医学最新文献

{"title":"The infected blood inquiry report-lessons for gamete donation.","authors":"Sharon Zahra, Marc L Turner","doi":"10.1080/14647273.2024.2438650","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14647273.2024.2438650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Donation of substances of human origin (SoHO) is essential for the treatment of many patients and ranges from the donation of whole organs to the donation of tissue or cell products, including also gamete donation. In order to ensure the safety of recipients of SoHOs there are multiple steps taken in the donation pathway of all such substances to ensure the quality and safety of the donation. However, despite this, there is always a residual risk associated with SoHOs. The recent Infected Blood Inquiry (IBI) report has described in detail the background to the inadvertent transmission of HIV and hepatitis C to many patients in the past and has provided a number of recommendations. While the IBI focused on blood donation and the risk of blood borne virus transmission, the underlying principles are pertinent to all SoHOs, including gamete donation, and to all risks associated with SoHOs not just the risk of blood borne virus transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":13006,"journal":{"name":"Human Fertility","volume":"28 1","pages":"2438650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of vaginal micronised progesterone tablet and gel for <i>in vitro</i> fertilisation.","authors":"Soo Jin Han, Hoon Kim, Yun Soo Hong, Sung Woo Kim, Seung-Yup Ku, Chang Suk Suh","doi":"10.1080/01443615.2024.2436518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2024.2436518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Luteal phase support (LPS) with progesterone is a generally accepted practice after controlled ovarian stimulation, although the best protocols for LPS have been debated. We aimed to compare the efficacy of vaginal micronised progesterone tablets and 8% vaginal progesterone gel for LPS using real-world data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 459 <i>in vitro</i> fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles performed at a university hospital from 2005 to 2019. All cycles were followed by fresh day 3 embryo transfer (ET). Either progesterone tablets or gel was used for LPS. To control the conditional probability of progesterone tablets or gel use, doubly robust inverse probability weighting composed of inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW) and regression adjustment (RA). IPTW was performed based on the covariate balancing propensity score (CBPS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Progesterone tablets were administered in 65 cycles, and progesterone gel was administered in 394 cycles. Women who used progesterone tablets were more likely to be older (36 vs. 34 years), have primary infertility (78.5% vs. 61.4%), use gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (60.0% vs. 43.2%), and have fewer retrieved oocytes (seven vs. nine) and transferred embryos (two vs. three) than participants who used progesterone gel. After IPTW-CBPS and RA analysis for the above covariates, the adjusted odds for clinical pregnancy in women who used progesterone tablets were 1.10 times compared with women who used progesterone gel; however, the 95% confidence interval did not reach statistical significance (0.96-1.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical pregnancy was comparable between vaginal micronised progesterone tablets and vaginal progesterone gel for LPS in fresh day 3 ET cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":16627,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology","volume":"45 1","pages":"2436518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassortment of newly emergent clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses in Bangladesh.","authors":"Subrata Barman, Jasmine C M Turner, M Kamrul Hasan, Sharmin Akhtar, Trushar Jeevan, John Franks, David Walker, Nabanita Mukherjee, Patrick Seiler, Lisa Kercher, Pamela McKenzie, Robert G Webster, Mohammed M Feeroz, Richard J Webby","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2432351","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2432351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>Avian influenza active surveillance was conducted in Bangladesh from January 2022 to November 2023 in live-poultry markets (LPMs) and Tanguar Haor wetlands. The predominant viruses circulating in LPMs were low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H9N2) and clade 2.3.2.1a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) viruses. Non-H9N2 LPAIs were found at Tanguar Haor and at a lower prevalence in LPMs. Starting from June 2023, we detected novel genotypes of clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses from ducks in LPMs. The HA, NA, and M genes of these viruses are related to those of 2020 European clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses such as A/Eurasian Wigeon/Netherlands/1/2020 (Netherlands/1). However, analyses of the other five gene segments' sequences identified three distinct genotypes (BD-G2, BD-G3, and BD-G4). BD-G2 viruses were closely related to the clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses that have been detected in Japan and nearby regions since November 2022. BD-G3 viruses were reassortants, with gene segments from other Eurasian LPAI viruses. BD-G4 viruses were similar to BD-G2 viruses, but their NS gene was accrued from contemporary Bangladeshi clade 2.3.2.1a A(H5N1) viruses. The ability of any of the clade 2.3.4.4b viruses to displace the long-entrenched 2.3.2.1a A(H5N1) viruses in Bangladesh is unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2432351"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional study of partners' tobacco consumption during their spouse's pregnancy.","authors":"Frédéric Fortin, Coralie Verrez, Thomas Hacquart, Bruno Pereira, Catherine Laporte","doi":"10.1080/13814788.2024.2438632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2024.2438632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A smoking partner is a major risk factor for passive smoking and continued maternal smoking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the smoking habits, knowledge, and information received to stop smoking of smoking partners during their spouse's pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study of partners who smoked at the start of pregnancy and whose spouses had just given birth. Recruitment was carried out in maternity hospitals in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region from June 2021 to December 2021. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 105 men using tobacco were recruited, average age 34 years (± 6.4). Of these, 46 (44%) had modified their consumption during pregnancy: 11 (10.5%) had stopped smoking until maternity hospital entry, 24 (23%) had cut down and 11 (10.5%) had relapsed after initial total cessation. A multivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between men's change in smoking behaviour during pregnancy and a first pregnancy, an overweight participant, not living in a rural area, and information provided by the General Practitioner (GP). GPs are the first point of contact for participants looking for help to quit smoking. Among men who have not changed their smoking habits, 46% have not received any information from health professionals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intervention and medical information provided by GPs to smoking partners may be associated with changes in smoking habits during pregnancy. Additional prospective, comparative studies are needed to support a robust conclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":54380,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Practice","volume":"31 1","pages":"2438632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The doctors and nurses looked like aliens': a qualitative study on the subjective hospitalization experiences of severe COVID-19 patients in Slovakia\".","authors":"Peter Halama, Jana Tencerová, Branislav Uhrecký","doi":"10.1080/17482631.2024.2438831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2024.2438831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the need to hospitalize a large number of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, the psychological conditions of hospitalized patients were often overlooked. This study focuses on the qualitative analysis of the subjective experiences of patients with a severe COVID-19 disease in Slovakia during hospitalization. A total of 27 Slovak participants (11 men and 16 women, mean age 57.10 years) who were hospitalized with severe COVID-19 disease were interviewed about their subjective experiences during hospitalization. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. The main themes included negative emotions such as distress, discomfort with the illness, discomfort with the medical environment and helplessness. The main sources of distress were the sense of isolation, witnessing the death of another patient, own death concerns, and concerns for others. Sources and strategies used by patients to improve their mental state included interpersonal resources such as contact with relatives and friends, instrumental support from them, mutual help among patients and professional psychological support. Interpersonal resources included optimism, hope, religion and spirituality, recollection of significant others, and reconciliation with the possibility of death. The results have implications for medical staff as they help them to understand the psychological state of COVID-19 patients during hospitalization and can inform psychological interventions to improve hospital care for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51468,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being","volume":"20 1","pages":"2438831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconciling data actionability and accountability in global health research: The case of SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Nathanael Sheehan, Sabina Leonelli","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2024.2436422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2024.2436422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The requirements for actionability and accountability in data infrastructures are often viewed as incompatible, creating a trade-off where enhancing one diminishes the other. Through a comparative analysis of two data infrastructures used to share genomic data about the SARS-CoV-2 virus, we argue that making data actionable for knowledge development involves a commitment to ensuring that the data in question are representative of the phenomena being studied and accountable to data subjects and users. This in turn presupposes that: (1) enough data are contributed by a wide and diverse set of relevant sources; (2) mechanisms of feedback and inclusion are set up to ensure that data contributors can participate in data governance and interpretation, thereby helping to adequately contextualise data; and (3) accountability extends to the ways in which data infrastructures are run, financed and positioned vis-à-vis the communities they are meant to serve. Such a model of data sharing can only work on the understanding that data do not need to be easily accessible to be actionable; rather, actionability depends on the responsiveness and accountability of data infrastructures, and the efforts invested in ensuring open communication among contributors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"20 1","pages":"2436422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'They did not care for me. I was alone on bed like a dead person': A qualitative study on mistreatment, dignity and power during childbirth in Nepal.","authors":"Rejina Gurung, Sibylle Herzig Van Wees","doi":"10.1080/17441692.2024.2439887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2024.2439887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mistreatment during institutional childbirth is multifactorial and can have a detrimental effect on women's health and future care-seeking behaviour. Understanding its determinants is essential for improving respectful maternity care. This study aimed to explore women's experiences of mistreatment during childbirth in Nepal. Sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted with women who had recently given birth in a tertiary health facility (between 5 and 16 weeks postpartum). Participants were selected using purposive sampling to ensure a heterogenous sample. Data were analysed using Nvivo12, following Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach. Four themes were identified: (1) mistreatment and undignified care, (2) health system constraints, (3) adverse hospital culture, (4) power and territorial display. Mistreatment and undignified care included abuse, threats, neglect, inadequate communication, painful medical procedures and lack of autonomy. Health system constraints included inadequate resources and overcrowding. Adverse hospital culture was characterised by work stress among health professionals, a rigid hierarchical structure and the normalisation of mistreatment practices. Power and territoriality were evident in an atmosphere of fear for women with restricted companionship during birth. Favorable institutional strategies and tailored interventions are needed to eliminate solitary births and to provide women-centered respectful care by motivated and competent health professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12735,"journal":{"name":"Global Public Health","volume":"20 1","pages":"2439887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemostatic changes following COVID-19 vaccination: Do they promote a pro-thrombotic state?","authors":"Tarinee Rungjirajittranon, Yupa Nakkinkun, Bundarika Suwanawiboon, Yingyong Chinthammitr, Weerapat Owattanapanich, Theera Ruchutrakool","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2439627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2439627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>TCTR20240812005.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"21 1","pages":"2439627"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA damage in prepared semen is negatively associated with semen quality and fertilisation rate in assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatment.","authors":"Bashar Altakroni, Helen Hunter, Greg Horne, Daniel R Brison, Andrew C Povey","doi":"10.1080/14647273.2024.2442450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14647273.2024.2442450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sperm DNA contains strand breaks and base damage that can potentially affect reproductive health. This study aims to determine to what extent sperm DNA integrity and alkylation is associated with semen quality and assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatment outcomes, in particular fertilisation and cleavage rates. Male partners of couples attending for infertility treatment were recruited. DNA integrity (% tail DNA, sperm with either low (LDD) or high (HDD) damage levels) was measured by a neutral Comet assay and N7-methyldeoxyguanosine (N7-MedG) DNA levels by an immunoslotblot in sperm prepared by density gradient centrifugation. Associations between DNA damage, semen quality and ART treatment outcomes were assessed. N7-MedG levels were lower and the proportion of LDD sperm higher in prepared than in neat sperm samples. The proportion of HDD sperm and % tail DNA were significantly negatively associated and the proportion of LDD sperm positively associated with semen quality. Fertilisation, but not cleavage, rate nor live birth, was significantly negatively associated with N7-MedG levels, the proportion of HDD sperm and % tail DNA and was positively associated with the proportion of LDD sperm. These results confirm that DNA damage, even in prepared sperm, is associated with adverse semen quality and suggest that sperm DNA damage affects the early stages of embryo formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13006,"journal":{"name":"Human Fertility","volume":"28 1","pages":"2442450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of radiofrequency renal denervation for uncontrolled hypertension in Canada.","authors":"Philip A McFarlane, Mina Madan, Anne M Ryschon, Sheldon Tobe, Ernesto L Schiffrin, Raj S Padwal, Ross Feldman, George Dresser, Lindsay Machan, Hamid Sadri, Khoa N Cao, Jan B Pietzsch","doi":"10.1080/13696998.2024.2441072","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13696998.2024.2441072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Catheter-based radiofrequency renal denervation (RF RDN) is an interventional treatment for uncontrolled hypertension. This analysis explored the therapy's lifetime cost-effectiveness in a Canadian healthcare setting.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A decision-analytic Markov model was used to project health events, costs, and quality-adjusted life years over a lifetime horizon. Seven primary health states were modeled, including hypertension alone, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), other symptomatic coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and death. Multivariate risk equations and a meta-regression of hypertension trials informed transition probabilities. Contemporary clinical evidence from the SPYRAL HTN-ON MED trial informed the base case treatment effect (-4.9 mmHg change in office systolic blood pressure (oSBP) observed vs. sham control). Costs were sourced from published literature. A 1.5% discount rate was applied to costs and effects, and the resulting incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was evaluated against a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000 per QALY gained. Extensive scenario and sensitivity analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 10 years, RF RDN resulted in relative risk reduction in clinical events (0.80 for stroke, 0.88 for MI, and 0.72 for HF). Under the base case assumptions, RF RDN was found to add 0.51 (15.81 vs. 15.30) QALYs at an incremental cost of $6,031 ($73,971 vs. $67,040) over a lifetime, resulting in an ICER of $11,809 per QALY gained. Cost-effectiveness findings were found robust in sensitivity analyses, with the 95% confidence interval for the ICER based on 10,000 simulations ranging from $4,489 to $22,587 per QALY gained.</p><p><strong>Limitations and conclusion: </strong>Model projections suggest RF RDN, under assumed maintained treatment effect, is a cost-effective treatment strategy for uncontrolled hypertension in the Canadian healthcare system based on meaningful reductions in clinical events.</p>","PeriodicalId":16229,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Economics","volume":" ","pages":"70-80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}