Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry最新文献

Review on Epidemiology, Control and Public Health Importance of Bovine Fasciolosis 牛片形吸虫病流行病学、控制及公共卫生重要性综述

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-08-21 DOI: 10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1082

Feyisa Tt

{"title":"Review on Epidemiology, Control and Public Health Importance of Bovine Fasciolosis","authors":"Feyisa Tt","doi":"10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1082","url":null,"abstract":"Fascioliasis is a trematode zoonotic snail-borne disease of public health and economic importance. Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease that affects most population of cattle and it exists in almost all parts of the world. It is caused by commonly known species of liver fluke that are Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, which mainly affects domestic ruminants. Fasciolosis is more apparent in young cattle and is usually chronic in nature. Adult flukes in the bile ducts cause inflammation, biliary obstruction, distraction of liver tissue and anemia. Fasciolosis is the major burden for Animal production and by direct or indirect economic losses at different part of our country. Diagnosis of fasciolosis is based primarily on clinical signs and seasonal occurrence in endemic areas but previous history of fasciolosis on the farm or identification of snail habitats; postmortem examinations, hematological tests and examination of faeces for fluke eggs are useful. The life cycle of Fasciola spp. is a typical of digenetic treamatodes. Eggs laid by the adult parasite in the bile ducts of their hosts pass into the duodenum with the bile. The life cycle of Fasciola goes through the intermediate host and several developmental stages in the intermediate host. On a herd basis, clinical signs of fluke infection are usually vague (i.e., reduced productivity) and can be difficult to differentiate from the effects of less-thanoptimal management or other chronic disease conditions. Transmission of fasciolosis infection is depending on the presence of “lymnea snail”, host and final host. Among many parasitic problems of farm animals, fasciolosis is a major disease which imposes economic impact on livestock production particularly of cattle and sheep and it has public health importance as it have zoonotic value.","PeriodicalId":106837,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115640448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology of Blackleg Disease in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚黑腿病的流行病学

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-08-20 DOI: 10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1081

G. N.

{"title":"Epidemiology of Blackleg Disease in Ethiopia","authors":"G. N.","doi":"10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1081","url":null,"abstract":"Blackleg is an infectious bacterial disease of cattle and rarely of other ruminants. This bacteria is caused by Clostridium chauvoei which is an anaerobic, gram positive, motile, rod-shaped bacillus bacterium and persists in the soil as resistant spores. Blackleg is an acute or subacute but chronic disease may occur. It occurs most frequently in animals 6-24 months of age and the disease mainly affects none vaccinated as well as animals in good nutritional condition. It produces persistent spores when conditions are not ideal and spores are highly resistant to environmental factors and disinfectants. Infected ruminants do not directly transmit the disease to other animals. The bacteria enter the body through the alimentary mucosa after ingestion of contaminated feed. Secretion of cytolytic toxins that cause necrosis of vascular endothelia .The toxins are absorbed into the animal’s bloodstream which makes the animal acutely sick and causes rapid death. Economic importance due to blackleg is loss of animals, milk production and draft oxen, and cost for treatment and vaccination. Fatality rate of blackleg in fully susceptible populations approaches 100%. Clinical Signs include lethargy anorexia, reluctance to move lameness and recumbence. When superficial muscles are affected, swelling and crepitus are evident. Cattle found dead of blackleg are lying on the side with the affected hind limb stands out stiffly, bloating and putrefaction occur quickly and bloodstained from exudates, nostrils and anus. The disease can be diagnosed using laboratory diagnosis, Immune Fluorescent, Cell Culture and PCR. Control and prevention relies mainly on vaccination.","PeriodicalId":106837,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133811558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sero Status and Presumed Risk Factors Assessment for Bovine Herpesvirus-1 in North Western, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西北部牛疱疹病毒-1血清状况和推定危险因素评估

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-08-07 DOI: 10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1080

Zewde D, Tadesse T, A. S

{"title":"Sero Status and Presumed Risk Factors Assessment for Bovine Herpesvirus-1 in North Western, Ethiopia","authors":"Zewde D, Tadesse T, A. S","doi":"10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1080","url":null,"abstract":"A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 on a total of 442 randomly selected indigenous zebus (bos indicus) of extensively and semi-intensively managed cattle’s. These cattle’s were sampled from East Gojam (n=137), west Gojam (n=160) and Awi zone (n=145) north western part of Ethiopia. Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immune-Sorbent Assay (I-ELISA) was used to detect antibodies specific to Bovine Herpes Virus-1 (BoHV-1). The relationship of the categories under the variables was analyzed using a chisquare descriptive statistic. Logistic regression analyses were also used to assess potential predictive factors associated with the outcome variable. An overall animal level sero-prevalence of BoHV-1 antibodies were 77.6% (95% CI: 73.5-81.3%) for the present study. In a random-effects of an adjusted logistic regression model, geographically the sero-prevalence of BoHV-1 exposure was higher for cattle’s from East Gojam (Odds ratio [OR] =0.2; p=0.002) than in Awi zone (OR=1.4; p=0.377) and West Gojam. The likelihood of disease occurrence for introduced cattle’s were relatively higher (OR=0.4; p= 0.001) than homebred. Age of cattle’s and parity status of heifers/cows were significantly associated with BoHV-1 infection (p<0.001). The risk of infection was also positively correlated with the occurrence of respiratory problem (OR=2.2; P=0.048). Thus, this result signifies that BoHV-1 is widely circulating among the indigenous zebus in the study areas. Given that there was no BoHV-1 vaccination delivery in the study area and in the country as a whole, control and prevention measures using marker vaccines were highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":106837,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122951332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review on Veterinary Drug Management, Handling, Utilization and Its Resistance Side Effects 兽药管理、处理、利用及耐药副作用研究进展

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-07-29 DOI: 10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1079

M. a

{"title":"A Review on Veterinary Drug Management, Handling, Utilization and Its Resistance Side Effects","authors":"M. a","doi":"10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.2021.1079","url":null,"abstract":"Veterinary drugs play an important role in the control and prevention of animal diseases and animal sufferings, however it have the potential to cause harm if it is not used properly. Successful animal health service provision needs the availability of safe, effective and affordable drugs of the required quality and quantity. The available drugs must be prescribed, presented, transported, dispensed, labeled, packaged, measured and used rationally. Rational use of drugs in veterinary medicine has manifold significance; it can be either public health significance, improve food safety concern, reduce the development of drug resistance and residue or economic significance; the need to rely on more expensive drugs and international trade barrier. The potential public health hazard as a result of irrational drug use in food animals includes limited efficacy, increase risk of unwanted effects such as the emergence of drug resistance and drug residue, waste of resources and psychosocial impacts. Irrational drug using is characterized by over-prescription, inappropriate dosage, incorrect duration and unnecessary risk. There are several reasons which may contribute to irrational use of drugs. Some of them are lack of information, inadequate training and education of graduates of veterinary medicine, poor communication between veterinarian and owner, lack of diagnostic facilities, demand from the animal owner, and promotional activities of pharmaceutical industries. This paper had induced to document and aware procedures and necessary activities to have rational drug use, and it would helps to have proper drug measurement and dose calculation as well as it tell us about 0drug resistance and its public health effects. Over all This review hoped that as it would be help to animal health professionals and enhance the quality of veterinary pharmaceutical services so that decrease the economic loss and public health hazard due to diseases of livestock and protects the impacts of drug resistance and its residue.","PeriodicalId":106837,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123175257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to Deal with Antibiotic Resistance? 如何应对抗生素耐药性?

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-04-29 DOI: 10.26420/AUSTINJVETSCIANIMHUSB.2021.1077

B. H, Wang L, Khan Mn, Yang X

引用次数: 0

Knockdown of ANGPTL4 May Reduce the Expression of LPL during Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte 下调ANGPTL4可降低3T3-L1前脂肪细胞分化过程中LPL的表达

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.26420/AUSTINJVETSCIANIMHUSB.2021.1076

X. Zhao, F. Zhang, Y. Liu, H. Liu, C. Wang, H. Ao, K. Xing

引用次数: 0

Effect of Liposome Curcumin Combined with PDGF-BB on Tendon Healing in Rats 脂质体姜黄素联合PDGF-BB对大鼠肌腱愈合的影响

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-03-20 DOI: 10.26420/AUSTINJVETSCIANIMHUSB.2021.1075

Wang Tl, Wu Wj, Guimarães Jx, Hou Xr

引用次数: 0

Effects of Egg Size and Different Levels of Humidity during Incubation Period on the Embryonic Development, Hatching Percentage and Chicks Yield of Broiler Breeder 鸡蛋大小和孵化期不同湿度对肉种鸡胚胎发育、孵化率和雏鸡产量的影响

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2021-03-02 DOI: 10.26420/AUSTINJVETSCIANIMHUSB.2021.1074

M. Bassareh, Rezaeipour

{"title":"Effects of Egg Size and Different Levels of Humidity during Incubation Period on the Embryonic Development, Hatching Percentage and Chicks Yield of Broiler Breeder","authors":"M. Bassareh, Rezaeipour","doi":"10.26420/AUSTINJVETSCIANIMHUSB.2021.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/AUSTINJVETSCIANIMHUSB.2021.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of humidity and egg size on the hatchability, embryonic development and chicks yield in ROSS 308 broiler breeder flock. Methodology: The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 3×3 factorial arrangement. The treatments involved three levels of wet bulb humidity (°F WB) including 82, 82.5 and 83°F and three different egg sizes including small, medium or large. Results: The main effect of humidity level on the total and fertile hatchability (%) as well as the weight of one-day-old chicks were significant (P<0.05). Treatment with humidity of 82.5°F enhanced total and fertile hatchability, while humidity of 83°F increased one-day-old chick weight (P<0.05).A better total and fertile hatchability (%), fertility (%), chick yield (%) was observed in medium egg size group (P<0.05). However, the chick weight was greater in large egg size group (P<0.05). The lowest embryonic mortality was belong to medium egg size treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, it was concluded that humidity of 82.5°F as well as the medium egg size showed a better impact on the incubation performance.","PeriodicalId":106837,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125096551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Review on Methane Emission from Dairy Farms and Its Impact on Global Warming 奶牛养殖场甲烷排放及其对全球变暖的影响研究综述

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.1052.2019

A. Seid

{"title":"Review on Methane Emission from Dairy Farms and Its Impact on Global Warming","authors":"A. Seid","doi":"10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.1052.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjvetscianimhusb.1052.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Methane is the main important greenhouse gas that emitted into the atmosphere by livestock during the process of enteric fermentation and manure management. Developing countries produce a large quantity of those emissions, caused mainly by inefficient animal rearing systems, feed production and manure management. Methane is emitted from livestock in developing countries and the mitigation actions that could be put in place to reduce atmospheric emissions and increase animal productivity. Developing countries are characterized by low Greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere and their potential impact on global climate have become important concerns world-wide. The impact of methane in industrialized countries, the situation is the opposite of developing countries. Livestock production systems, such as dairy farms, provide in both sinks and sources for greenhouse gas. Methane is produced during the anaerobic fermentation of hydrolyzed dietary carbohydrates in the rumen and represents an energy loss to the host besides contributing to emissions of greenhouse gases into the environment. The methane mitigation strategies require robust prediction of emissions from rumen. Therefore, improved feeding systems in dairy farms and provision of knowledge about methane emission transfer to dairy farmers are some of control strategies which contributes in methane gas reduction.","PeriodicalId":106837,"journal":{"name":"Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry","volume":"406 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117097199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Ingestion and In vivo Digestibility of Pennisetum purpureum Supplemented with Graded Level of Arachis glabrata in Guinea Pigs (Cavia Porcellus) 紫毛狼尾草在豚鼠饲料中添加分级水平光花生的摄食量及体内消化率

Austin Journal of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.26420/AUSTINJVETSCIANIMHUSB.2019.1050

E. Miégoué

引用次数: 5