{"title":"Opportunities for Communal Photovoltaic-Thermal Heating Systems with Storage","authors":"A. Kang, I. Korolija, D. Rovas","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.186","url":null,"abstract":"With 70% of the world’s population projected to live in urban areas by 2060 and 67% of current energy related emissions produced in urban areas, there is a compelling case to investigate the reduction of CO2 emissions from heating in densely populated areas in the UK or other regions with heating requirements. This paper investigates how a single PVT panel system with thermal and electrical storage could reduce heating emissions for a row of terraced houses. The main findings of the study carried out in Dymola/Modelica were that there is potential for greater thermal and electrical output with larger PVT systems and shared communal electrical and thermal storage. Pre-heating the mains water which supplies the hot water tank using the PVT both increased the PVT thermal efficiency and utilisation, and the electrical efficiency. In this configuration, the PVT system was able to supply all hot water demands of a row of terraced houses and supply about 91% of electricity demands.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116691592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing mistrust in construction using DLT: a review of use-case categories for technical decisions","authors":"Jens J. Hunhevicz, D. Hall","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.171","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain, or more general distributed ledger technology (DLT), is seen as an opportunity to integrate digital information, management, and contracts to increase trust and collaboration within the construction industry. However, little research has analyzed and confirmed this linkage through case-studies. There seems to be a gap between use-case ideas and the technical system implementation. This paper aims to reduce this gap through a review of both DLT and its applications in construction. It proposed six use-case categories through clustering of analyzed use cases and a basic framework to match the categories to a suitable DLT design. For that, the trust level of the user group was used as a proxy for the needed fundamental properties of the system. The categories and framework can lead to a more connected and structured thinking between technological properties of DLT’s and use cases in construction.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116790615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A toolchain for automated acquisition and processing of as-built data with autonomous UAVs","authors":"Henk Freimuth, M. König","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.137","url":null,"abstract":"BIM-driven projects depend on structured as-built information with high availability, but the acquisition process for visual data involves too much manual labour. Apart from acquisition, the generation of data with laser scanners and other methods requires computationally intensive registration processes. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have gained attention for all applications that involve re-mote sensing, but still require piloting personnel. UAVs with newly developed reactive autonomy, guided by stereo cameras in addition to standard GPS, enable both auto-mated operation and, more importantly, the generation of structured data that is aligned with the model. This work proposes a toolchain for producing structured point clouds of construction elements in progress.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126771462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An overview of configurations for industralized construction: typologies, customer requirements, and technical approaches","authors":"Jianpeng Cao, Daniel L. Hall","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.145","url":null,"abstract":"To improve productivity, the construction industry is increasingly adopting methods of industrialized construction. A key strategy to support industrialized construction is to leverage an adaptable product development platform, i.e. a configurator. Although many benefits of configurators (e.g. mass customization) have been witnessed in the manufacturing industry, the application of configurators in construction is limited and immature. This paper reviews eleven configurators in academic research and four configurators in industry practice. First, using a comparative analysis, the authors generalize three strategic typologies of configurators developed and implemented for industrialized construction. Second, stakeholder requirements are identified for each typology. Finally, the technical approaches, including related methods and theories, are reviewed using a framework of three-tier architecture decomposition. The findings contribute to practice by allowing AEC stakeholders to understand strategic typologies and customer requirements for configurators. This can assist in guiding the future development of mass-customized configurators.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129885560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Context capturing of multi-information resources for the data exchange in collaborative project environments","authors":"R. Scherer, P. Katranuschkov","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.173","url":null,"abstract":"A framework for context capturing of multi infor- mation resources is introduced. It is based on the three major approaches, which have been developed through the last decade. Having similar goals in mind they have come up with partially different objectives, methods and representation technologies. The three approaches are, respectively, the Multimodel (MM) approach of the Mefisto project in Germany, the COINS approach in the Netherlands of linked documents and models and the Linked Building Data (LBD) approach of the Linked Data Group in Europe.. They were developed in recent years to tackle the central problems of management and exchange of various types of data in a single package expressing a certain context and goal in an overall digital AEC environment. The differences and the commonalities of the first two approaches are addressed and the more future oriented LBD approach is compared to them. The related upcoming standard ISO 21597, pursuing a merging of the first two approaches in its Part 1, is discussed, whereas the third approach, targeting reasoning, will be a subject of Part 2 that is still under discussion.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130663845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of density and scale on the life cycle cost of net zero energy communities","authors":"S. Shubin, G. Rabinowitz, S. Isaac","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.144","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely agreed that expanding the Net Zero Energy concept to a community scale brings multiple advantages in terms of design flexibility, cost reduction, clean energy and resource management. However, it is less clear what the scale or the density of the community should be to utilize these advantages in the best possible way. The objective of this work is to study how the Life Cycle Costs of new Net Zero Energy communities are affected by changes in their density and scale. To achieve this objective, a model was developed for identifying the optimal configuration of energy technologies for each specific scale and density. The analysis takes into consideration the local climate and the types of buildings in the community. The results of the implementation of the model show that both urban density and scale have a direct impact on the costs of NZE communities, but in ways that depend on the local climate.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130482284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susana Martin, V. Serna, S. Álvarez, Miguel A. Garcia, G. Hernández, Á. Sicilia, Gonçal Costa
{"title":"OptEEmAL: IT-Supported design tool for the generation of optimised energy retrofitting scenarios at district level","authors":"Susana Martin, V. Serna, S. Álvarez, Miguel A. Garcia, G. Hernández, Á. Sicilia, Gonçal Costa","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.169","url":null,"abstract":"The EU strategies to reduce the carbon emissions highlight the importance of renovating the existing building stock as one of the major contributing sectors to these undesired emissions to the atmosphere. The existing practices to design energy efficient retrofitting projects are still too time consuming, unprecise and provoke, therefore, a lack of trust within the sector; especially to investors. There is a need to improve these practices through reducing the errors and the time required to evaluate retrofitting alternatives in order to select those most appropriate according to the stakeholders’ priorities. In order to give an answer to this challenge, the EU funded project OptEEmAL has designed and deployed an integrated platform that delivers automatically some of the steps that belong to this process reducing thus time, errors and therefore costs, which will lead to increasing efficiency and creating confidence among the stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124969876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Freeway work zone traffic state estimation with fault diagnosis","authors":"S. Du, S. Razavi","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.152","url":null,"abstract":"Freeway work zone can cause disruption to local traffic and have adverse impacts on mobility and safety of road users and those who work in the work zone. To ensure an effective traffic management strategy, it is essential to accurately and instantaneously estimate the traffic states at the work zone area. While many traffic state estimation methods are proposed by previous studies, few of them consider the occurrence of freeway sensor faults, which may result in a large deviation in state estimation and potentially lead to an inappropriate traffic management strategy. To overcome the impacts of sensor faults and provide accurate traffic state estimation, this study presents an approach using sensor fault diagnosis for traffic state estimation at freeway work zone area. Considering the capacity drop, the switching mode model with Kalman filter was used to estimate the traffic states. With the analysis of the density residuals generated by traffic sensors and probes, the fault diagnosis can detect the type of sensor faults and reconfigure the estimation model. The proposed system is implemented and evaluated in traffic simulator SUMO under a realistic freeway work zone environment. The results show that the developed system can accurately identify the type of fault in short time. An accurate traffic state estimation is provided and fairly maintained under fault-free and sensor-fault scenarios respectively.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115939314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mathias Bonduel, A. Wagner, P. Pauwels, M. Vergauwen, Ralf Klein
{"title":"Including widespread geometry formats in semantic graphs using RDF literals","authors":"Mathias Bonduel, A. Wagner, P. Pauwels, M. Vergauwen, Ralf Klein","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.166","url":null,"abstract":"The exchange of building data involves both geometric and non-geometric data. A promising Linked Data approach is to embed data from existing geometry formats inside Resource Description Framework (RDF) literals. Based on a study of relevant specifications and related work, this toolset-independent approach was found suitable for the exchange of geometric construction data. To implement the approach in practice, the File Ontology for Geometry formats (FOG) and accompanying modelling method is developed. In a proof-of-concept web application that uses FOG, is demonstrated how geometry descriptions of different existing formats are automatically recognised and parsed.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123264846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting the impact of size of uncertainty events on the construction cost of highway projects using ANFIS","authors":"A. Moghayedi, A. Windapo","doi":"10.35490/EC3.2019.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35490/EC3.2019.184","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the use of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) as a machine learning technique in the prediction of the impact size of uncertainty events on construction cost of highway projects and whether this technique is more accurate than the classical statistical methods. The rationale for the study stems from the availability of several techniques such as regression analysis and machine learning for developing predictive models of relationships of various variables in the construction industry. However, there has been limited research undertaken to compare the accuracy of the available techniques. The success or failure of prediction depends on the credibility of the prediction method. In this study, the predicted impact size of 76 uncertain events on the construction of highway projects using ANFIS as an intelligence machine learning method and Stepwise Regression Analysis (SRA) as a classical statistical method were compared to delineate the ability and accuracy of the ANFIS prediction technique. The comparison of calculated R-Value and two error tests for ANFIS and SRA show that the constructed ANFIS model has a higher performance than the SRA method in both fitness and reliability of the prediction model. Also, the performance comparison showed that ANFIS is a good tool for predicting the impact of uncertainty events on construction project cost. Based on these findings, the study concludes that the use of intelligent methods such as ANFIS will minimise the potential inconsistency of correlations in construction cost and time prediction. The model developed enables cost engineers to estimate the construction cost with a higher degree of accuracy.","PeriodicalId":126601,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126088453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}