生物学最新文献

{"title":"The secret life of RNA and lipids.","authors":"Tomasz Czerniak, James P Saenz","doi":"10.1080/15476286.2025.2526903","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15476286.2025.2526903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is no life without RNA or lipids. But could there be life with only RNA and lipids? The discovery that RNA can catalyse reactions in addition to encoding information opened new directions for engineering life and the possibility of life emerging from an RNA World. But a key missing ingredient for RNA-based biochemical systems is a mechanism to organize RNAs and regulate their activity. Lipids, which are essential for life and one of the most ancient biomolecules, can spontaneously self-assemble to form membranous bilayers, theoretically providing a surface that can serve to concentrate, protect, and regulate RNAs. This review explores the interactions between RNA and lipids, including the chemical basis for their interactions, and the implications for synthetic biology, RNA World, and modern cell biology. We discuss observations that RNA can selectively bind to lipid membranes in a sequence-dependent manner, and entertain how these interactions might be employed to engineer RNA-based sensors and regulatory elements in synthetic systems. The emerging field of RNA-lipid interactions opens new possibilities for engineering orthogonal biochemistries for synthetic cells, innovations in RNA therapeutics, and discovering potentially new facets of cellular regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21351,"journal":{"name":"RNA Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astrocyte-derived exosomes regulate sperm miR-34c levels to mediate the transgenerational effects of paternal chronic social instability stress.","authors":"Alexandre Champroux, Mitra Sadat-Shirazi, Xuan Chen, Jonathan Hacker, Yongjie Yang, Larry A Feig","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2457176","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2457176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of chronically stressing male mice can be transmitted across generations by stress-specific changes in their sperm miRNA content, which induce stress-specific phenotypes in their offspring. However, how each stress paradigm alters the levels of distinct sets of sperm miRNAs is not known. We showed previously that exposure of male mice to chronic social instability (CSI) stress results in elevated anxiety and reduced sociability specifically in their female offspring across multiple generations because it reduces miR-34c levels in sperm of stressed males and their unstressed male offspring. Here, we describe evidence that astrocyte-derived exosomes (A-Exos) carrying miR-34c mediate how CSI stress has this transgenerational effect on sperm. We found that CSI stress decreases miR-34c carried by A-Exos in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala, as well as in the blood of males. Importantly, miR-34c A-Exos levels are also reduced in these tissues in their F1 male offspring, who despite not being exposed to stress, exhibit reduced sperm miR-34c levels and transmit the same stress-associated traits to their male and female offspring. Furthermore, restoring A-Exos miR-34c content in the blood of CSI-stressed males by intravenous injection of miR-34c-containing A-Exos restores miR-34c levels in their sperm. These findings reveal an unexpected role for A-Exos in maintaining sperm miR-34c levels by a process that when suppressed by CSI stress mediates this example of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2457176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The life-and-death struggle between the complement system and pathogens: Mechanisms of elimination, evasion tactics, and translational potential.","authors":"Siqi Lian, Jiaqi Liu, Yi Yang, Guoqiang Zhu, Pengpeng Xia","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553781","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complement system, along with its intricate network, constitutes a vital component of the innate immune response, playing a pivotal role in defending the host against invading pathogens. While it is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis, dysregulation of this system can lead to significant pathological consequences: deficiencies in complement components increase susceptibility to infections, whereas excessive activation causes inflammatory tissue damage. Through its diverse functions and regulatory mechanisms, including but not limited to cytolytic effects, opsonophagocytosis, induction of inflammatory responses, and facilitation of antigen presentation, the complement system can independently or synergistically eliminate pathogens with high specificity and efficiency. In response to this robust immune defense strategy, pathogens have evolved a range of sophisticated evasion and resistance mechanisms to counteract the lethal effects of complements. In-depth research into these complement-pathogen interactions enhances our understanding of disease pathogenesis and progression, providing vital theoretical foundations and potential targets for novel therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2553781"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic insights into the interaction between chronic hepatitis B virus infection and metabolic syndrome.","authors":"Juanjuan Zou, Yijing Zhang, Xiaojing Sun, Yan Wang, Yanzhong Li, Ze-Hua Zhao","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553786","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2553786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association between chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial. We aimed to analyze the causal effects of chronic HBV infection on MetS components and vice versa. Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to explore the genetic association of chronic HBV infection with both metabolic risk factors and metabolic diseases using summary-level data from GWAS. Further colocalization and mediation analyses were performed for traits with significant causal relationships. The effect of HBV on lipid metabolism was validated by <i>in vitro</i> assays. In European populations, the MR analyses did not support causal relationships between chronic HBV infection and metabolic traits. In East Asian populations, chronic HBV infection was associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and reduced risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Reversely, CAD showed negative causal effects on chronic HBV infection risk. Colocalization analysis revealed that the association between chronic HBV infection and CAD was most likely driven by distinct rather than shared causal variants. Mediation analysis identified LDL as a major mediator in the causal effect of chronic HBV infection on CAD and aspirin use as the primary mediator in the causal effect of CAD on chronic HBV infection. <i>In vitro</i> experiments suggested that HBV may inhibit glucose plus insulin-induced lipogenesis in hepatocytes. Our results provide genetic evidence of chronic HBV infection as a protective factor against dyslipidemia and CAD and reveal the potential causal effect of CAD on genetically proxied chronic HBV infection via aspirin treatment in East Asian populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2553786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential anti-H1N1 schitriterpenoids from Kadsura japonica L. vines.","authors":"Hung-Tse Huang, Chun-Tang Chiou, Yu-Chi Lin, Li-Jie Zhang, Chih-Hua Chao, Ping-Jyun Sung, Jih-Jung Chen, Tsung-Lin Li, I-Wen Lo, Chia-Ching Liaw","doi":"10.1016/j.phytochem.2025.114632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phytochem.2025.114632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lethal contagious pathogens wreak havoc on human life and the global economy, especially influenza and other respiratory pathogens, as exemplified by the enduring impact of COVID-19. This study reports that triterpenoids isolated from the stems of medicinal plants Kadsura japonica L. (Schisandraceae), which exhibit potent anti-viral activity against collected influenza viruses. Collectively, four undescribed schitriterpenoids named kadsujanonols J-M (1-4) along with five previously reported, schincarin D (5), ananosin E (6), changnanic acid (7), longipedlactone A (8), and schiglansin S (9), were isolated and identified. Their chemical structures were determined using ¹H-, ¹³C-, and 2D-NMR spectra in conjunction with spectroscopic analyses, such as UV, IR, ECD, and HRESIMS. These schitriterpenoids were then subjected to antiviral examination against the collected H1N1 influenza viruses, in which several, changnanic acid (7) in particular, unveiled excellent anti-H1N1 activity compared to Tamiflu.</p>","PeriodicalId":20170,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"114632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterobactin: A key player in bacterial iron acquisition and virulence and its implications for vaccine development and antimicrobial strategies.","authors":"Mohadese Amiri, Mehdi Golchin, Majid Jamshidian Mojaver, Hamidreza Farzin, Abbas Hajizade","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2563018","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2563018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterobactin, a high-affinity siderophore produced by <i>Escherichia coli</i> and other enteric pathogens, plays a critical role in bacterial iron acquisition and virulence. By sequestering iron from host environments, enterobactin enables bacterial survival and proliferation, even under iron-limited conditions typical of host tissues. This review explores the biosynthesis and regulation of enterobactin, highlighting its contribution to bacterial pathogenesis and immune evasion. We discuss the potential of targeting enterobactin for the development of live-attenuated vaccines, emphasizing the attenuation of virulence through genetic knockout of enterobactin biosynthesis genes (e.g. <i>entB</i>). Additionally, we examine enterobactin as a promising target for novel antimicrobial strategies, including small-molecule inhibitors and siderophore-based \"Trojan horse\" antibiotics. Beyond medical applications, we also explore the biotechnological and environmental potential of enterobactin, such as its use in bioremediation and drug delivery systems. Finally, we identify key gaps in current research and propose future directions for harnessing enterobactin to combat bacterial infections and address global health challenges. This review underscores the multifaceted role of enterobactin in bacterial biology and its potential as a cornerstone for innovative therapeutic and biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2563018"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable harvesting strategy in an ecological competition model with interference.","authors":"Peng Feng","doi":"10.1080/17513758.2025.2554907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17513758.2025.2554907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper examines a three-species ecological competition model with two predators and one prey, incorporating food-limited growth and both linear and quadratic harvesting strategies. Using mathematical analysis, we identify equilibrium points and derive conditions for their stability and persistence. The results reveal that quadratic harvesting significantly enhances stability, promotes coexistence, and mitigates extinction risks compared to linear harvesting. Numerical simulations validate the theoretical findings, highlighting the effectiveness of quadratic harvesting in managing population dynamics. These insights contribute to the mathematical understanding of sustainable harvesting strategies in complex ecological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48809,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Dynamics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2554907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and comprehensive characterization of bovine parvovirus 1 from diarrheic calves in Northeast China: Insights into evolution and biology.","authors":"Mingze Chen, Yingying Ma, Yue Yan, Xihuai Xue, Wei Wu, Fei Teng, Guiwei Li, Chenyu Zheng, Qiying Han, Shilong You, Yanping Jiang, Jiaxuan Li, Wen Cui, Feipeng Zhao, Hongzhe Zhao, Xinyuan Qiao","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2561830","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2561830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine parvovirus (BPV) is among the pathogens associated with respiratory, digestive, and reproductive disorders in cattle, contributing to significant economic losses in the global cattle industry. To investigate the prevalence and genetic variability of BPV in diarrheic cattle, 14 BPV strains were isolated from 673 bovine diarrhea samples (2017-2022, Northeast China) using BT cells. Notably, the DQ7498 strain exhibited the highest proliferation efficiency (titer reaching 10^8.12TCID₅₀/mL). Sensitive cell detection assays showed isolated strains stably serially passaged only in BT and bovine lung cells. Electron microscopy revealed that all isolates as non-enveloped icosahedrons structures (approximately 25 nm in diameter), consistent with parvovirus morphology. Complete coding sequence (CDS) and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 14 isolates strains were closely related to BPV1 reference strains (DQ335247, NC001540), with high genetic identity (96.5%-99%). Recombination analysis identified genomic recombination events in four strains (JL108, JL60, DQ7706 and DQ7728), suggesting DQ8186 and ZD0510, or earlier unisolated strains, as potential parental strains. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed multiple coding mutations among the 14 isolates. Although antigenic epitope mutations (A362T and N399D) were identified in VP2, they did not induce significant conformational changes. Physicochemical characterization demonstrated that the virus exhibited sensitivity to chloroform and loses its infectivity after chloroform treatment, which is inconsistent with previous research reports. This study reports the first isolation of 14 BPV1 strains in Northeast China, revealing BPV1 genetic evolution, antigenic variation, and the first documented recombination events among regional strains, providing new insights into the molecular evolution of BPV1 and disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2561830"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean domestication alters rhizosphere microbial assembly and disrupts the potential bacteria-protist relationships.","authors":"Shaoguan Zhao, Chen Liu, Ying Yuan, Qingyun Zhao, Zhiyang Zhang, Xiangyu Ren, Yang Yue, Shuo Sun, Shiqi Sun, Qi Zhang, Guangnan Xing, Ming Wang, Wu Xiong, Qirong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.micres.2025.128295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micres.2025.128295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crop domestication has long been known to reshape rhizosphere microbial communities, yet research has focused disproprotionately on bacteria and fungal responses to crop domestication while neglecting protist communities. Protists, as key microbial predators regulating bacterial populations and thereby their functionalities, remain understudied in this context. Here, we investigate the influence of soybean domestication on both bacterial and protist communities, with a focus on the reorganization of ecological strategies, specifically generalists and specialists, within these microbiomes. We analyzed 270 rhizosphere samples from 27 domesticated and 63 wild soybean varieties. Domestication significantly altered community compositions of bacterial communities, with wild soybeans harboring higher proprotions of Pseudomonadota (71.4 %) and Bacillota (4.8 %), while domesticated soybeans exhibited an enrichment of Bacteroidota (11.0 %). Protist communities also diverged: wild soybeans were dominated by Cercozoa (58.2 %) and Gyrista (23.5 %), while domesticated plants had more Ciliophora (7.1 %) and Evosea (5.7 %). Domesticated soybeans hosted fewer generalist and specialist bacteria but more generalist protists, suggesting divergent microbial responses to domestication. Correlation analyses revealed that bacterial and protist generalists exhibited strong positive correlations with each other. At the same time, bacterial and protist specialists also showed positive correlations in wild soybeans-patterns that were largely absent in their domesticated counterparts. Functionally, wild soybeans supported more ureolytic and methylotrophic bacteria, while domesticated soybeans favored nitrate-respiration taxa. Notably, predatory protists in wild soybeans were significantly correlated with bacteria involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling, a key ecological relationship lost with domestication. These findings suggest that domestication exerts different selection pressures on bacteria and protists, disrupting potential relationships between bacterial and protist functional groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":18564,"journal":{"name":"Microbiological research","volume":"301 ","pages":"128295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melioidosis molecular diagnostics: An update.","authors":"Prachi Gangil, Manash K Paul, Prathyoosha B, Debadrita Mondal, Sneha Kumari, P R Prasad, Vandana K E, Bharti Bisht, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2505698","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2505698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melioidosis, a fatal tropical disease, presents a wide array of clinical manifestations, including abscesses, pneumonia, septic shock, bacteraemia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and skin infection. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has classified <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i> (<i>B. pseudomallei</i>), a gram-negative bacterium found in soil, as a Tier 1 select agent. Referred to as the \"great mimicker,\" this organism can infect several organs imitating the symptoms of different illnesses. According to worldwide data, there are around 165,000 cases and 89,000 deaths annually. Current diagnostic procedures rely primarily on culturing <i>B. pseudomallei</i>, are slow and have low sensitivity, resulting in delayed treatment and higher fatality rates. This review examines the substantial difficulties related to diagnosing melioidosis in response to the urgent need for precise and prompt diagnosis. We have summarized the results of diagnostic kits that are currently sold in the market and assessed the market for melioidosis diagnostic kits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2505698"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12169043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}