Ethiopian International Journal of Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MODIFIED BIOMASS CHARCOAL PRODUCTION KILN","authors":"Sisay Wondmagegn, Mequannent Esubalew, Ambachew Balemual, Sahlu Mhriet, Tadelle Nigusu, Wassie Adane, Mekash Tesfaw","doi":"10.59122/134cfc7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/134cfc7","url":null,"abstract":"This research was focused on the design and development of a modified biomass charcoal production kiln. Society uses an ancient and rudimentary method of charcoal production that has received little investigation and analysis. The conventional charcoal production process has several drawbacks and disadvantages in terms of rate of carbonization, quality, yield, pollution, labor, and land costs. This study aimed to design and develop a charcoal production carbonization kiln that would alleviate the mentioned problems. The following results found the moisture content as (2,0.89) %, the volatile matter (8.84,3.02) %, the fixed carbon content (81.09,91.42)%, the heating value (29.982,32.762)MJ/kg, bulk density (342.53,434.5)kg/m3, shatter resistance(88.8,91.12)%, water penetration resistance (26.34,17.99)%, ash content (8.06,4.660)%, efficiency(16,31)%, and production time per cycle(3,5) days for conventional earth mound kiln and improved carbonization kiln respectively. From the result, the maximum shatter resistance shows well in mechanical strength, and high-water penetration resistance shows that the charcoal has better water absorption and a good heating value. The higher density shows that the volume is reduced due to the escape of volatile components and high fixed carbon content. Finally, the modified carbonization kiln yield was improved by 48.38%. Keywords: Biomass, Carbonization charcoal, Design, kiln, Molecular weight","PeriodicalId":128673,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian International Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121690486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADOBE WITH TERMITE MOUND SOIL FOR SUSTAINABLE HOUSE CONSTRUCTION IN GAMBELLA","authors":"Binaya Patnaik, Gatbel Buony, Seshadri Sekhar","doi":"10.59122/134cfc8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/134cfc8","url":null,"abstract":"The Gambella community in Ethiopia uses their indigenous knowledge of mixing termite mounds soil with locally available straws to build their mud houses. Mud houses constructed with termite mounds are comparatively stronger than those prepared with other soils, but they have severe durability issues due to shrinkage cracks that necessitate regular maintenance which is not affordable by many. This research paper presents technology intervention to resolve these issues faced by the community by introducing an alternative method of house construction called adobe. As part of this research 144 blocks of adobes were cast by using locally available materials and their performance was evaluated by conducting several strength and durability tests. The experimental results revealed that adobe prepared with termite mounds soil, 1.5% straws, and 2.5% of binder provides excellent strength and durability. The compressive strength was measured to be 2.6 MPa. Enhanced durability in terms of reduced shrinkage (17%), a low initial rate of absorption (0.29), and water absorption (0.26) were found in the adobe blocks. This indicates adobe is certainly the best solution to the existing houses' durability issues and a best-class sustainable solution for the construction of houses in Gambella, Ethiopia. Keywords: Adobe, Mud Houses, Compressive strength, Durability, Straw, Chikka Bets","PeriodicalId":128673,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian International Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127216049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FALSE BANANA (ʾƏNÄSÄTƏ) FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIAL","authors":"Belay Taye, Zewdie Alemayehu","doi":"10.59122/134cfc10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/134cfc10","url":null,"abstract":"The use of environmentally friendly materials has recently been promoted due to increased awareness of environmental issues. To offer a better world for future generations, we must decide what we will utilize and serve today. When resources and products reach the end of their useful lives, resource preservation and degradation become issues. Biodegradable products manufactured from renewable resources address these issues. This research aims to develop a biodegradable resource of false banana (ʾənäsätə) fiber as reinforcement with polyester resin composite material manufactured by hand layup method at room temperature. The mechanical and physical properties of the produced sample were investigated. include tensile, flexural, impact strength, and water absorption. The fiber surface was treated with NaOH alkaline in distilled water solution. In composites, the fiber orientations were 0o, 90o, 45o/-45o, 0o/90o, and chopped, at 40% fiber volume fraction. The sample's production process was performed successfully. A chopped sample is an easier manufacturing process relative to the other. As the result, 0o fiber direction scored the highest tensile strength, which is 181.41MPa. In the flexural and impact strength test, a 90o oriented fiber was observed with the highest value, which is 81.43 MPa and 9.75 joules, respectively. The samples were immersed in distilled water until saturated. The highest percentage of water absorption was 45o/-45o oriented fiber. Many researchers have recently shown interest in natural fiber composites material for aerospace and automotive applications, such as aircraft radomes and interior cabin components, as well as remarks on natural fiber composites' future trends and problems. This article provides readers with a positive perspective and piques industry players' interest in the potential of using natural fiber composites in aerospace applications to improve current aerospace material performance, particularly in terms of lightweight and environmental sustainability. Keywords: Composite, Fiber, Manufacturing, Matrix, Reinforcement, Sustainability","PeriodicalId":128673,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian International Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117220231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DESIGNING A FRAMEWORK FOR CYBER PROTECTION BASED ON UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION TO IMPROVE THE SECURITY OF ETHIOPIAN SOCIAL MEDIA USERS OVER FACEBOOK","authors":"Basha Kesim","doi":"10.59122/134cfc9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/134cfc9","url":null,"abstract":"The social media like Facebook is one of the prominent having 2.6 billion monthly active users. However, Facebook users pose different security threats by impersonation and spreading untrue information. Nowadays, there are numerous threats to social media such as Facebook in Ethiopia. Due to this problem, it is significant to design remedial solutions for such problems. This research study aims to establish a Unique-ID-based Cyber Defense Framework to enhance the security of Facebook users and inhibit the creation of fake profiles and impersonation by spammers. The researcher followed an exploratory with a constructive research design using surveys, and in-depth interview-based primary data analytics. The study concluded with a Unique-ID-based Cyber Defense Framework consisting of application and security layers with various critical components. In the proposed system, the Digital Residential ID issued for Addis Ababa residents is used to cross-check the user-provided data with the resident DB to check the authenticity of the user based on the country code. After that, a framework and its prototype are developed. The result of user acceptance test shows an optimistic answer i.e., 87% of respondents accepted the research outcomes as a positive contribution. On the other hand, 13% still have a dilemma to accept a new and innovative contribution for an enhanced Unique-ID-based Cyber defense system to improve the security of Facebook users. The study concluded by noticing every time a user attempts to create a Facebook account, the user will be asked to confirm his/her uniqueness. Also, they could be prohibited from establishing fake or multiple accounts. Keywords: Country code, Cyber defense Facebook, Fake profile, Impersonation, Security Threat, Unique Id","PeriodicalId":128673,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian International Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115962783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF OMO-KURAZ SUGAR FACTORY BAGASSE ASH AS A SUSTAINABLE PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT IN CONCRETE FOR THE ETHIOPIAN CONSTRUCTIONS","authors":"Binaya Patnaik, Jifara Chimdi, Seshadri Sekhar","doi":"10.59122/134cfc11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/134cfc11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the recycling of sugar cane bagasse ash from the Omo-Kuraz sugar factory in Ethiopia as a cement replacement in concrete that offers a suitable solution to environmental issues related to waste disposal management and the emission of greenhouse gases. The influence of bagasse ash as a cementing material in concrete was examined by performing several strength and durability experiments. From a strength perspective, compressive and splitting tensile strength were tested. As part of durability properties, carbonation and chloride penetrability of bagasse ash concrete was studied. Bagasse ash-based concrete mixes were produced with different cement replacements (10% - 40%) and were tested at different curing periods. As per the strength and durability test results, bagasse ash can be utilized as a cementing material in concrete with 10% cement replacement as the optimum quantity. The durability test results revealed bagasse ash doesn’t have adverse effects from carbonation and chloride penetrability perspective on concrete. This indicates that the Ethiopian construction industry can consider bagasse ash as nonconventional cementing material. Keywords: Bagasse ash, Compressive strength, Sorptivity, Tensile strength, Workability","PeriodicalId":128673,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian International Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131087463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLICATIONS OF MULTIMODAL BIOMETRICS AUTHENTICATION FOR ENHANCING THE IOT SECURITY USING DEEP LEARNING","authors":"Gergito Kusse, Tewoderos Demissie","doi":"10.59122/134cfc6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/134cfc6","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Things (IoT) integrates billions of electronic devices into computer networks to provide advanced and intelligent services that enable devices to communicate with each other by exchanging information with minimal human interaction. The security issue is at higher risk in IoT systems than in other computing systems. Maintaining the security requirement when attacking the physical surface of the IoT system device is a challenging task. Implementing security mechanisms like authentication and access control for the IoT ecosystem is necessarily needed to ensure the security of IoT devices. The key used for security may be stolen, forgotten, or forged. Also, the key may be generated by intruders or men in the middle of traditional security mechanisms. Biometric security is becoming more advanced and sophisticated with technological advancements and is mostly used in authentication systems. In unimodal biometrics, only one biometrics character can be applied which does not apply to ensure the security of IoT systems. In this paper, Multimodal biometrics authentication was used for securing edge devices in the IoT ecosystems. Face image and fingerprint image were used as multimodal biometrics systems for authenticating users to secured IoT devices. A pi-camera module and fingerprint sensor were used to capture biometric data. Image processing techniques were then applied to the images. Then CNN algorithms were used for feature extraction and model creation. During model creation, the RELU function was used as an activation function, soft-max for image classification, and Max-pooling for image dimensional reduction which helped the model speed up the training process. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the face image and fingerprint image is 92% and 89% respectively, which is a promising result that achieves the objective of the study. \u0000Keywords: Internet of Things, Multimodal Biometrics, Authentication, CNN, Deep Learning","PeriodicalId":128673,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian International Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131776268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}