4.723, 95% CI (1.166, 19.134)], prepare child foods separately [AOR: 0.252, 95% CI (0.091, 0.701)], feeding child immediately after cooking, handwashing method, and source of drinking water were significantly associated with under-five diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of diarrhea among children under five is high. More than half of the participants were engaged in poor IYCF practice. Action targeting the factors associated with diarrhea should be taken to improve under-five child's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"4139648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9232332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40400613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant Associations between <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pregnant Women.","authors":"Bongekile Ngobese,&nbsp;Khine Swe Swe-Han,&nbsp;Partson Tinarwo,&nbsp;Nathlee S Abbai","doi":"10.1155/2022/7930567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7930567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a lack of data on the burden of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> among human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected pregnant women in South Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional study which included 385 HIV-infected pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at the King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban, South Africa. The women provided vaginal swabs which were tested for <i>C. trachomatis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i>. The prevalence of the individual STIs was as follows: <i>C. trachomatis</i> (47/385, 12.2%) and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> (16/385, 4.1%). Having a circumcised partner, testing positive for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i>, and perceiving themselves of being at risk for infection were shown to increase the risk for <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection. Without controlling for the other factors, testing positive for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> increased the risk for <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection by 10-fold (OR: 10.17, 95% CI: 3.39-29.66, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, adjusting for the other factors, the risk for <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection in women who tested positive for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> was 9-fold (OR: 9.16, 95% CI: 2.19-40.18, <i>p</i> = 0.003). The following factors were associated with the increased risk of <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infection: not knowing their partner's HIV status, partner having other partners, and <i>C. trachomatis</i> infection status. Without controlling for the other factors, testing positive for <i>C. trachomatis</i> increased the risk for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infection by 6-fold (OR: 6.52, 95% CI: 2.22-18.49, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, adjusting for the other factors, the risk for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> infection in women who tested positive for <i>C. trachomatis</i> was 6-fold (OR: 6.09, 95% CI: 1.73-22.03, <i>p</i> = 0.005). We found a significant association between <i>C. trachomatis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> in the pregnant women and the risk factors associated with these pathogens. Future studies are urgently required to investigate the impact of <i>C. trachomatis</i>/<i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> coinfections in HIV pregnant women since this data is lacking in our setting. In addition, etiological screening of <i>C. trachomatis</i> and <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> during antenatal clinic is urgently required to prevent adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes associated with these infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"7930567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9232329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40400612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and Associated Genotype Patterns of High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Infection and Cervical Cytology Abnormalities among Women in Central India.","authors":"Shipra Gupta, Shashank Purwar, Priyal Gupta, Ajay Halder, Ayush Gupta, K Pushpalatha, Julie Hansa John","doi":"10.1155/2022/3932110","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/3932110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The epidemiology of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and the pattern of HPV genotype distribution are much-needed parameters to assess the risk of cervical cancer among females. However, due to less availability of data on HPV burden and its genotypes from various geographical regions in India makes cervical cancer screening modalities and vaccination strategies difficult to implement.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study was conducted to identify the various genotypes particularly high-risk HPV types in premalignant or malignant cervical lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study wherein 295 symptomatic women were screened by Pap smear and multiplex real-time PCR was performed for HPV genotypes identification in women with abnormal cervical cytology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 295 women, 237 (80.3%), 45 (15.3%), and 13 (4.4%) women had normal Pap smear, squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous cytology, respectively. Among these 58 women having abnormal cervical cytology, HPV was detected in 48 (81.0%) participants. Most common HPV genotypes in our study were HPV 16 (<i>n</i> = 29; 60.4%) followed by mixed infections; i.e., more than one type of HPV was detected (<i>n</i> = 10, 20.8%). HPV 18 was detected only in 6.25%, whereas other high-risk HPV genotypes were found to be 12.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPV positivity was >80% in women having abnormal Pap smear. The prevalence of HPV 18 was found to be much less in Central India, compared to other parts of country. HPV 16 was the most common genotype followed by mixed HPV genotype infections. It is evident from our study that symptomatic women even if having normal Pap smear should be screened for HPV and followed up with periodic Pap smears for detecting any change in cervical cytology, thus preventing cervical cancer in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"3932110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9132658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44076763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Age and Stage of Pregnancy as Determinants of UTI in Pregnancy: A Case of Tamale, Ghana","authors":"Jacob Loonin Laari, Martin Anab, Damyetin Peter Jabong, Kasim Abdulai, A. Alhassan","doi":"10.1155/2022/3616028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3616028","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the world's second most common cause of death, trailing only respiratory tract infections. Because of anatomical and physiological changes along the urinary tract, pregnant women accounted for approximately 20% of all cases of urinary tract infection. Aim This study sought to assess maternal age and stage of pregnancy as determinants of UTI among pregnant women in Tamale. Methods This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey as the study design in the antenatal clinic of Tamale Central Hospital (TCH). This was carried out by reviewing laboratory records of urinalysis results done on pregnant women. Data entry and analysis were performed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Chi-square and binary logistics analysis were used to determine the relationship. Results Data analysis was done for 158 pregnant women, most (35.4%) were within the age group of 36-45 years, and most (38.6%) were within their first trimester. The overall prevalence of UTI infections among pregnant women was 33.5%. The prevalence was 27.8% for candiduria and 8.9% for bacteriuria. Women in the first trimester of their pregnancy were more likely to have UTI (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI =1.03–5.94). Also, Pregnant women of the age group of 26-35 years were less likely to get UTIs as compared to those of the age group 15-25 years (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI =0.17–0.92). Finally, those of the age group of 36-45 years were less likely to get UTI as compared to those of the age group 15-25 years (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI =0.12–0.66). Conclusion The prevalence of UTI among studied pregnant women was high (38.0%), and the most prone maternal age group and trimesters to UTI are 15-25 years and first trimester, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44171020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Insulin Index, and Insulin Load with Bacterial Vaginosis in Iranian Women: A Case-Control Study","authors":"M. Noormohammadi, G. Eslamian, Seyyedeh Neda Kazemi, B. Rashidkhani, Shirin Malek","doi":"10.1155/2022/1225544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1225544","url":null,"abstract":"Background Inconsistent findings have been reported for associations between dietary indices and bacterial vaginosis (BV). The aim of this study was to examine the association of dietary glycemic index (DGI), glycemic load (DGL), insulin index (DII), and insulin load (DIL) with BV among Iranian women. Methods The current case-control study consisted of 144 new cases of BV and 151 controls. The diagnosis of BV was made based on the Amsel criterion in hospital clinics in Tehran, Iran, from November 2020 until June 2021. DGI, DGL, DII, and DIL were calculated from a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary carbohydrate indices and odds of BV were assessed adjusting for potential confounders through an estimation of two multivariate regression models. Results The multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR) comparing the highest tertile of dietary DGI and DGL with the lower tertile was 2.99 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.47–6.81; Ptrend = 0.003) and 4.01 (95% CI: 1.22–5.91; Ptrend = 0.029), respectively. In a fully adjusted model, the top tertile of dietary fiber compared to the bottom was associated with 88% (95% CI: 0.14-0.33) lower odds of BV (Ptrend < 0.001). DII and DIL were not significantly associated with odds of BV in both crude and adjusted regression models. Conclusion The findings support the hypothesis of moderate, direct associations between DGI or DGL and BV. Also, a diet high in fiber decreases odds of BV.","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42903501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Documented <i>β</i>-Lactam Allergy and Risk for Cesarean Surgical Site Infection.","authors":"Courtney Johnston, Amy Godecker, Daniel Shirley, Kathleen M Antony","doi":"10.1155/2022/5313948","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/5313948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the relationship between documented <i>β</i>-lactam allergy and cesarean delivery (CD) surgical site infection (SSI). <i>Study Design</i>. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of women who underwent CD at Ben Taub Hospital and Texas Children's Pavilion for Women (Houston, TX) from August 1, 2011, to December 31, 2019. The primary exposure was a documented <i>β</i>-lactam allergy, and the second exposure of interest was the type of perioperative antibiotic received. The primary outcome was the prevalence of SSI. Maternal characteristics were stratified by the presence or absence of a documented <i>β</i>-lactam allergy, and significance was evaluated using Pearson's chi-squared test for categorical variables and <i>t</i>-test for continuous variables. A logistic regression model estimated odds of SSI after adjusting for possible confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 12,954 women included, 929 (7.2%) had a documented <i>β</i>-lactam allergy while 12,025 (92.8%) did not. Among the 929 women with a <i>β</i>-lactam allergy, 495 (53.3%) received non-<i>β</i>-lactam perioperative prophylaxis. SSI occurred in 38 (4.1%) of women who had a <i>β</i>-lactam allergy versus 238 (2.0%) who did not (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). <i>β</i>-Lactam allergy was associated with higher odds of SSI compared to no allergy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.97; 95%confidence interval (CI) = 1.24-3.14; <i>p</i> = 0.004) after controlling for age, race, ethnicity, insurance status, delivery body mass index (BMI), tobacco use, intra-amniotic infection in labor, duration of membrane rupture, preterm delivery, delivery indication, diabetes, hypertension, group B Streptococcus colonization, and type of perioperative antibiotic received.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of a <i>β</i>-lactam allergy is associated with increased odds of developing a CD SSI after controlling for possible confounders, including the type of perioperative antibiotic received.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":"2022 1","pages":"5313948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8906943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42138931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitudes and Correlates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Syphilis among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.","authors":"Kassa Genetu, Kerebih Abere, Erdaw Tachbele","doi":"10.1155/2022/6156613","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/6156613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and syphilis are major sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among the general population in Ethiopia, which in turn result in a wide range of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hence, it is important to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of HIV, HBV, and syphilis infection among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 286 pregnant women from February 1, 2021, to March 30, 2021, in four selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Sociodemographic, risky sociocultural, behavioral, and hospital-related factors were collected using an interview-administered questionnaire. Detection of anti-HIV antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and rapid plasma reagin (RPR) for syphilis was conducted. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of STIs using SPSS version 25.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 281 pregnant mothers with a mean age of 27.5 (SD 4.6) completed the study. Among the participants, the seroprevalence rates of HIV, HBV, and syphilis were 15 (5.3%), 9 (3.2%), and 5 (1.8%), respectively. Twenty six (9.3%) of the participants tested positive for any one of the STIs, and 3 (1.1%) of the women had HIV and syphilis coinfections. History of multiple sexual partners (AOR 3.42, 95% CI: 1.6-11.63) and STIs (AOR 3.7; 95% CI: 1.70-13.45) were significantly associated with HIV infection. Likewise, history of abortion (AOR 7.65, 95% CI: 1.17-49.74), tattooing (AOR 9.72, 95% CI: 1.41-66.73), and rape (AOR 9.72, 95% CI: 1.41-66.73) were significantly associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Husband history of multiple sexual partners (AOR 20.9, 95% CI: 1.8-241.8) was significantly associated with syphilis infection. The educational level of participants, history of tattooing (AOR 6.24, 95% CI: 1.79-21.7), and history of multiple sexual partners (AOR 5.15, 95% CI: 1.68-15.7) were independent predictors of infection with any one of the STIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is still a high burden of HIV, HBV, and syphilis among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia. History of multiple sexual partners, abortion, rape, and tattooing was a significant predictor of STIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"6156613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49227377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Anti-HIV ELISA Results in Pregnancy: Is It Reliable?","authors":"Emrah Güler, Ayşe Arıkan, Mariam Abobakr, Murat Sayan, Kaya Süer, Tamer Şanlıdağ","doi":"10.1155/2022/1157793","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/1157793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be transmitted from mothers to their babies during pregnancy, delivery through vaginal fluids or breastfeeding. As false positivity anti-HIV results due to pregnancy could be detected and no relevant study have been reported in Northern Cyprus so far, we aimed to estimate the false anti-HIV positivity rate in pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 11.977 women admitted to Near East University Hospital between 2015 and 2018 were involved. The fourth generation anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA test was carried out by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay. Positive results were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR). SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Demo Ver 22 program was used for statistical analysis and significance (p<0.05) was measured by Person Chi-Square and Fisher's Exact tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA test was positive in 7 (0.3%) of pregnant and 11 (0.1%) of non-pregnant women. HIV RNA was not detected in any pregnant however, was detected in 2 (0.02%) of non pregnant. S/Co titer of pregnant and non pregnant who have positive anti-HIV-test without viral load was x̄=2.68±1.64 (1.34-5.20) and x̄=8.63±7.68 (1.56-20.98) respectively. False positivity was significantly higher in pregnants compared to non-pregnants (p=0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>False positivity can be encountered during pregnancy therefore, positive anti-HIV-1/2 ELISA results should be confirmed with molecular techniques before initiating antiretroviral treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13546,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology","volume":" ","pages":"1157793"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43557271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}