J. Santarius, G. Kulcinski, R. Ashley, D. R. Boris, B. Cipiti, S. K. Murali, G. Piefer, R. Radel, I. E. Radel, A. Wehmeyer
{"title":"Experimental Results","authors":"J. Santarius, G. Kulcinski, R. Ashley, D. R. Boris, B. Cipiti, S. K. Murali, G. Piefer, R. Radel, I. E. Radel, A. Wehmeyer","doi":"10.1017/9781108766425.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108766425.006","url":null,"abstract":"A magnetic deflection energy analyzer and Faraday trap diagnostic have been used to make measurements of divergent deuterium anion flow in the inertial electrostatic confinement experiment at the University of Wisconsin – Madison (UW – IEC) [J. F. Santarius, G. L. Kulcinski, R. P. Ashley, D. R. Boris, B. B. Cipiti, S. K. Murali, G. R. Piefer, R. F. Radel, I. E. Radel, and A. L. Wehmeyer, Fusion Sci. Technol. 47, 1238 (2005)]. This device confines high energy light ions in a spherically symmetric, electrostatic potential well. Deuterium anion current densities as high as 8.5 μA/cm2 have been measured at the wall of the UW-IEC device, 40 cm from the surface of the device cathode with a detector assembly of admittance area 0.7 cm2. Energy spectra obtained using a magnetic deflection energy analyzer diagnostic indicate the presence of D2, and Dions produced through thermal electron attachment near the device cathode, as well as Dions produced via charge transfer processes between the anode and cathode of the device. Introduction Experimental Results D. R. Boris, G. L. Kulcinski, J. F. Santarius University of Wisconsin-Madison Fusion Technology Institute Conclusion Using a magnetic deflection energy analyzer, deuterium anions resultant from both charge transfer and thermal electron attachment processes have been measured in the UW IEC device. In addition, long lived molecular deuterium anions have been measured with metastable lifetimes of at least 0.5 μs. These molecular anions were detected with the full cathode energy, indicating that they originated near the hot cathode at the center of the IEC device. A Faraday trap diagnostic was used to corroborate the data from the magnetic deflection energy analyzer and to make measurements of deuterium anion current at two positions around the UW IEC device. This diagnostic indicated that the deuterium anion current was highly variable with angular position, indicating a strong dependence on device geometry. In addition anion current densities of 8.5 μA/cm2 were measured with the Farday trap. Further work is recommended to more definitively map the angular dependence of deuterium anion intensity, and to determine the extent to which IEC devices can produce molecular hydrogenic anions. Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Schematic Hydrogen anions are a much studied subject that holds important implications for ion sources involved in high energy accelerators, ion beam surface treatments, as well as neutral beam injection schemes for fusion plasmas There are two processes of hydrogen anion formation that are particularly relevant for IEC devices, thermal electron attachment and charge transfer. (1) Thermal electron attachment where the meta-stable lifetime τ = ~1 fs to ~1 ms depending on rotational state of the molecular anion. (2) (3) Charge Transfer (4) process relevant at energies > few keV (5) Contact Information: Dave Boris: drboris@wisc.edu D D D e D m + → → + − − ) ( 2 2 D D D D D 2 2 2 3 + + → + + − + D","PeriodicalId":123229,"journal":{"name":"Language and Online Identities","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124548220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Implications and Future Directions","authors":"Tim D. Grant, N. Macleod","doi":"10.1017/9781108766425.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108766425.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":123229,"journal":{"name":"Language and Online Identities","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122569610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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