Cassava [Working Title]最新文献

Improvement in Cassava Yield per Area by Fertilizer Application 施肥对木薯单产的提高

Cassava [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-06-08 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97366

J. O. Omondi, U. Yermiyahu

引用次数: 2

Primary Quality Control Parameters for Cassava Raw Materials 木薯原料的主要质量控制参数

Cassava [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-05-29 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97879

S. M. Chisenga

{"title":"Primary Quality Control Parameters for Cassava Raw Materials","authors":"S. M. Chisenga","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97879","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh cassava roots are transformed into shelf stable raw materials (flours and extracted starches). Chemical composition (moisture, protein, lipid, fibre and amylose content, cyanide contents), dry matter, starch extraction yields, particle size distribution and whiteness index are some of the quality characteristic requirements for selection of varieties in breeding programs, and raw materials for industrial processes. Starch yields ranges 20–35%, and vary with genotype. The crude protein (1–2%) and crude fat (∼1%) are considered minor components of cassava and are indicative of the poor nutritional quality. The cumulative of particles passing finer than sieve (D90) is commonly selected for industrial applications because it yields a large proportion of flour in the range 90–96% finer particle than sieve size. The amylose is the main genetic trait for categorising starches into waxy, semi-waxy, normal/regular and high amylose types when amylose content is 0–2, 3–15, 16–35, and > 35% of the total starch, respectively. Additionally, amylose is basic criteria for blending flours of different botanical sources. Cassava varieties are classified as sweet and bitter varieties when cyanide values are in the range 15–50 and 50–400 ppm, respectively. The a* (redness-greenness) and b* (yellowish) are considered as impurities in white fleshed cassava.","PeriodicalId":102302,"journal":{"name":"Cassava [Working Title]","volume":"680 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116108002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Research and Development for Improved Cassava Varieties in Ghana: Farmers’ Adoption and Effects on Livelihoods 加纳木薯改良品种的研究与开发:农民的采用及其对生计的影响

Cassava [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-05-07 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97588

Patricia Pinamang Acheampong, E. Owusu Danquah, Kennedy Agyeman, Kwame Obeng Dankwa, Monica Addison

{"title":"Research and Development for Improved Cassava Varieties in Ghana: Farmers’ Adoption and Effects on Livelihoods","authors":"Patricia Pinamang Acheampong, E. Owusu Danquah, Kennedy Agyeman, Kwame Obeng Dankwa, Monica Addison","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.97588","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of Cassava in the food systems of Ghanaians cannot be underestimated. As a main staple crop, Cassava contributes about 22% and 30% to the Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP) and daily calories intake respectively. Per capita consumption of 152 kg makes it the highest among all food crops. Due to Cassava’s importance, there have been lots of attention paid to it by the Government and Donor agencies towards its improvement. This has yielded substantial results in terms of the development of cassava varieties and good agronomic practices. This chapter reviewed cassava technologies development in Ghana, adoption of these technologies by smallholder farmers, and livelihood implications. Results generated showed that Research and Development since 1993 has developed, released, and disseminated 25 new cassava varieties to smallholder farmers. Average cassava yields have increased from about 14 t/ha in 2009 to 21 t/ha in 2018. Partial budget analysis showed that smallholder farmers’ profitability has increased over the years from GH₵644.32 (about US$ 111) in 2009 to GH₵5243.27 (about US$ 904) in 2018. Again, the crop is gradually gaining attention as an industrial crop for flour, starch, and alcohol production, a drive that would further improve on returns to farmers. It is a food security crop because it is robust, produces more per unit area, and versatile for multiple usages in household foods and derivatives. It is recommended that continuous policy consideration on cassava in national agricultural agenda setting is essential.","PeriodicalId":102302,"journal":{"name":"Cassava [Working Title]","volume":"24 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113981793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessing Mating Designs Utilized in Cassava Population Improvement 评价木薯种群改良中使用的交配设计

Cassava [Working Title] Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96785

P. Norman, D. Dzidzienyo, K. Y. Karim

{"title":"Assessing Mating Designs Utilized in Cassava Population Improvement","authors":"P. Norman, D. Dzidzienyo, K. Y. Karim","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.96785","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava breeders are curious about appropriate breeding strategies utilized to generate elite genotypes with desired complimentary traits or genes from parents used in crossing. Use of appropriate mating design is influenced by a good understanding of the flower biology of the putative parent plants, type of pollination, crossing technique, pollen dissemination, the presence of male-sterility system, the purpose of the project (that is either breeding or genetic studies), and the size of population needed. The objective of this book chapter is to assess the current knowledge on mating designs, their applications and limitations in cassava improvement. This book chapter discusses the floral biology, genetic improvement, breeding procedures and mating designs in cassava. The information utilized in this study were obtained from various sources including documentary search of the journals, books and websites of relevant stakeholder organizations. Empirical findings of selected mating designs in cassava and their impacts were discussed. Findings serve as a good guide for selection of appropriate mating arrangement to obtain useful information on parents and progenies. Findings are relevant to scientists, researchers, scholars, lecturers and other relevant stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":102302,"journal":{"name":"Cassava [Working Title]","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127440210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0