医学最新文献

{"title":"Changed profiles of SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells in asthmatics with different blood eosinophil counts.","authors":"Fengming Zhao, Yiting Luo, Bizhou Li, Dengxia Denise Fan, Ziyuan Xiang, Jing Li, Nanshan Zhong, Ruchong Chen","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2024.2424642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2024.2424642","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2424642"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Countering antimicrobial resistance.","authors":"B Adhikari, P Parajuli, S Lippmann","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2024.2411807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2024.2411807","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2411807"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for patients with metastatic non-squamous NSCLC: Real-world evidence.","authors":"Irina Surovtsova, Felix J F Herth, Daria B Kokh, Philipp Morakis","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2457856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2025.2457856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pembrolizumab with chemotherapy (immunochemotherapy) has shown encouraging overall survival (OS) benefits in non-squamous mNSCLC, as demonstrated by the KEYNOTE-189 trial. However, randomised controlled trials may not fully capture the diversity of real-world patients. This study aims to evaluate immunochemotherapy outcomes in a real-world setting, including subgroups underrepresented in the KEYNOTE-189 trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with non-squamous mNSCLC 2011-2022 and recorded in Cancer Registry Database of the German Federal State Baden-Württemberg (BWCR), were analysed. OS was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox models, adjusted for major clinical parameters. Results were compared with KEYNOTE-189.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2630 eligible cases, 1314 patients received chemotherapy alone and 1316 received immunochemotherapy. Median OS (mOS) was 14.1 months (95%CI: 13.1-15.4) for immunochemotherapy and 10.4 months (95%CI: 9.7-11.2) for chemotherapy alone, with an HR of 0.7 (95%CI: 0.64-0.77). A significant benefit was seen in M1c stage (HR 0.7, 95%CI: 0.63-0.79). No significant OS improvement was observed in patients with ECOG 2-3 or bone metastases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This real-world evidence suggests that immunochemotherapy generally improves OS in mNSCLC. Subgroup analysis showed no survival benefit for patients with ECOG >1 or bone metastasis, but a benefit for patients with M1c stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2457856"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence: Insights on the methodology and statistics of PAP therapy's impact on BMI.","authors":"Riya Kalra, Etika Rana","doi":"10.1080/25310429.2025.2463711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25310429.2025.2463711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54237,"journal":{"name":"Pulmonology","volume":"31 1","pages":"2463711"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary health-care practices for deaf children should include early incorporation of a signed language.","authors":"Wyatte C Hall, Julia L Hecht","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01564-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01564-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":" ","pages":"2498-2500"},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis of the efficacy of different blue light therapy methods for neonatal jaundice.","authors":"Ruoya Wu, Lingling Wen","doi":"10.1080/14767058.2024.2430649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2024.2430649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze and evaluate the efficacy of different blue light therapy methods and provide evidence-based recommendations for their selection in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of various blue light therapy methods for neonatal jaundice were retrieved from both domestic and international databases. The search period covered the inception of each database until November 2023. After screening, the quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Literature management was conducted with NoteExpress 3.2, while data collection and extraction were performed using Excel 2003. Statistical analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.4.1. Heterogeneity was assessed using the <i>Q</i> test (<i>p</i> value), and the OR value of the combined effect was calculated using either a fixed-effects or random effects model, depending on the presence of heterogeneity. A forest plot was generated to visualize the results. Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding the largest-weighted study, and the potential for bias in outcome indicators was assessed using a funnel plot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 652 articles were retrieved, with 16 clinical RCTs meeting the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis results indicated that, compared to continuous blue light therapy in the control group, intermittent blue light therapy achieved a higher total effective rate (OR = 1.82, 95%CI (1.25-2.64), <i>p</i> = .002), significantly lower serum bilirubin levels post-treatment (OR = -14.59, 95%CI (-26.11 to -3.08), <i>p</i> = .01), and a shorter time to jaundice resolution (OR = -2.35, 95%CI (-3.83 to -0.87), <i>p</i> = .002). Additionally, the incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the intermittent therapy group compared to the control group (OR = 0.27, 95%CI (0.19-0.36), <i>p</i> < .00001). Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the combined effect size was stable and reliable (OR (95%CI) = -16.23 (-28.67 to -3.79), <i>p</i> = .01). The funnel plot suggested potential publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intermittent blue light therapy is effective and demonstrates significant clinical benefits, making it a valuable treatment option for neonatal jaundice in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50146,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"2430649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research trends and key contributors in studies on influenza vaccines for children: A 20-year bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Ning Sun, Rui Wei, Bochao Jia, Taiwei Lou, Zirong Li, Xiaowei Nie, Wenxiao Yu, Miaoran Wang, Qiuyan Li","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2024.2443281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2443281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, there are over 3 million severe cases of influenza each year, leading to up to half a million deaths. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current status of children's influenza vaccine research over the past 20 years and explores potential future research trends, including improvements in vaccine coverage and strategies to address vaccine hesitancy. We extracted all research data on children's influenza vaccines from 2004 to 2024 using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). The contributions of various countries/regions, institutions, authors, and journals in this field were assessed, and research hotspots as well as promising future trends were predicted through keyword analysis using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. A total of 2,598 related publications from 2004 to 2024 were identified and collected for analysis. The United States (USA) and England emerged as the leading contributors with the highest number of published papers. AstraZeneca was identified as a key leader among research institutions, and Ambrose Christopher S was recognized as the most productive author in this field. The journals <i>Vaccine</i> and <i>Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics</i> stood out as the most prominent publications in this area. The keyword analysis highlighted that international research collaboration maybe a promising strategy for bridging global gaps; Addressing vaccine hesitancy could potentially increase vaccination coverage; Live attenuated vaccines, intranasal administration and universal vaccines are promising directions for future development. These insights highlight potential avenues for improving influenza vaccine coverage and inform strategies to mitigate vaccine hesitancy, crucial for protecting children and enhancing public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"21 1","pages":"2443281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting oxidative stress in preeclampsia.","authors":"Dinara Afrose, Sofía Alfonso-Sánchez, Lana McClements","doi":"10.1080/10641955.2024.2445556","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10641955.2024.2445556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preeclampsia is a complex condition characterized by elevated blood pressure and organ damage involving kidneys or liver, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality for both the mother and the fetus. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress, often caused by mitochondrial dysfunction within fetal trophoblast cells may play a major role in the development and progression of preeclampsia. Oxidative stress occurs as a result of an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the capacity of antioxidant defenses, which can lead to placental cellular damage and endothelial cell dysfunction. Targeting oxidative stress appears to be a promising therapeutic approach that has the potential to improve both short- and long-term maternal and fetal outcomes, thus reducing the global burden of preeclampsia. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive account of the mechanisms of oxidative stress in preeclampsia. Furthermore, it also examines potential interventions for reducing oxidative stress in preeclampsia, including natural antioxidant supplements, lifestyle modifications, mitochondrial targeting antioxidants, and pharmacological agents.A better understanding of the mechanism of action of proposed therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress is essential for the identification of companion biomarkers and personalized medicine approaches for the development of effective treatments of preeclampsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13054,"journal":{"name":"Hypertension in Pregnancy","volume":"44 1","pages":"2445556"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction of cell death in malignant cells and regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment by targeting CD137.","authors":"Rui Sun, Kang Yi Lee, Yu Mei, Emily Nickles, Jia Le Lin, Runze Xia, Haiyan Liu, Herbert Schwarz","doi":"10.1080/2162402X.2024.2443265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2162402X.2024.2443265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regulatory T cells (Tregs) contribute significantly to the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment which is a main barrier for immunotherapies of solid cancers. Reducing Treg numbers enhances anti-tumor immune responses but current depletion strategies also impair effector T cells (Teffs), potentially leading to reduced anti-tumor immunity and/or autoimmune diseases. CD137 has been identified as the most differentially expressed gene between peripheral Tregs and intratumoral Tregs in virtually all solid cancers. Further, CD137 is expressed by malignant cells of certain cancers, making it a potential target for tumor immunotherapy. Here, we report the development of a fully human anti-human CD137 antibody of the IgG1 isotype, clone P1A1, that induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in CD137⁺ Tregs and cancer cells. P1A1 cross-reacts with murine CD137 which allowed testing murine chimeric P1A1 in syngeneic murine tumor models where P1A1 significantly reduced the number of CD137⁺ Tregs and inhibited tumor growth in a murine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and a melanoma lung metastasis model. P1A1 can also be internalized thus enabling it as a carrier for drugs to target CD137⁺ Tregs and cancer cells. These anti-cancer properties suggest a translation of P1A1 to human immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48714,"journal":{"name":"Oncoimmunology","volume":"14 1","pages":"2443265"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicomponent body composition of university club sport athletes.","authors":"Dale R Wagner, Edward M Heath, Sara A Harper, Elizabeth A Cafferty, Masaru Teramoto, Alyssa Evans, Tate Burch, Jacob McBride, Steven Spencer, Michael N Vakula","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2446575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2446575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The body composition of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes is well documented but no such data exist for university club sports athletes. Additionally, the majority of norms for NCAA athletes were created from individual methods requiring assumptions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study used a four-component (4C) model to measure the body composition of university club sports athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected on club athletes participating in baseball, climbing, cycling, figure skating, gymnastics, ice hockey, lacrosse, pickleball, powerlifting, racquetball, rodeo, rugby, soccer, swimming, ultimate, and volleyball. The 4C model consisted of body volume, total body water, and bone mineral content measured by air displacement plethysmography, bioimpedance spectroscopy, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively. Percentile ranks were created for body fat percentage (%BF) and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Mean differences across teams were quantified with Cohen's <i>d</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 225 athletes (137 men, 88 women) completed data collection. Athletes varied in competitive experience (1 to 22 y) and body mass index (16.9 to 36.4 kg·m^-2). The density of the FFM was significantly greater than the assumed value of 1.100 g·cm^-3 for both men (<i>p</i> = .043) and women (<i>p</i> = .011). The %BF ranged from 4.9% to 35.7% (14.3 ± 5.8% BF) for men and from 15.5% to 42.8% (25.2 ± 6.0% BF) for women. FFMI ranged from 15.6 kg·m^-2 to 26.8 kg·m^-2 (30.0 kg·m^-2 outlier removed) for men and from 14.1 kg·m^-2 to 22.6 kg·m^-2 for women. Differences across sports in %BF and FFMI were considered large-sized effects (<i>d</i> ≥ 0.80) for both men and women. Weight-sensitive sports (e.g. cycling and climbing) had the lightest athletes and were among the leanest, whereas power athletes (e.g. powerlifting and rugby) were among the heaviest athletes and had the highest FFMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differences in %BF and FFMI are evident across sports. Due to the small sample size, use caution when interpreting the data as reference values for club sports athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"22 1","pages":"2446575"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}