生物学最新文献

{"title":"High-throughput measurement of adipocyte size with open-source software using whole-slide adipose tissue images.","authors":"Alan Ramalho, Marie-Frédérique Gauthier, Ina Maltais-Payette, Giada Ostinelli, Frédéric Hould, Laurent Biertho, André Tchernof","doi":"10.1080/21623945.2025.2528437","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21623945.2025.2528437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to create and validate a high-throughput method based on open-source software for the measurement of adipocyte diameters in white adipose tissue histological sections. Human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples collected during bariatric surgery were used to prepare haematoxylin and eosin-stained histological slides. Adipocyte diameters were measured both manually and with an automated procedure created using ImageJ. Comparative analysis of our automated method with the manual measurement and associations of the mean adipocyte diameters with cardiometabolic markers were used to validate our method. A total of 377 adipose samples (190 participants) were included in the analysis. Pearson correlation of mean adipocyte diameters showed a strong linear relationship between methods (<i>r</i> = 0.87, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Omental adipocyte diameters of both methods were significantly associated with the same markers of cardiometabolic risk (fasting concentrations of TG, HDL-Chol, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and visceral adiposity index values) with no significant differences between methods. There were also no significant differences between the manual and automated method regarding the correlations between mean subcutaneous adipocyte diameters and anthropometric or metabolic markers. In conclusion, we have created and validated a rapid automated method to measure adipocyte diameters from whole-slide adipose tissue images.</p>","PeriodicalId":7226,"journal":{"name":"Adipocyte","volume":"14 1","pages":"2528437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12309532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of virus-mediated bacterial interactions on acute gastroenteritis symptoms: A new scoring system for clinical assessment.","authors":"Zhangkai Xu, Zishu Liu, Yuxiang Zhao, Jiang Chen, Weibo Cui, Wenjing Wan, Zhendi Yu, Qingyi Shao, Youshi Liu, Baolan Hu, Dongqing Cheng","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2529442","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2529442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) exerts a substantial healthcare burden and economic loss annually, mainly due to viral infections. The objective of the study was to elucidate the impact of the interactions between the AGE virus and gut microbiota on patient clinical symptoms, thereby facilitating the early diagnosis and treatment of AGE. Clinical information and fecal samples were collected from 289 AGE patients (exclude fungal, parasitic, and bacterial infections), of whom 23.5% were infected with AGE viruses. A scoring method was developed to assess the severity of virus-induced AGE in patients. The results indicate significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05 indicates a significant difference, as determined by Kruskal-Wallis test, <i>p</i> = 0.03) in clinical symptom scores among the None-virus, Single-virus, and Dual-virus group. The Single-virus (14.82) and Dual-virus (15.33) groups exhibited more severe clinical symptom, with scoring values higher than None-virus group (12.40). Although significant differences in microbial community composition were observed between the Single-virus and Dual-virus groups (as determined by Adonis analysis, Variation = 0.11, <i>p</i> = 0.034), the diversity index (e.g. Chao1) did not significantly differ among the None-virus (288.14), Single-virus (345.74), and Dual-virus (282.70) groups. Notably, the patients with a higher <i>Prevotella</i>/<i>Bacteroide</i>s index displayed more severe clinical symptom, as the index in the Single-virus and Dual-virus groups was over 10-times greater than in the None-virus group. In summary, this study shows that clinical symptoms of patients with viral AGE could be exacerbated through promoting bacterial competitions, and this understanding would facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment of viral AGE.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2529442"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic study of the immune defense function of the CRISPR1-Cas system in <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>.","authors":"Shuan Tao, Yewei Fang, Lin Zheng, He Zhang, Yao Xu, Wei Liang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that are considered to be one of the causative agents of hospital-acquired infections. CRISPR-Cas is an adaptive immune system with targeted defense functions against foreign invading nucleic acids and plays an important role in antibiotic resistance. In this study, we aimed to investigate II-A CRISPR-Cas-mediated immunity and the molecular mechanism underlying the horizontal transfer of drug resistance genes in <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>. The mutant strains were constructed by the homologous recombination strategy. The interference of plasmid transformation by the Enterococcus faecalis CRISPR1/Cas system was confirmed through plasmid transformation efficiency. The different mutation positions in the protospacer sequence S1 and PAM region recombinant plasmids were constructed through enzyme digestion and sequencing verification to assess the impact of the CRISPR-encoded immunity. In the wild-type strain, the transformation efficiency of plasmids pAT28-S1-S9 containing protospacers and PAM sites decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Single-base mutations at positions 25 and 28 of the protospacer region eliminated the ability of the wild-type strain to prevent plasmid transformation containing the protospacer and PAM sites (<i>p</i> > 0.05), whereas a single mismatch at protospacer positions 2,10,18,23 did not affect the ability of CRISPR-Cas system-positive strains to interfere with plasmid transformation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the wild-type strain and the mutant strain in the transformation efficiency of the pS1-pΔPAM plasmid without PAM and plasmids containing single mutations (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In conclusion, the CRISPR-Cas system can block the transformation of matching protospacer sequences, and mutations near or within the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) allow the plasmid to escape CRISPR-encoded immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2530665"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis is important for <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> replication and virulence <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.","authors":"Ling-Yu Li, Chun-Xue Zhou, Bing Han, Hany M Elsheikha, Hui-Jie Qiu, Xu-Dian An, Ting Zeng, Dai-Ang Liu, Qing Yang, Xing-Quan Zhu, Huai-Yu Zhou","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530164","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The protozoan parasite <i>T. gondii</i> employs intricate mechanisms to exploit host cells while sustaining their viability, yet its interaction with ferroptosis - an iron-dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation - remains poorly defined. Here, we show <i>T. gondii</i> infection induces ferroptotic hallmarks in RAW264.7 macrophages, including elevated lactate dehydrogenase release, labile Fe^{2 +} accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and lipid peroxidation. Molecular analyses revealed infection-induced downregulation of ferroptosis suppressor GPX4 and upregulation of pro-ferroptotic ACSL4 in macrophages and mice. Mechanistically, the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis governed parasite growth: knockdown of these genes promoted <i>T. gondii</i> replication, whereas overexpression restricted proliferation. Pharmacological studies showed ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 suppressed intracellular parasite proliferation. Notably, GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 exhibited context-dependent effects: pre-infection treatment enhanced replication, while post-infection administration inhibited growth. Direct RSL3 exposure induced time-dependent growth arrest in extracellular tachyzoites, associated with disrupted transcriptomes, increased lipid ROS, and downregulated parasite antioxidant genes (<i>TgPRX2</i>, <i>TgTPX1/2</i>, <i>TgNXN</i>), indicating redox homoeostasis impairment. In vivo murine studies corroborated this biphasic effect: therapeutic RSL3 administration post-infection significantly reduced parasite burdens across multiple organs (spleen, liver, kidney, brain) and improved survival rates, while prophylactic pretreatment exacerbated disease progression. We propose RSL3 exerts direct parasiticidal effects via oxidative damage but also enables early nutrient acquisition from ferroptosis-compromised host cells. These findings establish ferroptosis as a critical node in <i>T. gondii</i> pathogenesis, highlighting the parasite's hijacking of host iron-lipid metabolism. The dual role of ferroptosis regulators underscores the host-pathogen metabolic complexity and positions the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis as a promising therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2530164"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IscR-tmRNA regulatory axis plays a key role in multiple stress response and pathogenicity in <i>Aeromonas veronii</i>.","authors":"Xiang Ma, Yuan Tong, Pingwei Gao, Lingmin Sun, Hong Li, Yanqiong Tang, Juanjuan Li, Xue Chi, Zhu Liu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530659","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial pathogens intricately modulate their response to a variety of stress and the virulence, particularly in light of the dynamic conditions both in natural habitat and within host organisms. Transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA), which plays an important role in pathogenicity due to its major function in the trans-translation system for ribosome rescue, has been proved as a stress response molecule. Herein, our results indicate that the global regulator IscR acts as a crucial activator responsible for the expression of tmRNA in <i>Aeromonas veronii</i>, a bacterial pathogen posing significant challenges to both aquatic industry and public health. Bacterial one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) confirm the direct binding of IscR to the promoter region of the <i>ssrA</i> gene which encodes tmRNA. Moreover, our phenotypic characterizations illustrate that the complementation of tmRNA can rescue the defects of <i>iscR</i> deletion in response to adverse stress, including nutrient deprivation, elevated temperatures, β-lactam antibiotics, and oxidative stress, as well as in establishing the pathogenicity characterized by motility, aggregation, adhesion, cytotoxicity, bacterial competition, and colonization in mice. Our findings offer insights into a potential model for strengthening bacterial survival in external environments, and provide an initial glimpse into the intricate interplay between the functional roles of IscR and tmRNA in the pathogenicity through the IscR-tmRNA regulatory axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2530659"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment with (R)-α-methylhistamine or IL4 stimulates mucin production and decreases <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> density in the murine stomach.","authors":"Licínia Santos, Sinan Sharba, John Benktander, Stefany Ojaimi Loibman, Macarena P Quintana-Hayashi, Mattias Erhardsson, Sara K Lindén","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530173","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2530173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is the most common gastric pathogen. <i>H. pylori</i> is prone to develop antibiotic resistance and recurrence after therapy makes treatment problematic. <i>H. pylori</i> can be detected attached to the gastric epithelial cells; however, it is mostly found within the gastric mucus. <i>Helicobacter</i> species infections impair the mucus barrier by decreasing the binding ability of the mucins, decreasing the growth-limiting activity of mucins and decreasing mucin production. The current study aimed to restore mucin production in the male C57BL/6 mouse <i>H. pylori</i> (SS1) infection model and evaluate its effects on <i>H. pylori</i> density. Mice infected with SS1 were treated with (R)-α-methylhistamine (RαMH) or interleukin-4 (IL4). Treatment with RαMH or IL4 restored mucin production and decreased gastric <i>H. pylori</i> density compared to mock-treated infected mice. Treatment with RαMH and IL4 did not affect serum anti-<i>H. pylori</i> IgG levels, expression of antimicrobial peptides or <i>H. pylori</i> virulence factors. Further, RαMH did not have cytotoxic effects on <i>H. pylori</i>. However, the expression of cytokines (<i>Tnf</i> and <i>Il4)</i>, factors related to mucus production (<i>Tff1</i>, <i>Spedf, Stat6,</i> and <i>Ptgs1</i>), and mucin O-glycan sialylation levels differed between mice treated with RαMH and IL4. This suggests that increased mucus production can have similar effects on pathogen density in spite of differences in the local niche. In conclusion, agents that stimulate mucin production in the gastric mucosa have the potential to aid in the removal of pathogens from the gastric niche.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2530173"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12269685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and genomic insights into bacteriophages Kpph1 and Kpph9 against hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.","authors":"Ye Huang, Yuan Huang, Zhiping Wu, Ziyue Fan, Fanglin Zheng, Yang Liu, Xinping Xu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2450462","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2450462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing incidence of infections attributed to hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (Hv-CRKp) is of considerable concern. Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria; thus, phage-based therapies offer promising alternatives to antibiotic treatments targeting Hv-CRKp infections. In this study, two isolated bacteriophages, Kpph1 and Kpph9, were characterized for their specificity against the Hv-CRKp <i>K. pneumoniae</i> NUHL30457 strain that possesses a K2 capsule serotype. Both phages exhibit remarkable environmental tolerance, displaying stability over a range of pH values (4-11) and temperatures (up to 50°C). The phages demonstrate potent antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy, as indicated by their capacity to inhibit biofilm formation and to disrupt established biofilms of Hv-CRKp. Through phylogenetic analysis, it has been revealed that Kpph1 belongs to the new species of <i>Webervirus</i> genus, and Kpph9 to the <i>Drulisvirus</i> genus. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the tail fiber protein region exhibits the greatest diversity in the genomes of phages within the same genus, which implies distinct co-evolution histories between phages and their corresponding hosts. Interestingly, both phages have been found to contain two tail fiber proteins that may exhibit potential depolymerase activities. However, the exact role of depolymerase in the interaction between phages and their hosts warrants further investigation. In summary, our findings emphasize the therapeutic promise of phages Kpph1 and Kpph9, as well as their encoded proteins, in the context of research on phage therapy targeting hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2450462"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A lineage 1 branch porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus live vaccine candidate provides broad cross-protection against HP-like PRRSV in piglets.","authors":"Chao Li, Jinhao Li, Bangjun Gong, Hu Xu, Zhenyang Guo, Lirun Xiang, Siyu Zhang, Qi Sun, Jing Zhao, Menglin Zhang, Yan-Dong Tang, Chaoliang Leng, Jianan Wu, Qian Wang, Jinmei Peng, Guohui Zhou, Huairan Liu, Tongqing An, Xuehui Cai, Zhi-Jun Tian, Hongliang Zhang","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451754","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) subtypes coinfect numerous pig farms in China, and commercial PRRSV vaccines offer limited cross-protection against heterologous strains. Our previous research confirmed that a PRRSV lineage 1 branch attenuated live vaccine (SD-R) provides cross-protection against HP-PRRSV, NADC30-like PRRSV and NADC34-like PRRSV. HP-PRRSV has undergone significant genetic variation following nearly two decades of evolution and has transformed into a subtype referred to as HP-like PRRSV, which also exhibits high pathogenicity. The effectiveness of immunising piglets with the SD-R strain to provide protection against infection with HP-like PRRSV remains uncertain. In the present study, we evaluated the protective effects of SD-R vaccine strains on DLF-challenged piglets. The results revealed that piglets challenged with DLF presented clinical symptoms such as continuous high fever and an obvious decrease in daily weight gain. Importantly, the piglets immunised with SD-R exhibited notable reductions in pathological damage, especially of decreases in DLF-induced thymic atrophy. Moreover, the serum of SD-R-immunised piglets strongly neutralised DLF, and the number of SD-R-vaccinated piglets demonstrating viraemia was greatly reduced. These results suggest that the PRRSV lineage 1 branch live vaccine candidate provides broad cross-protection against HP-like PRRSV in piglets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2451754"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactic acid in the vaginal milieu modulates the <i>Candida</i>-host interaction.","authors":"Diletta Rosati, Marisa Valentine, Mariolina Bruno, Arnab Pradhan, Axel Dietschmann, Martin Jaeger, Ian Leaves, Frank L van de Veerdonk, Leo A B Joosten, Sumita Roy, Mark H T Stappers, Neil A R Gow, Bernhard Hube, Alistair J P Brown, Mark S Gresnigt, Mihai G Netea","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451165","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2451165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common infections caused by <i>Candida albicans</i>. VVC is characterized by an inadequate hyperinflammatory response and clinical symptoms associated with <i>Candida</i> colonization of the vaginal mucosa. Compared to other host niches in which <i>C. albicans</i> can cause infection, the vaginal environment is extremely rich in lactic acid that is produced by the vaginal microbiota. We examined how lactic acid abundance in the vaginal niche impacts the interaction between <i>C. albicans</i> and the human immune system using an <i>in vitro</i> culture in vaginal simulative medium (VSM). The presence of lactic acid in VSM (VSM+LA) increased <i>C. albicans</i> proliferation, hyphal length, and its ability to cause damage during subsequent infection of vaginal epithelial cells. The cell wall of <i>C. albicans</i> cells grown in VSM+LA displayed a robust mannan fibrillar structure, β-glucan exposure, and low chitin content. These cell wall changes were associated with altered immune responses and an increased ability of the fungus to induce trained immunity. Neutrophils were compromised in clearing <i>C. albicans</i> grown in VSM+LA conditions, despite mounting stronger oxidative responses. Collectively, we found that fungal adaptation to lactic acid in a vaginal simulative context increases its immunogenicity favouring a pro-inflammatory state. This potentially contributes to the immune response dysregulation and neutrophil recruitment observed during recurrent VVC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":"16 1","pages":"2451165"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the causal role of pathogen-derived antibodies in major urinary and kidney diseases: Insights from generalized summary data-based Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Haoxiang Huang, Bohong Chen, Cong Feng, Wei Chen, Dapeng Wu","doi":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2473631","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21505594.2025.2473631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney and urinary tract diseases, including glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), present significant global health challenges. Recent studies suggest a complex interplay between infectious pathogens and immune-mediated kidney damage. This study employs Generalized Summary data-based Mendelian Randomization (GSMR) to explore causal relationships between pathogen-derived antibodies and major urinary and kidney diseases.We conducted a two-sample MR analysis using summary statistics from large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) to assess associations between 46 pathogen-specific antibodies and seven urinary system diseases. We utilized robust statistical methods, including inverse variance weighting, to ascertain causal effects while controlling for potential confounders.Significant associations were identified between several pathogen-specific antibodies and disease risk. Notably, Epstein-Barr virus (EBNA-1) antibody levels were inversely associated with glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome, indicating a potential protective effect. Conversely, Anti-Merkel cell polyomavirus IgG seropositivity was linked to increased risks of CKD and glomerulonephritis. Additionally, immune-mediated mechanisms were highlighted, with certain antibodies exhibiting dual roles as risk factors or protective agents.This study underscores the complex role of pathogen antibodies in the pathogenesis of kidney and urinary tract diseases, revealing significant implications for future research and potential therapeutic strategies. The findings advocate for further investigation into specific pathogen interactions with the immune system, aiming to inform targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23747,"journal":{"name":"Virulence","volume":" ","pages":"2473631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}