Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science最新文献

Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Poultry 家禽转基因与基因组编辑

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76961

Y. Hwang, J. Han

引用次数: 2

Detection and Utility of Genetic Variation in Chinese Local Chicken Breeds 中国地方鸡品种遗传变异的检测与利用

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77028

R. Han, Zhuanjian Li, Yaping Guo, Xiangnan Wang

{"title":"Detection and Utility of Genetic Variation in Chinese Local Chicken Breeds","authors":"R. Han, Zhuanjian Li, Yaping Guo, Xiangnan Wang","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77028","url":null,"abstract":"China has a wide variety of indigenous chicken breeds. Most of these local chicken varieties have valuable genetic features. These resources could provide valuable breeding material for the poultry industry in China and even for the rest of the world. Assessment of genetic differences of these important chicken genetic resources is an important prerequisite to establish efficient conservation and utilization. Up to now, several types of genetic variations have been identified across genomes, and the area of genetic variation in the chicken genome seems to be a rapidly growing research topic in China. These research data can also provide additional evidence for our understanding of chicken genome variation, developing molecular markers, and elucidating the association between genetic variations and pheno- types in the future. This chapter reviews the research progress of molecular genetic variation in Chinese native chicken breeds in recent years. with Chr. Z 67.1 – 72.3 Mb as the core region, on the two pools by targeted next-generation sequencing at target region. By SHOREmap and differences observed in mutation sites analysis, we mapped the inhibitor of dermal melanin (Id) gene at the interval for 71.58 – 72.18 Mb of chromosome Z in chicken, which reduced the interval of inhibitor of dermal melanin gene and laid the foundation for mutation of willow shank in chicken. According to the results of linkage analysis, expression of tissue, and biological information, we conclude that the CDKN2A/B gene was the candidate gene of inhibitor of dermal melanin gene in chicken (not public).","PeriodicalId":103704,"journal":{"name":"Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132533424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flavor of Poultry Meat: A New Look at an Old Issue 家禽肉的味道:一个老问题的新观点

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78286

H. Takahashi

{"title":"Flavor of Poultry Meat: A New Look at an Old Issue","authors":"H. Takahashi","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78286","url":null,"abstract":"In Japan, fast-growing broiler occupies over 90% of poultry meat production. Meanwhile, many of Japanese native breeds of chickens are on the verge of annihilation, because most of them have low meat yield and egg production. Recently, meat flavor produced from native chickens has been reevaluated in the Japanese market. Most high-quality chickens, “Jidori” in Japanese, were initially bred by crossing native Japanese breeds with highly selected lines with rapid growth rate or relatively high egg production. Japanese consumers recognize that the meat from Jidori chickens is more palatable than that from broiler chickens; however, the reason behind this rich flavor of Jidori meat has not been elucidated. We found that (1) the high arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4n-6) content is a characteristic feature of Hinai-jidori meat, (2) chicken meat containing higher levels of ARA is more palatable than that containing low ARA content, and (3) single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase 1 and 2 gene cluster are associated with ARA content in meat. Our findings predict the beginning of a new era that the flavor of com - mercial chicken meat can be designed according to a commercial breeding program.","PeriodicalId":103704,"journal":{"name":"Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114664045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Adenoviruses and Their Diversity in Poultry 家禽腺病毒及其多样性

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77131

J. Niczyporuk

{"title":"Adenoviruses and Their Diversity in Poultry","authors":"J. Niczyporuk","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77131","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation into the aetiology of fowl adenovirus strains and their distribution worldwide in populations of poultry flocks industry has been conducted. Pathogenic role of the viruses is not always clear. They can cause latent infection or several diseases and are the reason of economic losses in poultry flock industry. Ubiquity of adenovirus strains was commonly described, and stand-alone pathogenicity for a long time has been disputed. A globally emerging trend of adenoviruses and adenovirus-associated diseases has been increasing from year to year in all over the world. Mainly, type FAdV-4 is responsible for hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (HP), type FAdV-1 for gizzard erosion and ulceration (GEU), and types FAdV-2, 8a, 8b, and 11 seem to be responsible for inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). Defining the spreading of the avian adenovirus strains in different types of fowl profile production, recognising their property and determining their types and molecular characterisation are very important from the epidemiological point of view and are considered as excellent basis for vaccine development and gene therapy implementation. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of FAdVs, including their epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic, detection, and molecular characterisation. This comprehensive review is needed to better understand the latest progress in study of the viruses and prospects regarding disease control and implementation of gene therapy.","PeriodicalId":103704,"journal":{"name":"Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117075077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Analyses of the Polymorphisms in E. coli Strains Associated with Heat-Shock Proteins Hsp 55 Isolated from Bird Feathers 鸟类羽毛热休克蛋白hsp55相关大肠杆菌菌株的多态性分析

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77124

K. Cybulska, S. M. Oraibi, A. Miskiewicz, AnnaMisiewicz, Paweł Kowalczyk

{"title":"Analyses of the Polymorphisms in E. coli Strains Associated with Heat-Shock Proteins Hsp 55 Isolated from Bird Feathers","authors":"K. Cybulska, S. M. Oraibi, A. Miskiewicz, AnnaMisiewicz, Paweł Kowalczyk","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77124","url":null,"abstract":"The bird feathers are often colonized by pathogenic microorganisms including mainly bacteria of the E. coli species. There is a grooving evidence that due to colonization of the pathogenic bacteria after slaughter material may lead to different zoonosis diseases that endanger human health. Poultry diseases are a very important issue both economically and epidemiologically in each country. Currently, in practice, EU postmortem monitor- ing programs are often used to eliminate breeding poultry infected with different patho genic microorganisms, e.g., E. coli by introducing mandatory bird vaccination. The article describes the combination of genetic and genomic methods that were used in the analysis of species specificity of strains and their genomes, including specific pathogenic bacte ria in bird feathers. The aim of the study was (i) to investigate DNA polymorphisms of the obtained bacterial strains isolated from avian feathers (ii) obtaining recombinant Hsp55 protein and defining its role as a potential component of vaccines used in poultry diseases. For the detection and analysis of DNA polymorphisms, we have optimized a new innovative method based on the deficiencies of three molecular techniques, AFLP, PCR-MP, and PCR MP. This new method can be a useful tool used in the genotyping of bacterial E. coli serotypes present on avian feathers after the slaughter process. It also allows to effectively identify a number of early stages of infectious diseases from hetero - geneous avian research material. Amplification of polymorphic regions was achieved by using a lower denaturation temperature of the primers and a reduction in the number of cycles in the classical PCR, which simplifies the procedure, preserving the quality and reproducibility of the obtained results. Research of recombinant Hsp55 protein has allowed us to determine the optimal conditions for its production by the classical meth- ods used in proteomic analysis. other repeatability of methods PCR","PeriodicalId":103704,"journal":{"name":"Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125161459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetics of Disease Resistance in Chicken 鸡抗病基因的研究

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77088

M. Dar, Peerzada Tajamul Mumtaz, Shakil AhmadBhat, Mudasar Nabi, Qamar Taban, R. Shah, H. Khan, S. M. Ahmad

{"title":"Genetics of Disease Resistance in Chicken","authors":"M. Dar, Peerzada Tajamul Mumtaz, Shakil AhmadBhat, Mudasar Nabi, Qamar Taban, R. Shah, H. Khan, S. M. Ahmad","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77088","url":null,"abstract":"Although poultry industry has gained momentum during the last few decades, there are still various impediments like improper infrastructure, unscientific management and above all various deadly infectious diseases which incur huge economic losses on poultry industry. These diseases include viral diseases like Avian Influenza, Marek’s Disease, New Castle disease and bacterial diseases like Colibacillosis, Pasteurellosis and Salmonellosis, etc. Development of disease resistant poultry has been found suc-cessful practice over the use of drugs or vaccines for disease control. Studies involving genome wide associations to figure out certain candidate genes that are involved in dis ease resistance have also been carried out. Single nucleotide polymorphism studies to unveil the mechanisms underlying disease resistance in chicken show that SNPs and other candidate gene approaches play a vital role in providing disease resistance. Also, understanding the genes and biological pathways that confer genetic resistance to various infections will lead towards the development of more resistant commercial poultry flocks or improved vaccines against various diseases. This chapter shall focus on various factors involved in disease resistance in chicken that interact with the pathogen and pro- vide resistance against the pathogen.","PeriodicalId":103704,"journal":{"name":"Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125241540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Selection Methods in Poultry Breeding: From Genetics to Genomics 家禽育种中的选择方法:从遗传学到基因组学

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77966

V. Saxena, G. Kolluri

{"title":"Selection Methods in Poultry Breeding: From Genetics to Genomics","authors":"V. Saxena, G. Kolluri","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77966","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific and technological advancements have led to great expansion of poultry sector in last few decades. The development of genetically superior stocks capable of higher production, even under adverse climatic conditions, has transformed poultry from rural farming to full-fledged industry within 30–35 years. Increase in production volume and productivity per bird may largely be attributed to the combined crossbred and purebred selection (CCPS). The superior purebred lines were evaluated for their nicking ability by specialized cross-breeding program, and the best nicking male and female lines were used for developing four-way commercial crosses. With advancement in molecular tech-niques, the DNA marker technology emerged as a finer tool for assessing the genetic variability. Genome-wide scan using microsatellites led to identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for their use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). Subsequently, the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were discovered as third generation of genetic markers. Recent “next-generation sequencing” technique led to the development of high- density SNP arrays as powerful tool for genetic analysis. Predicting genomic estimate of breeding value (GEBV) of individual using SNPs across the whole genome paved way to conceptualization of “genomic selection” which emerged as the most advanced technology to revolutionize the animal production.","PeriodicalId":103704,"journal":{"name":"Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115507149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Avian Cardiovascular Disease Characteristics, Causes and Genomics 禽类心血管疾病的特点、原因和基因组学

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78005

V. Kubale, Keshia Merry, G. Miller, M. R. Diaz, Catrin Rutland

{"title":"Avian Cardiovascular Disease Characteristics, Causes and Genomics","authors":"V. Kubale, Keshia Merry, G. Miller, M. R. Diaz, Catrin Rutland","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78005","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease is common in avian species and increasing commercial economic losses and demand for healthcare in the household/smallholding veterinary sector has resulted in increased research into these disorders. This in turn has highlighted the importance of breeding, genetic testing and possibilities for future prognostic and diagnostic testing. Research into avian cardiovascular genetics has rapidly accelerated. Previously much work was undertaken in mammals with information extrapolated and transferred to birds. Birds have also been used to model cardiovascular disease and therefore knowledge has become enriched due to this endeavour. Increasingly, the avian genome is being analysed in its own right. This work is assisted by the growing number of avian genomes being published. In 2015, Nature published news on the ‘Bird 10K’ project, which aims to sequence 10,500 extant bird species. By 2018, the Avian Genomes Consortium had published the sequences of 45 species/34 orders. This review investi-gates a range of avian cardiovascular disorders in order to highlight their pathologies, epidemiology and genetics in addition to avian models of heart disease. With the avail-ability of more reference genomes, increases in the number and magnitude of avian stud- ies and more advanced technologies, the genetics behind avian cardiovascular disorders is being unravelled.","PeriodicalId":103704,"journal":{"name":"Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123990807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Research Progress in Genetic Control of Reproductive Performance in Chicken by High-Throughput Sequencing Technology 高通量测序技术在鸡繁殖性能遗传控制中的研究进展

Application of Genetics and Genomics in Poultry Science Pub Date : 2018-09-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77069

Hong Li, Jundong Tian

引用次数: 0