Proceedings of ‏The 12th International Conference on Humanities, Psychology and Social Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Valuing of Social Impact Assessment: building sound relations towards mitigating project delays","authors":"Xolani Ngonini","doi":"10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how state-owned entity in South Africa learned from an ineffective conceptualisation of the notion of the ‘license to operate’ from a project that encountered over 300days of work stoppages, how it has utilised such lessons to foster sound community facilitation before project implementation. In the recent past, the interface between megaprojects and projectedaffected communities has evolved from the traditional approach to incorporate innovative methods. These innovative approaches acknowledged that measuring project impact requires the entity to not focus on financial and economic value in an isolated way. Instead, it must make assessments across environmental, social, and financial dimensions, ensuring that the processes and practices do not favour a narrow emphasis on biophysical impacts. Research for the paper shows that social impacts span a range that includes health and well-being, liveability, economic, cultural, family and community, political/legal, and gender, and must be experienced or felt incorporeal or perceptual terms. The assessment sought to reflect on the implementation and outcomes of Social Impact Assessment (analysing, monitoring and management) interfaces with project-affected communities or interested and affected parties. The paper challenges common perceptions of “stakeholder engagement and facilitation” by focusing on the socio-economic context of the project’s location, role players and their agendas, histories of development or lack thereof and highlights the importance of political trust (cultural capital). Commonly held views of the processes concerning stakeholders’ understanding of social impacts are limited to an assessment of their recognition of the value of participation. However, there is an emergent drive towards co-creational processes and influences on how community groups achieve a collective level understanding of complex decisions and impacts. The import of this paper the body of knowledge resides in the transfer of lessons from one project to another, to minimise instances of community protests and improve stakeholder engagement. interviews were conducted with community leaders, business owners, affected households and many other stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":134566,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of ‏The 12th International Conference on Humanities, Psychology and Social Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116609955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involuntary Neurotoxicity and Criminal Responsibility","authors":"J. Brewer","doi":"10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.25","url":null,"abstract":"The intricacies of defining insanity are complicated by new insights into the inner workings of the human brain. We now know that the human brain can malfunction, even temporarily, due to conditions over which a person has no control, and this malfunction can impair a person’s capacity to know what he is doing and to remember afterward what he has done. Such knowledge has spawned the defenses of diminished capacity and criminal nonresponsibility, offshoots of the insanity defense. How is responsibility to be gauged in these situations? The first legal pronouncement of insanity in English law dates from the Wild Beast Test of 1723. Just over a century later, this defense was broadened in the case of M'Naghten, articulated by the House of Lords, which continues to shape the American Model Penal Code, a work that plays a critical part in the widespread revision and codification of the substantive criminal law of the United States. But the inherent complexities of defining insanity are compounded by new insights into the workings of the human brain. Defenses in the United States related to mental defect have morphed and changed and continued to evolve. The culpability of the criminally insane in American law during the nineteenth century was determined according to the traditional principles of English law. With little variation, defenses have held true to M'Naghten. The unusual defense of Commonwealth v. Garabedian, the “involuntary neurotoxic damage defense,” as it came to be known, was predicated on chemical poisoning of the nervous system that impeded Garabedian’s capacity to control his temper. It was the first such neurological defense ever used in a criminal trial. As Garabedian formulated his unique defense based on prolonged exposure to allegedly mind-altering chemical agents, the ensuing trial called into question what role neurobiology plays in the intent to commit murder. At Garabedian’s trial, the defense argued that Garabedian was under the influence of “acetylcholinesterase inhibitors,” a main component of a lawn-care chemicals, and that, furthermore, involuntary exposure to the chemicals had profoundly affected Garabedian’s cognitive ability. The case of Holden v. Elmore illustrates that the broadening neuroscientific perspective is forcing us to redefine psychology in neurophysiological terms, thus altering the traditional view of cognition and the social constructions of law that depend on it.","PeriodicalId":134566,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of ‏The 12th International Conference on Humanities, Psychology and Social Sciences","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114197162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"My therapist is a simulation: Risks and benefits of automated virtual reality therapies","authors":"Cemile Akdag Cebi","doi":"10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.20","url":null,"abstract":"One of the problems of mental health systems is not providing traditional psychotherapy services for every person in need. Self-guided interventions are proved to be promising tools, especially when face-to-face interventions are not available or limited as a resource. Virtual reality is used for many years in clinical settings without major drawbacks. Automated virtual reality programs might provide innovative and attractive solutions with virtual exposure environments and avatar therapists. However, the benefits and risks of providing such programs should be taking into account. This article reviews the ethical concerns for using self-help applications and virtual reality as a self-support tool and proposes recommendations for future researchers and developers.","PeriodicalId":134566,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of ‏The 12th International Conference on Humanities, Psychology and Social Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122151109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Transformations in the Linguistic Consciousness","authors":"M. Chkheidze","doi":"10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/12th.hpsconf.2021.05.10","url":null,"abstract":"Any major transformation occurring in the world causes changes in the regulation of human activities. Ideals and principles of perception, activities, values, and spiritual orientation are variable in time. The regulators we need to perform in the universe are historically preconditioned – they imply a constant change of the world view and its subjects, they give impetus to values, hierarchy and thinking paradigms. The research of the linguistic consciousness is implemented by applying the method of the free associative experiment aimed at revealing informants’ (English and Georgian speakers) associates-reactions to certain stimuli. The frequency ratios of reactions have been defined and the specifics of the core-periphery relationship has been identified in the associative fields. The procedure of the free associative experiment revealed: a. the similarities and differences between the linguistic world view depicted in the dictionaries; b. the specifics of the perception of certain concepts by modern native speakers; c. the character of the transformation of the linguistic world view according to the new extra linguistic realities. The comparison of the lexical-semantic and associative fields has been made. The mentioned entities have been constructed by applying the principle of significance. According to the mentioned principle, each element of the field has been included in the system due to its meaning and significance determined on the basis of the system as a whole.","PeriodicalId":134566,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of ‏The 12th International Conference on Humanities, Psychology and Social Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115158047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}