MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342517
Alan Ferrari, D. Puccinelli, S. Giordano
{"title":"Characterization of the impact of resource availability on opportunistic computing","authors":"Alan Ferrari, D. Puccinelli, S. Giordano","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342517","url":null,"abstract":"With opportunistic computing, devices are no longer restricted to using their own services and resources, but can access services and resources made available by other devices. The performance of opportunistic computing is greatly affected by the resource topology in the network: what resources/services are available, as well as when and where they can be tapped. This paper presents a preliminary investigation of the impact of the resource availability on the performance of opportunistic computing. Specifically, we propose a metric called Expected Resource Availability, ERA, that attempts to capture the impact of the topology of services and resources.\u0000 The ERA offers a proxy for the applicability of opportunistic computing schemes to a given network: if the ERA is low, any opportunistic scheme can be expected to fail due to a sheer lack of resources and/or connectivity among them. On the other hand, if the ERA is high, success can be expected. To gain perspective on the properties of the ERA, we tackle the problem of service allocation in opportunistic computing, which suffers to combinatorial explosion when looking for the optimal solution. We also present some preliminary simulation results that confirm the validity of the ERA as a metric to gauge whether opportunistic computing can be achieved in a given network.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133353978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342513
F. Bonomi, R. Milito, Jiang Zhu, Sateesh Addepalli
{"title":"Fog computing and its role in the internet of things","authors":"F. Bonomi, R. Milito, Jiang Zhu, Sateesh Addepalli","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342513","url":null,"abstract":"Fog Computing extends the Cloud Computing paradigm to the edge of the network, thus enabling a new breed of applications and services. Defining characteristics of the Fog are: a) Low latency and location awareness; b) Wide-spread geographical distribution; c) Mobility; d) Very large number of nodes, e) Predominant role of wireless access, f) Strong presence of streaming and real time applications, g) Heterogeneity. In this paper we argue that the above characteristics make the Fog the appropriate platform for a number of critical Internet of Things (IoT) services and applications, namely, Connected Vehicle, Smart Grid, Smart Cities, and, in general, Wireless Sensors and Actuators Networks (WSANs).","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127815917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342520
Rasool Fakoor, M. Raj, Azade Nazi, M. D. Francesco, Sajal K. Das
{"title":"An integrated cloud-based framework for mobile phone sensing","authors":"Rasool Fakoor, M. Raj, Azade Nazi, M. D. Francesco, Sajal K. Das","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342520","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays mobile phones are not only communication devices, but also a source of rich sensory data that can be collected and exploited by distributed people-centric sensing applications. Among them, environmental monitoring and emergency response systems can particularly benefit from people-based sensing. Due to the limited resources of mobile devices, sensed data are usually offloaded to the cloud. However, state-of-the art solutions lack a unified approach suitable to support diverse applications, while reducing the energy consumption of the mobile device. In this paper, we specifically address mobile devices as rich sources of multi-modal data collected by users. In this context, we propose an integrated framework for storing, processing and delivering sensed data to people-centric applications deployed in the cloud. Our integrated platform is the foundation of a new delivery model, namely, Mobile Application as a Service (MAaaS), which allows the creation of people-centric applications across different domains, including participatory sensing and mobile social networks. We specifically address a case study represented by an emergency response system for fire detection and alerting. Through a prototype testbed implementation, we show that the proposed framework can reduce the energy consumption of mobile devices, while satisfying the application requirements.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127311149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342514
R. Bifulco, M. Brunner, R. Canonico, P. Hasselmeyer, F. Mir
{"title":"Scalability of a mobile cloud management system","authors":"R. Bifulco, M. Brunner, R. Canonico, P. Hasselmeyer, F. Mir","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342514","url":null,"abstract":"Ubiquitous network access allows people to access an ever increasing range of services from a variety of mobile terminals, including laptops, tablets and smartphones. A flexible and economically efficient way of provisioning such services is through Cloud Computing. Assuming that several cloud-enabled datacenters are made available at the edges of the Internet, service providers may take advantage of them by optimally locating service instances as close as possible to their users. By localizing traffic at the edges of access networks, such an approach may result beneficial for both service and network providers. In this paper we present Follow-Me Cloud (FMC), a technology developed at NEC Laboratories Europe that allows transparent migration of services in TCP/IP networks, thanks to the dynamic configuration of a set of coordinated OpenFlow switches located at the edge of the network. In particular, in this paper we analyze the scalability properties of an FMC-based system and propose a role separation strategy based on distribution of control plane functions which enables scale-out of the system. By means of simulation, we prove that the application of the proposed separation strategy results in less state retained by individual OpenFlow controllers and in more effective localization of network traffic.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124933152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342516
Heungsik Eom, P. S. Juste, R. Figueiredo, Omesh Tickoo, R. Illikkal, R. Iyer
{"title":"SNARF: a social networking-inspired accelerator remoting framework","authors":"Heungsik Eom, P. S. Juste, R. Figueiredo, Omesh Tickoo, R. Illikkal, R. Iyer","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342516","url":null,"abstract":"The diminishing size and battery requirements of mobile devices restrict the scope of computations possible on such devices and motivate approaches that support the selective offloading of computations to remote resources. With a variety of resources available to potentially host offloaded computations -- such as cloud-provisioned resources, and devices within a user's personal or social network -- a key challenge lies in architecting a framework that enables applications to seamlessly discover available services, effectively and securely communicate with them, and be presented with API interfaces that hide the complexities associated with managing the interactions with a remote device from applications and present the abstraction of a local device. In this paper, we outline a framework that addresses these challenges by layering APIs and an offload infrastructure upon a virtual networking substrate that supports TCP/IP networking and widely-used resource discovery protocols. An intelligent runtime scheduling layer monitors the execution environment and provides opportunistic remote offloads based on the performance requirements, offload benefits and expendable power. We demonstrate the feasibility of the approach through experiments that evaluate end-to-end application execution times and energy consumption in offloaded mobile devices, as well as the ability to support universal plug-and-play (UPnP) resource discovery in both local- and wide-area environments.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126874367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342511
Kyu-Han Kim, Sung-Ju Lee, Paul Congdon
{"title":"On cloud-centric network architecture for multi-dimensional mobility","authors":"Kyu-Han Kim, Sung-Ju Lee, Paul Congdon","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342511","url":null,"abstract":"Despite pervasive deployment of wireless networks, maintaining seamless mobile connectivity within a set of local devices and to the remote cloud is still challenging. The crux of this challenge stems from the simultaneous interplay of multiple dimensions of a user's mobility - users frequently move between multiple access networks, mobile devices and unique personas. We identify new trends and challenges in providing rich mobile connectivity to mobile users. We then propose a novel Cloud-centric Architecture for Rich Mobile Experience Networking, called Carmen. Carmen is a distributed system that manages the mobile connectivity of a set of devices belonging to a particular individual, which we call the mobile personal grid (MPG). Carmen enables the MPG to efficiently collect context from a mobile user and coordinate key system resources across the MPG and cloud. We present new design principles and functional components of Carmen. In addition, we show our system prototype of Carmen's resource monitoring infrastructure to demonstrate its feasibility and benefits in improving the mobile user's networking experience.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122710140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342515
Cong Shi, M. Ammar, E. Zegura, M. Naik
{"title":"Computing in cirrus clouds: the challenge of intermittent connectivity","authors":"Cong Shi, M. Ammar, E. Zegura, M. Naik","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342515","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile devices are increasingly being relied on for tasks that go beyond simple connectivity and demand more complex processing. The primary approach in wide use today uses cloud computing resources to off-load the \"heavy lifting\" to specially designated servers when they are well connected. In reality, a mobile device often encounters, albeit intermittently, many entities capable of lending computational resources. In this work-in-progress paper we first give an overview of this environment, which we call a Cirrus Cloud due to its intermittent connectivity feature, and explain how it provides a spectrum of computational contexts for remote computation in a mobile environment. An ultimately successful system will need to have the flexibility to handle intermittent connectivity and use a mix of options on that spectrum. We investigate two scenarios at the extremes of the spectrum: 1) a scenario where a mobile device experiences intermittent connectivity to a central cloud computing resource, and 2) a scenario where a mobile device off-loads computation to other mobile devices it might meet intermittently. We present preliminary designs, implementations, and evaluations of systems that enable a mobile application to use remote computational resources to speedup computing and conserve energy in these scenarios. The preliminary results show the effectiveness of our systems and demonstrate the potential of computing in Cirrus Clouds.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130269659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342521
Sougata Sen, Archan Misra, R. Balan, Lipyeow Lim
{"title":"The case for cloud-enabled mobile sensing services","authors":"Sougata Sen, Archan Misra, R. Balan, Lipyeow Lim","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342521","url":null,"abstract":"We make the case for cloud-enabled mobile sensing services that support an emerging application class, one which infers near-real time collective context using sensor data obtained continuously from a large set of consumer mobile devices. We present the high-level architecture and functional requirements for such a mobile sensing service, and argue that such a service can significantly improve the scalability and energy-efficiency of large-scale mobile sensing by coordinating the sensing & processing tasks across multiple devices. We then focus specifically on the problem of energy-efficiency and provide early exemplars of how optimizing query execution jointly over multiple phones can lead to substantial energy savings.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122312160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-17DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342522
Weixiong Rao, Kai Zhao, Eemil Lagerspetz, Pan Hui, S. Tarkoma
{"title":"Energy-aware keyword search on mobile phones","authors":"Weixiong Rao, Kai Zhao, Eemil Lagerspetz, Pan Hui, S. Tarkoma","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342522","url":null,"abstract":"With the explosive growth of communication technologies, modern mobile phones become more powerful than ever. Unfortunately, the battery lifetime of mobile phones is still limited, and energy awareness is a priority of designing applications on mobile phones. To demonstrate the energy awareness on mobile phones, we propose a new approach for full-text keyword searches to retrieve content matching input keywords. The proposed approach generalizes the two solutions that answer the keyword searches either (i) locally by mobile phones themselves or (ii) remotely by power servers when the keywords are offloaded to such servers. Instead, for low energy, we propose to split the keywords in a search into two subsets, such that one subset is processed by the mobile phone and another by the remote server. Our preliminary experiment results indicate the hybrid approach can save the most energy for the keyword searches than the local and remote approaches. In our example tests, energy of the hybrid approach saves 75% and 47% of energy when compared to local execution and complete offloading approaches, respectively.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131937553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MCC '12Pub Date : 2012-08-01DOI: 10.1145/2342509.2342519
Swarun Kumar, Shyamnath Gollakota, D. Katabi
{"title":"A cloud-assisted design for autonomous driving","authors":"Swarun Kumar, Shyamnath Gollakota, D. Katabi","doi":"10.1145/2342509.2342519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2342509.2342519","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents Carcel, a cloud-assisted system for autonomous driving. Carcel enables the cloud to have access to sensor data from autonomous vehicles as well as the roadside infrastructure. The cloud assists autonomous vehicles that use this system to avoid obstacles such as pedestrians and other vehicles that may not be directly detected by sensors on the vehicle. Further, Carcel enables vehicles to plan efficient paths that account for unexpected events such as road-work or accidents.\u0000 We evaluate a preliminary prototype of Carcel on a state-of-the-art autonomous driving system in an outdoor testbed including an autonomous golf car and six iRobot Create robots. Results show that Carcel reduces the average time vehicles need to detect obstacles such as pedestrians by 4.6x compared to today's systems that do not have access to the cloud.","PeriodicalId":122793,"journal":{"name":"MCC '12","volume":"4 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115604885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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