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Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support最新文献

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Transnational Organized Crime 跨国有组织犯罪
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch008
G. Palermo
{"title":"Transnational Organized Crime","authors":"G. Palermo","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch008","url":null,"abstract":"Criminal organizations have opened up to profound global transformations, putting themselves on the financial markets and creating a network in Mafia style. The present contribution intends to offer a framework of transnational criminal organizations, starting from defining aspects, normative forecasts and peculiarities, and then describing the Italian mafias and those of Eastern Europe, China, and Nigeria. Through these analyses the author intends to demonstrate how although Italy is the only country to have introduced “the Mafia Criminal Association” ex Art. 416 bis of the Penal Code, other countries also know this phenomenon. China, Russia, sub-Saharan Africa have given rise to mafia-style criminal organizations, even though they have not legally defined them. Today the branching of these associations at transnational level brings out their mafia values and the need to intervene with the legal and investigative methodology that was first experimented in Italy.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131569603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Fight Against Corruption 反腐败斗争
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch010
Ranieri Razzante
{"title":"The Fight Against Corruption","authors":"Ranieri Razzante","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch010","url":null,"abstract":"Corruption, generally speaking, can be defined as “abuse of power for private gain” that can be classified as grand, petty, and political, depending on the amounts of money lost and the sector where it occurs. Therefore, it is a phenomenon that compromises rule of law, weakens public institutions and democracy, impacting negatively on productivity and economy. Indeed, because of all these implications, it can be analyzed stressing social, economic, politic, or legal perspectives. These features have allowed experts from different fields to investigate the phenomenon, which does not exclusively concern conduct punishable by criminal law, but also conduct that can be considered just an “expression of maladministration” in both the public and private sectors. This chapter seeks to address the legal aspect of corruption. In particular, it overviews the main anti-corruption measures international community has adopted in recent years. By showing the evolution and steps that led to the actual treaty situation, the Authors offer a hint on the goals achieved and those to be achieved.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121199620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psychological Violence 心理暴力
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch004
Maria Gabriella Cairo
{"title":"Psychological Violence","authors":"Maria Gabriella Cairo","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter deals with psychological violence in its most recurrent forms. The author uses the general definition of psychological violence as a starting point to then analyze its manifestations in two different contexts: the professional and private environment. This way, the author wishes to demonstrate that psychological violence is associated with the establishment of a hold, a conditioning, which makes the individual who is subjected to it incapable of recognizing it. It is a process which is developed through typical schemes and which follows a similar pattern in different contexts. The consequences for the victims are numerous. The author analyzes them through a psychosomatic approach which explains why certain diseases develop when individuals are subjected to such pressures. The author also shares the results obtained in her practise of accompanying victims.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124276099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Homophobic Conduct as Normative Masculinity Test 同性恋恐惧症行为作为规范的男性气质测试
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch007
Cirus Rinaldi
{"title":"Homophobic Conduct as Normative Masculinity Test","authors":"Cirus Rinaldi","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch007","url":null,"abstract":"Homophobic violence can be considered as an expressive act. Violent behavior can be considered as anti-homosexual when victims are chosen because they are considered or perceived as homosexual. Following this reasoning, hate crimes as homophobic crimes have a communicative value, since they represent a range of “masculinization” practices within the processes of gender socialization, both in conventional and illegitimate social worlds. Every homophobic act aims to intimidate not just the victim, but the whole group associated with the, whether concretely or merely in the perception of the perpetrator. This chapter will take into account the main research on victimization from an international perspective; it will highlight how both the gender of the perpetrator and the cultural constructions of masculinity(ies), in a heterosexist and hegemonic system, seem to play a fundamental role in producing homophobic and anti-homosexual behaviour.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125515198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Favoring Crime Desistance and Social (Re)Integration of Offenders Through Intersectoral Partnerships 通过跨部门伙伴关系促进犯罪制止和罪犯(再)融入社会
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch019
Natacha Brunelle, J. Carpentier, Sylvie Hamel, Isabelle F.-Dufour, Jocelyn Gadbois
{"title":"Favoring Crime Desistance and Social (Re)Integration of Offenders Through Intersectoral Partnerships","authors":"Natacha Brunelle, J. Carpentier, Sylvie Hamel, Isabelle F.-Dufour, Jocelyn Gadbois","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch019","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this chapter is to show the importance of intersectorality in partnerships to successfully understand and influence the processes of crime desistance and of social and community (re)integration of people subject to judicial control. It begins with an outline of the “what works” and “how it works” movements and provides tools to help understand such notions as crime desistance, (re)integration, trajectories, and intersectorality. After describing the objectives of the (RÉ)SO 16-35 partnered research project, the authors present various intersectoral collaborative initiatives in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada and indicate what, according to the literature, contributed to their development. The chapter concludes with the identification of two central principles in the development of intersectoral partnerships aiming to favor crime desistance and social and community (re)integration trajectories: a culture of dialogue must be instilled, and the initial objective of the project must be kept in mind.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124516172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Family Violence 家庭暴力
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch003
R. Sette
{"title":"Family Violence","authors":"R. Sette","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch003","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from official statistics and surveys on victimization, this chapter aims to estimate the extent of domestic violence against men and examine the contraposition between female aggressors and male victims. More detailed knowledge both of women perpetrators and their male victims is believed to be useful for preparing appropriate programs of rehabilitation for the former as well as effective methods of intervention and help for the victims. The chapter reflects on the fact that, from the point of view of victimology, one of the risks to avoid is that of considering men as “second-class victims,” and from the criminological point of view, it is necessary to gain greater knowledge of the figure of the abusive woman, as well as focusing attention on the social representations of domestic violence.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123306663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Online Child Pornography 网上儿童色情
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch013
Giorgia Macilotti
{"title":"Online Child Pornography","authors":"Giorgia Macilotti","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents some challenges faced by the police in identifying child pornography images. In particular, three main problems will be discussed throughout this chapter. The first lies in deciding whether an image is explicit enough to be considered pornographic. The second issue lies in determining whether the victim is a child or someone who appears to be a child. A final challenge concerns how to deal with sexually explicit images produced by someone who is a child themselves. It will be argued that despite emerging investigative and forensic methods, the decision-making process engaged in by police officers still presents some specific challenges. These aspects will be discussed through an analysis of semi-structured interviews with 23 French police officers and forensic analysts working in departments specialising in policing cybercrime and online child sexual abuse.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130483677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Criminality 犯罪行为
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch001
Augusto Balloni
{"title":"Criminality","authors":"Augusto Balloni","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch001","url":null,"abstract":"From an initial analysis relative to the spread of crime, some theories on the causes of criminal behavior are reviewed. After having underlined that many theoretical hypotheses on criminal conduct are not fully satisfactory because they do not offer data and elements useful to concretely evaluate behavior in criminology, the proposal is, especially for prevention, to refer to the theories in the field of psychology linked to the research by K. Lewin and his followers, through action-research. An attempt has been made to re-propose the approach proposed by K. Lewin, believing that this perspective can open up new horizons regarding both scientific research and practical applications, especially in relation to programming a more attentive interpretation and prevention of the crime. This proposal is based on personal experiences in the psychiatric-criminological field, applying research-action.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131795322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Criminological Treatment of Abusing Partners 虐待伴侣的犯罪学治疗
Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch024
G. Travaini, P. Caruso, Enrica Beringheli, I. Merzagora
{"title":"Criminological Treatment of Abusing Partners","authors":"G. Travaini, P. Caruso, Enrica Beringheli, I. Merzagora","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1286-9.ch024","url":null,"abstract":"Criminological rehabilitative treatments of abusive partners have always been considered of key importance from a preventive point of view. Criminological research, and our experience as criminologists, has proved that even the most abusive partners—including uxoricides—after their convictions repeat the same violent relationship pattern. That said, the Chair of Criminology (University of Milan) set up the first action and research program in Italy offering treatment for perpetrators of domestic violence, called S.A.Vi.D. (Stop Alla Violenza Domestica – an Italian acronym meaning: Stopping Domestic Violence) in 2010. Information about all the subjects treated will also be described and discussed: age, legal status motives, offender behavior prior to treatment, whether and how behavior changed after treatment.","PeriodicalId":124751,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132103475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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