{"title":"Modulating Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm formation: Antifungal-induced alterations in conidium-abiotic surface interactions","authors":"Roya Tamimi, Godfrey Kyazze, Tajalli Keshavarz","doi":"10.1016/j.funint.2024.100002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funint.2024.100002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biofilm prevention on surfaces supporting microbial growth is an alternative strategy to manipulating microbial cells. This study focuses on <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em>, a prominent airborne fungal pathogen. We exposed glass, acrylic, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), Nylon 6, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), silicone, and unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (uPVC) surfaces to antifungal agents (triclosan, liposomal amphotericin-B (L-AMB), tyrosol, and farnesol) to study <em>A. fumigatus</em> conidium-abiotic surfaces interactions.</p><p>The total protein concentrations of <em>A. fumigatus</em> mycelia were quantified after growth in both a broth medium and on agar, subsequent to treatment with the agents. The hydrophobicity of chosen surfaces and the fungus was assessed using the contact angle and the microbial adhesion to hydrocarbons (MATH) assays, respectively, when subjected to antifungal agents. Moreover, <em>A. fumigatus</em> biofilms on uPVC and PTFE were evaluated through transmission flow-cell culture and optical microscopy.</p><p>Hydrophobic surfaces (PTFE and silicone) impregnated with farnesol transformed into hydrophilic. Conversely, L-AMB altered the surface properties of uPVC from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, potentially as a result of L-AMB's interaction with the TiO<sub>2</sub> component in uPVC. Considering the effect of antifungals on conidia, <em>A. fumigatus</em> conidia surfaces exhibited a shift from hydrophobic to hydrophilic characteristics under the influence of these agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100559,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Interactions","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773215024000029/pdfft?md5=f8262902b535971745580c1d6a0c7381&pid=1-s2.0-S2773215024000029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mycoremediation of n-alkanes under aerobic conditions – A review","authors":"Kristoffer Palmgren , Magnus Ivarsson","doi":"10.1016/j.funint.2024.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funint.2024.100001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrocarbons released to the environment such as during oil spillages can lead to serious problems for ecosystems, climate, and human health. Many fungi have been shown to degrade various hydrocarbons found in oil and different oil-derived products, making fungi promising for use in bioremediation applications to detoxify hydrocarbon polluted substrates. This review summarises how fungi metabolise and degrade n-alkanes, one of the major components of combustible fuels - including how n-alkanes are taken up by the cell and how different secreted and membrane-bound proteins seem to affect the manner of uptake. Fungi metabolise hydrocarbons by three known oxidation pathways that are catalysed by Cytochrome p450 enzymes. The n-alkanes are not only used as a source of energy but are also incorporated into the cell by lipid synthesis. Many different fungi are already present in oil-contaminated sites and degrade these hydrocarbon pollutants. Yet many fungi seem to have an affinity towards shorter n-alkanes and might not be able to completely degrade all hydrocarbons. Fungi are a great contributor to detoxifying pollutants, but completely removing these hydrocarbon pollutants may require a wide variety of different species and possibly other organisms to effectively remedy contaminated environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100559,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Interactions","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773215024000017/pdfft?md5=45d46f41c8b12a0d5c76470680abed78&pid=1-s2.0-S2773215024000017-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140014586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}