环境科学与生态学最新文献

{"title":"Maternal exposure to Aristolochic Acid I affects meiotic I progression by impairing DNA damage repair in fetal oocytes","authors":"Yidan Ma ,&nbsp;Yi Hong ,&nbsp;Rufei Gao ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanqing Geng ,&nbsp;Xin Yin ,&nbsp;Xuemei Chen ,&nbsp;Fangfang Li ,&nbsp;Xinyi Mu ,&nbsp;Junlin He","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aristolochic acid I (AAI), the predominant compound in <em>Aristolochiaceae</em> plants and <em>Asarum</em> species, is a widespread environmental contaminant capable of accumulating in soil, contaminating water and crops, ultimately entering the human body. Its nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, and reproductive toxic effects pose significant health concerns. This study investigates the impact of maternal AAI exposure on meiotic prophase I (MPI) during early fetal oogenesis. Pregnant mice were orally administered AAI at doses of 0.03125, 0.125, and 1 mg/kg from 14.5 to 16.5 dpc, with fetal ovaries collected at 17.5 dpc. AAI exposure induced meiotic defects in fetal oocytes, including delayed progression of MPI, increased DNA damage, and impaired homologous recombination. Furthermore, AAI induced oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and triggered apoptosis, leading to a diminished ovarian reserve in neonatal ovaries. Mechanistically, these defects were mediated by heat shock proteins which altered protein-protein interactions crucial for DNA repair. Given the pivotal role of early oogenesis in determining female fertility and ensuring the health of offspring, these findings underscore the potential reproductive risks of AAI exposure during pregnancy. This study highlights the urgent need for greater awareness of foodborne contaminants and the implementation of preventative measures to mitigate maternal AAI exposure, thereby safeguarding offspring fertility and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 118137"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute toxicity of three alkylbenzene sulfonates in six freshwater aquatic species","authors":"H. Hanana ,&nbsp;È.A.M. Gilroy ,&nbsp;A.J. Bartlett ,&nbsp;C.J. Bennett ,&nbsp;C.J. Brinovcar ,&nbsp;L. Brown ,&nbsp;S. Clarence ,&nbsp;A.O. De Silva ,&nbsp;P.L. Gillis ,&nbsp;A. Hedges ,&nbsp;H. Khan ,&nbsp;C. Lavalle ,&nbsp;J.L. Parrott ,&nbsp;V. Pham-Ho ,&nbsp;J. Salerno ,&nbsp;K. Shires ,&nbsp;M. Houde","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkylbenzene sulfonates (ABS) are surfactants widely used in residential and commercial products. To support the environmental risk assessment of these compounds, the acute toxicity of three ABS, linear (<em>n</em>-ABS), branched (BABS), and alkyl phenoxybenzene sulfonates (APBS), was evaluated using six aquatic organisms from different trophic levels (algae, daphnid, amphipod, mussel, snail, and fish). This approach allowed direct comparisons among species to provide insights into species sensitivity to these surfactants, and among compounds to provide information on those with a lack of ecotoxicity data (e.g., BABS, APBS). Endpoints related to survival, growth, and physiological changes were recorded. Comparisons among the three ABS were based on nominal concentrations due to the absence of pure analytical standards for APBS. However, analytical methods were developed for BABS and available for <em>n</em>-ABS, so effects of these compounds were also evaluated based on measured concentrations. Results showed differences in sensitivity among compounds for all species exposed to environmental concentrations of ABS, except for snails, which showed similar sensitivity to all surfactants and were among the most tolerant species. Based on nominal concentrations, the EC50/LC50 values for <em>n</em>-ABS, BABS, and APBS ranged, respectively, from 5.0 to 17.8 mg/L, 7.3 to 25.6 mg/L, and 3.5 to &gt; 100 mg/L. The most sensitive species to <em>n</em>-ABS were fish, mussels, and amphipods, while amphipods and mussels were the most sensitive to BABS and APBS, respectively. Species sensitivity was also evaluated using measured concentrations of <em>n</em>-ABS and BABS. The results indicated that EC50/LC50 values varied from 1.24 to 13.13 mg/L and from 1.53 to 5.21 mg/L for <em>n</em>-ABS and BABS, respectively, and were in the range of concentrations reported in environmental surface waters. Amphipods and mussels could therefore be relevant sensitive model organisms for the environmental risk assessment of <em>n</em>-ABS and BABS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 118127"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma tRNA-derived small RNAs mediated the association between benzo[a]pyrene exposure with lung cancer risk among Chinese adults from a case-control study","authors":"Yang Xiao ,&nbsp;Chenliang Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Guan ,&nbsp;Ye Fu ,&nbsp;Ming Fu ,&nbsp;Shiru Hong ,&nbsp;Chenming Wang ,&nbsp;Yuhan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yangkai Li ,&nbsp;Meian He ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Zhang ,&nbsp;Huan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to benzo[<em>a</em>]pyrene (BaP) could lead to the development of lung cancer, but the potential mechanisms are complex and remain largely unclear. Plasma tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA), a new type epigenetic biomarker of cancer, might link environment exposure with lung cancer. Based on this case-control study of 272 participants recruited from China, we aim to reveal the plasma tsRNA signature of lung cancer and their mediation effects on BaP-induced lung cancer. We sequenced tsRNA profiles and detected the adducts of Benzo[<em>a</em>]pyrene diol epoxide-albumin (BPDE-Alb) in plasma samples. We applied linear regression models to estimate associations between the adducts of BPDE-Alb, normalized tsRNA and the risk of lung cancer. We used mediation analysis to explore the mediation roles of tsRNAs in BaP-associated lung cancer. We identified 104 tsRNAs significantly related to the risk of lung cancer (Bonferroni adjusted <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Among these 104 tsRNAs, 17 tsRNAs were expressed at different concentrations between before and after lung cancer surgery groups with |fold change| &gt; 2 at Bonferroni adjusted <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05. In addition, of these 17 tsRNAs, the adducts of BPDE-Alb were associated with 5’-M-tRNA-Glu-CTC-1–1-L36, i-M-tRNA-Met-CAT-1–1-L24_pos29 and i-M-tRNA-Ala-AGC-2–2-L16_pos16, which could mediate a separate 40.8 %, 39.1 % and 36.8 % of the association between BaP exposure with lung cancer. Our study identified tsRNAs potentially mediating BaP-associated lung cancer development, and revealed tsRNAs as promising biomarkers of lung cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":303,"journal":{"name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 118129"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of metals pollution in seawater and sediment from the western Xuwen offshore area, Leizhou Peninsula, China","authors":"Hongbin Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Shen ,&nbsp;Jian-Yu Dong ,&nbsp;Gorka Bidegain ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated metals pollution in the western Xuwen offshore area (Leizhou Peninsula, China) by analyzing seawater and sediment samples collected during summer 2021–2022. The concentrations, distribution patterns, and ecological risks of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, As, Cu, and Zn were assessed using water quality index (<em>WQI</em>), degree of contamination index (<em>DC</em>), geo-accumulation index (<em>I</em>_<em>geo</em>), metals pollution index (<em>HPI</em>), pollution load index (<em>PLI</em>), and potential ecological risk index (<em>RI</em>). Results showed metals levels varied spatially and temporally. The <em>WQI</em> and <em>DC</em> indices indicated low seawater pollution across stations in both years, while <em>HPI</em> highlighted site-specific contamination in 2021. Sediment analysis revealed reduced pollution in 2022, suggesting an improvement in ecological quality. The findings emphasized the need for targeted monitoring of identified high-risk areas and inconsistencies in single-metric evaluations. Furthermore, this study provides information for evidence-based policy frameworks for regional coastal management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18215,"journal":{"name":"Marine pollution bulletin","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 117925"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel deep learning-based floating garbage detection approach and its effectiveness evaluation in environmentally sustainable development","authors":"Yuhai Zheng ,&nbsp;Xizhi Nong ,&nbsp;Lihua Chen ,&nbsp;Di Long","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Floating garbage removal is an essential environmental strategy to reduce water pollution and achieve environmental sustainability, and it is a pressing issue for global ecological restoration. Under the interference of complex environments, floating garbage will gather, overlap, and change its shape due to water flow and wind. Efficient and automatic detection and collection of floating garbage gathered on the water surface is a challenging environmental management task. This study proposed an efficient and economical deep learning solution based on YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once v8). By improving the backbone, introducing the Wise-Powerful IoU loss, and adding the AuxHead detection head, the negative impact of complex environmental factors was effectively compressed, and the detection mean Average Precision(mAP) of the surface model aggregated floating garbage was improved to 89.4 %. The Precision(P) was improved to 95.8 %. The model size is only 18.8 MB, and the number of model parameters is reduced by 32.2 % compared with the original model. The proposed model addresses the challenging issue of detecting aggregated floating garbage on the water surface, and the lightweight model is also more conducive to promoting outdoor use. The research results can improve the aggregated floating garbage collection rate by up to 61.5 % compared with the mainstream model Faster R-CNN. It can save up to about 1730.3 kW·h of electricity per ton of recycled waste oil and reduce the emission of 452.7 kg of CO₂ and 2328.8t of water pollution. The scheme is superior to the current technical level in terms of detection Precision and mean Average Precision and makes essential scientific contributions to the protection and restoration of water ecosystems, energy conservation, emission reduction, and carbon reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 125154"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine food web trophic interaction of trace elements and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in Rabigh lagoon, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mohammed Othman Aljahdali ,&nbsp;Abdullahi Bala Alhassan","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase in heavy metal pollution in mangrove ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities has been on the increase and has been studied previously. However, there is a need for a better understanding of the use of stable isotopes of carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) to establish trophic levels (TL) and their contamination in the food web. In this study, samples of sediment, mangrove, algae, seagrasses, crustacean, poriferans, echinoderms, molluscs, cnidarian and fishes were collected for determination of trace elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni and Co) and stable isotopes. Varian 720-ES inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) and Thermo elementary analyser–ConFlo IV–Delta V Advantage mass spectrometer were used for the analysis of metals and stable isotopes respectively. The food web structure of Rabigh lagoon mangrove comprises a group of organisms such as crustacean (crab), porifera (sponges), echinoderm (starfish), mollusc (aquatic snails) and cnidarian (coral) in the second trophic level (TL = 1.0–2.0). For the third trophic level (TL = 2–3), <em>Platycephalus bassensis</em> (TL = 2.96) and <em>Scomber</em> sp. (TL = 2.30) belonging to the taxonomic group fishes are the two organisms in this trophic level. However, from the 9 trace elements determined, only Cd and Pb recorded excessive bioconcentration in the species. In terms of Total Magnification Factor (TMF) and metal concentrations, there was significant biodilution of all trace elements determined in this study except for Pb (TMF = 0.72; <em>p &gt;</em> 0.05) and Co across the extracted food web consisting of molluscs, crustacean and fishes. Biodilution of Pb was not significant across the trophic levels of the food web. This study provides baseline information on the food web structure and transfer of trace elements across the food web of Rabigh mangrove, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"975 ","pages":"Article 179245"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greywater reuse for irrigation: A critical review of suitability, treatment, and risks","authors":"Muhammed Nimet Hamidi","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Greywater accounts for approximately 75 % of domestic wastewater and generally contains fewer contaminants than domestic wastewater. Therefore, its treatment and reuse represent a promising approach to supplement irrigation demand. This study comprehensively evaluates the quality characteristics of greywater based on its source, applied treatment methods, and its potential health, environmental, soil, and agricultural impacts. Various physical, chemical, and biological treatment processes have been analysed, with the most commonly employed technologies including membrane bioreactors (MBRs), constructed wetlands, media filtration (sand, activated carbon), disinfection methods (UV, chlorine, ozone), and advanced oxidation processes. The effectiveness of these methods has been assessed concerning the intended reuse application, emphasizing the critical role of disinfection in ensuring safe irrigation use. The health and environmental implications of greywater reuse have been examined, focusing on the risks associated with pathogen contamination, detergent residues, and micropollutants, while also evaluating the efficiency of treatment processes in mitigating these risks. From an environmental perspective, the accumulation of essential nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, the potential for salinity buildup, and alterations in soil microbial balance have been investigated. Regarding soil and agricultural impacts, this study analyzes how greywater reuse influences soil structure (e.g., permeability, infiltration), plant growth responses, and the accumulation of heavy metals. These findings contribute to the development of scientifically grounded recommendations for the safe and sustainable reuse of greywater within water management strategies, promoting its role as an alternative water source for irrigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"975 ","pages":"Article 179272"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aged microplastics-induced growth inhibition via DNA damage, GH/IGF-1 and HPT axes disruption in zebrafish larvae","authors":"Qing Ge ,&nbsp;Tong Zheng ,&nbsp;Ping Ding ,&nbsp;Zhenyuan Li ,&nbsp;Xihua Lin ,&nbsp;Xintong Li ,&nbsp;Miao He ,&nbsp;Guocheng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating use of microplastics (MPs) has led to the widespread exposure of aquatic organisms. The associated toxicities of MPs may be influenced by photoaging. However, the toxicity of aged MPs at environmentally relevant concentrations to aquatic organisms remains unclear. Therefore, our study focused on assessing the effects of aged polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on the development of zebrafish. Here, using simulated sunlight, we investigated the endocrine and developmental toxicity of embryo-larvae exposed to pristine PS-MPs (1 μm) and aged PS-MPs at environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.1–100 μg/L. The alterations in PS-MPs characteristics using photoaging were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results suggested that photoaging altered physicochemical characteristics of PS-MPs. The assessment of physiological indicators revealed that exposure to aged PS-MPs significantly inhibited the growth of larval zebrafish compared to pristine PS-MPs with endpoints of body length, heartbeat rate and tail coiling frequency. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that aged PS-MPs exposure perturbed the hormones levels (GH, IGF-1, T3 and T4) and gene expression <strong>(</strong>e.g., <em>gh, igf1, trh</em> and <em>ugt1ab)</em> related to growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. Moreover, 8-OHdG levels were significantly altered in zebrafish larvae exposed to aged PS-MPs, and Pearson correlation results showed significant associations between 8-OHdG levels and GH/IGF-1 and HPT axis-related genes. Overall, these results indicated that the growth inhibition of larval was attributed to DNA damage, HPT and GH/IGF axes disruption, providing new insights into the environmental effects and health risks of MPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"975 ","pages":"Article 179215"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Megafire’—You May Not Like It, But You Cannot Avoid It","authors":"Grant D. Linley,&nbsp;Chris J. Jolly,&nbsp;Tim S. Doherty,&nbsp;William L. Geary,&nbsp;Dolors Armenteras,&nbsp;Claire M. Belcher,&nbsp;Rebecca Bliege Bird,&nbsp;Andrea Duane,&nbsp;Michael-Shawn Fletcher,&nbsp;Melisa A. Giorgis,&nbsp;Angie Haslem,&nbsp;Gavin M. Jones,&nbsp;Luke T. Kelly,&nbsp;Calvin K. F. Lee,&nbsp;Rachael H. Nolan,&nbsp;Catherine L. Parr,&nbsp;Juli G. Pausas,&nbsp;Jodi N. Price,&nbsp;Adrián Regos,&nbsp;Euan G. Ritchie,&nbsp;Julien Ruffault,&nbsp;Grant J. Williamson,&nbsp;Qianhan Wu,&nbsp;Dale G. Nimmo","doi":"10.1111/geb.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The term ‘megafire’ is increasingly used to describe large fires worldwide. We proposed a size-based definition of megafire—fires exceeding 10,000 ha arising from single or multiple related ignition events. A recent perspective in <i>Global Ecology and Biogeography</i> argues against a size-based definition of megafire and suggest that the term is too emotive for scientific use. We highlight that many scientific terms originate from common terms. These terms are often defined once they enter the scientific lexicon, enhancing both scientific understanding and public communication. We argue that standardised definitions facilitate better prediction, preparation, and management of fire events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Worldwide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2022–2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted an updated structured review of the term ‘megafire’ and its use and definition in the peer-reviewed scientific literature, collating definitions and descriptions and identifying the criteria frequently invoked to define the term.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrate an increase in the use of ‘megafire’ in the scientific literature since our original definition in 2022, with many studies adopting the &gt; 10,000 ha size-based criterion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We contend that abandoning the term is neither practical, possible, nor beneficial. Instead, consistent usage underpinned by clear definitions is essential. Adopting a clear, size-based definition of megafire strengthens clarity and comparability across research and management practices globally. Precision in terminology is crucial for advancing research, improving communication, and informing effective fire management and policy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the function of key species in different composting stages for effective waste biotransformation","authors":"Shang Ding ,&nbsp;Jialin Zhong ,&nbsp;Shuwen Du ,&nbsp;Xiaofan Liu ,&nbsp;Aiping Yao ,&nbsp;Xinhua Xu ,&nbsp;Donglei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composting is a microbial-driven process that plays a vital role in recycling waste and promoting sustainable production. To develop more effective bioaugmentation strategies, this study examined three successive stages in an aerobic composting system, focusing on microbial community adaptation to high-temperature stress (mode_2) and nutrient-poor conditions (mode_3). The results revealed a shift from an r-strategy (rapid growth) to a K-strategy (thriving under resource-limited conditions). Community succession was predominantly driven by deterministic processes (&gt;90 %) and exhibited strong cooperative interactions. Using multiple statistical approaches, key species were identified for each condition. These species enhanced microbial network connectivity under environmental stresses, increasing network edges by 29 %–35 %. Under high-temperature stress, <em>Bacillus</em> and <em>Ureibacillus</em> maintained core functions, while <em>Chelativorans</em> and <em>Aeribacillus</em> contributed to key metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism. In nutrient-poor conditions, <em>Saccharomonospora</em> and <em>Pseudoxanthomonas</em> enhanced overall system functionality, and <em>Novibacillus</em> played a key role in carbon and nitrogen cycling, particularly nitrogen fixation. Predictive models for microbial community stability (R² = 0.68–0.97) were developed based on these key species to enable rapid assessment of system stability. Overall, this study identifies essential microbes involved in composting across different environmental conditions and clarifies their functional roles, providing valuable insights for optimizing aerobic composting efficiency and advancing waste resource management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 125234"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}