Universal Journal of Microbiology Research最新文献

{"title":"Screening of Clostridium difficile Isolates for Metallo-Resistant Gene and Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases","authors":"N. A. Kachalla, Jaafaru M. Inuwa, H. Isa, Jude F. Chanji","doi":"10.13189/UJMR.2021.090101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJMR.2021.090101","url":null,"abstract":"s This study evaluated the incidence of Urinary tract infection (UTI) and Glycosuria in patients attending General Hospital Minna, Niger State Nigeria. Two hundred (200) midstream urine samples and 2ml of blood were obtained from all the patients. Fasting blood sugar level between 150mg/dl to 450mg/dl (8.3mmol/l to 25mmol/l). 73(36.5%) males and 127(63.5%) females were examined out of which 45(22.5%) had diabetes and 155(77.5%) had no diabetics. All the samples were cultured unto freshly prepared Eosine methylene blue (EMB), MacConkey (Difco) and blood agar plates and incubated for 24hours at 37°C. Gram staining and some biochemical tests, antimicrobial sensitivity tests were carried out on isolates using agar diffusion methods. Escherichia coli 21(27.3%) were the most predominant isolate causing UTI, as well as in females 9(27.9%), this is followed by Staphylococcus aureus 19(24.6%)and Pseudomonas specie was the least with a prevalence of 1(1.3%). Klebsiella species, Pseudomonas species and Streptococcus species were recovered from both male and female patients.","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128439066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Lipases from a Vegetable Oil Contaminated Soil Fungal Isolates","authors":"M. Emmanuel, Liman Mubarak Labaran, E. Evans, Abdulkadir Abubaka, Alex Victoria Ali, M. Zabe","doi":"10.13189/ujmr.2020.080202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujmr.2020.080202","url":null,"abstract":"Lipases are enzymes that hydrolyse lipids to produce free fatty acids and glycerol. Fungi were cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) plates and identified using microscopic techniques. Screening for lipase producers was carried out on SDA media supplemented with 3 % olive oil at ambient temperature. M. pusillus, M. canis, A. fumigatus, Yeast and T. mentagrophytes were found to produce lipases in different amounts with Yeast and M. canis being the highest producers, they were further characterised for this reason . Lipase production was carried out using submerged fermentation. Both Yeast and M. canis produced lipases maximally at 72 h. Optimum pH and temperature of activity for the lipases from Yeast were determined to be 5 and 35 o C respectively whereas, those from M. canis were 6 and 40 o C correspondingly. Yeast and M. canis lipases had preference for olive oil than vegetable and palm oils and both enzymes were activated by K + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ and inhibited by Fe 3+ , Hg 2+ and Co 2+ . The lipase enzyme from Yeast had V max of 0.0006 U/mL/Sec, K m of 0.4242 mM and K cat of 0.0004 S -1 while that from M. canis had corresponding V max , K m and K cat of 0.0001 U/mL/Sec, 3.2287 mM and 0.0001 S -1 .","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120918456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and Characterization of Lipase Enzyme Expressed by Crude Oil Contaminated Soil Isolates","authors":"N. G. Elemuo, S. S. Ikiensikimama, C. Ubani, E. Egwim, J. O. Osuoha","doi":"10.13189/UJMR.2019.070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJMR.2019.070101","url":null,"abstract":"Lipases are hydrolytic enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol into glycerol and free fatty acids. The biodiversity of crude oil contaminated soil was explored for the isolation of novel potent lipase producing microorganisms. In this current study, microorganisms isolated from crude oil contaminated soils were screened for lipase activity and expression. Six fungal strains namely: Yeast, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Verticillus sp., Penicillum sp., and Microsporum audouini demonstrated lipase producing potentials and the best two: Verticillus sp. and Penicillum sp. were selected for enzyme production and characterization. The lipase enzyme was produced in broth medium. Optimization of selected biochemical parameters reveal that optimum temperature for lipase activity was 40℃, pH 7 with an incubation time of 168 h for lipase expressed by Verticillus sp. and 40℃, pH 8 with an incubation time of 144 h was established for lipase expressed by Penicillium sp. The kinetic parameters of the lipase enzyme revealed that the enzymes had low Km (0.19 and 0.30 respectively) for the selected substrate.","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123321380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Communities of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Damaged in Strawberry in Turkey","authors":"E. Tozlu, N. Tekiner, G. Tozlu, R. Kotan, H. Öğütcü","doi":"10.13189/UJMR.2018.060202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJMR.2018.060202","url":null,"abstract":"Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive species originating from Southeastern Asia and spreads in a fast manner. It is among major threats in soft-shell fruit cultivation in the whole world. It was detected in 2014 in Turkey. According to international criteria, it is considered that it has the potential of threatening the fruit cultivation in Turkey where garden plants are grown widely. In this study, a total of 39 bacterial strains were isolated from 100 mature Drosophila suzukii individuals. Gram staining characteristics, catalase, oxidase and nitrate reductase activities and chitinase enzyme activities and hypersensitivity reaction of these strains were determined by using microscopical and visual inspection. The bacterial strains were identified according to their fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) analysis by using Sherlock Microbial Identification System (MIS). The identification test results of the bacterial strains were also confirmed by phylogenetic analysis and their closely related species based on the 16S rRNA sequence. The most abundant bacterial species were Paenibacillus alvei (31.57%) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (47.36%) according to the MIS and 16S rRNA sequence analysis results, respectively. According to the MIS results, a total of 6 strains identified as Paenibacillus alvei were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens according to the 16S rRNA sequence analysis results. A total of three Paenibacillus macerans strains identified in MIS system were also identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens according to the 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Morphological and biochemical characteristics results of all of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains showed the some results. According to the 16S rRNA sequence analysis results, the other bacterial strains consist of 1 Bacillus atrophaeus (5.2%), 1 Bacillus safensis (5.2%), 1 Paenibacillus motobuensis (5.2%) and 1 Staphylococcus epidermidis (5.2%) strains. To our knowledge, this is the first study characterizing the bacterial communities of Drosophila suzukii.","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132447623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing Microbial Population Complexity on Hospital Textiles Using DHPLC","authors":"Urška Rozman, Božena Kotnik Kevorkijan, M. Rupnik, S. Š. Turk","doi":"10.13189/ujmr.2018.060201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujmr.2018.060201","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital environment provides an important ecological niche that can serve as a reservoir for potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Hospital textiles together with moisture and heat create the right conditions for growth, dissemination and long-term survival of many microorganisms, which may results in transmission of nosocomial infections. Therefore, understanding of total microbial population on hospital textiles is an important part for assessment of public health risks. In the present work, we tested the suitability of DHPLC for estimation of total microbial population on hospital textiles. All of the identified bacteria belonged to the phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and up to 63 bacterial genera/species were identified. Mostly abundant species important in perspective of HCAI were Acinetobacter spp., Corynebacterium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Sphingomonas mucosissima and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Microbial diversity on hospital textiles was extensive and partly coincides with the intensive care units bacterial communities and pathogens obtained from clinical samples. This is the first study describing total microbial population complexity on hospital textiles, which are important factors contributing to the hospital microbiome.","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116269334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of KPC-Producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Clinical Isolates","authors":"S. Marchi, Ilaria Giovanelli, R. Gargiulo, Daniela Nozzi, A. Barozzi, M. Sarti, R. Iseppi, Immacolata Anacarso, C. Sabia","doi":"10.13189/UJMR.2014.020301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJMR.2014.020301","url":null,"abstract":"The dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC) strains is an increasing problem worldwide. KPC s-lactamases are Ambler class A enzymes mostly plasmid-encoded; their global spread represents a threat to clinical patients care and public health. Between September-December 2012, have been isolated 60 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains that showed a decrease of susceptibility to carbapenems, collected from patients at the Provincial Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology ‘S. Agostino-Estense’ Hospital (Modena, Italy). Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were carried out using the Vitek 2 and studied for carbapenemases production using phenotypic confirmatory tests. The presence of carbapenemase genes were confirmed by PCR and sequencing. The localization of beta-lactamase genes was established by conjugation experiments. We reported the emergence of KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates PCR and sequencing experiments revealed the presence of blaKPC-2 gene in 56/60 isolates. The KPC-encoding plasmid was analysed by transconjugation experiments and DNA sequencing. The findings indicate the need to supplement surveillance systems based on susceptibility data with the surveillance of resistance mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121028585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of in Vitro Efficiency of Electrolyzed Water Against Fungi Species Frequently Detected in Nosocomial Infections","authors":"Nevzat Unal, A. Karadağ, K. Yanık, K. Bilgin, M. Günaydın, A. Birinci","doi":"10.13189/UJMR.2014.020302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJMR.2014.020302","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi are the factors causing nosocomial infections but they are not considered in the first hand still, their importance is gradually increased as they are frequently detected microorganisms. We aimed to determine in vitro efficiency of electrolyzed water on different molds and yeasts. Materials and Methods-In School of Medicine Hospital of Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey, the effect of electrolyzed water produced in Envirolyte (Envirolyte Industries International Ltd., Estonia) device on the yeast fungi and mold fungi in different concentrations and contact period isolated from clinical samples with qualitative suspension test method. As media Sabouraud dextrose agar, and as Dey-Engley Neutralizing broth (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) were used. Results-Envirolyte electrolyzed water was detected to be effective against all yeasts used in the study as well as Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae,Trichosporon spp. and mold; Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger isolates in the concentrations of 1/1, 1/2, 1/5, 1/10 in 1 minute and other testing durations.Based upon the results we acquired, we believe that Envirolyte electrolyzed water is a cheap and easy to obtain and natural disinfectant for controlling the nosocomial infections.","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129760517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of General Bacterial Diseases in Rural Population of Bassi, Near Jaipur","authors":"Tripti Yadav","doi":"10.13189/UJMR.2014.020202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJMR.2014.020202","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial diseases are contagious and can result in many serious or life-threatening complications, such as blood poisoning (bacteremia), kidney failure, and toxic shock syndrome. In diagnosing bacterial infections, the rapid identification of bacteremia at an early stage of the disease is critical for a favorable outcome. Furthermore, it is important that exact information be obtained on the stage of the disease rapidly in order to choose and initiate the appropriate therapy. In recent years many new techniques have been added in the diagnostic tools. The observations were based on a survey carried out in population of Bassi village near Jaipur. It was found that many people were prone to bacterial infections due to unhygienic conditions and improper sanitation. The patients affected which died were basically unconcerned, careless and ignorant. Many patients got hospitalization and some were prescribed oral antibacterials at home. The data showed that maximum number of patients had Salmonellosis, followed by Botulism. 6 Bacterial diseases were common in the human population of Bassi village, near Jaipur.. knowledge of the disease outbreaks further leads to treatment techniques and prevention of deaths in the population. Different types of antibiotics were effective for treating specific types of bacteria. Antibiotics may be given orally, intravenously, or by intramuscular injection, depending on the type and severity of bacterial disease in patients. General types of antibiotics included-Aminoglycosides, Cephalosporins, Macrolides, Quinolones, Penicillins and tetracyclines.","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117038531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Revealing of New Phytopathogenic Bacteria in Ukraine","authors":"Yakovleva L. M., Ogorodnyk L.E.","doi":"10.13189/ujmr.2014.020103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujmr.2014.020103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":124992,"journal":{"name":"Universal Journal of Microbiology Research","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116773501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}