环境科学与生态学最新文献

{"title":"Auto-photocatalytic valorization of ZnS into ZnS/ZnO nanocomposite using O₃/UV oxidation for photocatalytic dye degradation.","authors":"Jamshid Behin, Pegah Amiri, Sahar Ghabaee","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cost-effective valorization of zinc sulfide (ZnS), by-product from desulfurization of zinc oxide (ZnO), poses a significant challenge due to energy requirement under high temperature and reaction time. This study introduces an innovative synthesis of ZnS/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) from ZnS nanoparticles (NPs) for environmental remediation. Aqueous colloidal solution of ZnS NPs (10 g/L) was oxidized in an airlift photoreactor (5 L) at room-temperature using ozone (O₃) and ozone/ultraviolet (O₃/UV), respectively. The effects of pH (3-11), time (10-90 min), and oxidation modes were explored on oxygen content (OC) of NCs. The optimization results using RSM showed that higher pHs and longer reaction times led to increased OC of NCs up to 7.14 and 11.12 wt% in O₃ and O₃/UV oxidation, respectively. Interaction of O₃/UV and ZnS exerts a dual-effect involving O₃-induced oxidation of ZnS, and promoted-photocatalytic role of ZnS precursor (auto-photocatalytic effect). This effect facilitates ZnS to ZnO conversion and enhances reaction kinetics across a broader pH range. Optical bandgap analysis revealed a decrease in the bandgap energy from 3.70 eV for ZnS NPs to 3.41 eV for ZnS/ZnO NCs synthesized under O₃/UV (pH: 11 and time: 90 min). The proposed method was subsequently applied to spent ZnS NPs, yielding in ZnS/ZnO NCs with an OC of 9.32 wt%. The NCs synthesized from virgin and spent ZnS NPs were used for photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye and the efficiencies of 91 and 98 % were achieved, respectively. Both NCs demonstrated reusable and environmentally friendly waste valorization, retaining 62-72 % efficiency after four recycling cycles. Cost-effectiveness of the suggested approach was also demonstrated in photocatalytic dye degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126166"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of machine learning algorithms for the prediction of disinfection byproducts formation during chlorination: Effect of background water characteristics.","authors":"Gamze Ersan, Eda Goz, Tanju Karanfil","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the comparison of the nonlinear machine learning algorithms and linear regression models to predict the formation of trihalomethanes (THM4), haloacetic acids (HAA5 and HAA9), and haloacetonitriles (HAN4 and HAN6) under uniform formation conditions in chlorinated waters. A wide range of water sources including wastewater effluent organic matters (EfOM), laboratory grown algal organic matters (AOM) samples from different algal species, and raw/treated/isolated natural organic matter (NOM) samples were selected to investigate background water effect on the model performance. Models for THM4, HAA5, HAA9, HAN4 and HAN6 formation were developed for all water sources combined (including NOM, AOM, and EfOM-impacted waters) and for NOM separately. The results showed that Least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) delivered the best performance for both regulated THM (R²_train/R²_test: 0.92/0.80) and HAA5 (R²_train/R²_test: 0.91/0.72), while Kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) outperformed the other models for unregulated HAN4 (R²_train/R²_test: 0.89/0.70) and HAN6 (R²_train/R²_test: 0.91/0.41), across all water sources. For individual NOM waters, the Artificial neural network (ANN) model outperformed in predicting THMs (R²_train/R²_test: 0.97/0.94), HAA9 (R²_train/R²_test: 0.92/0.84), HAN4 (R²_train/R²_test: 0.98/0.96), and HAN6 (R²_train/R²_test: 0.98/0.89), emphasizing its ability to generalize across narrower, more specific datasets. This suggests that while LS-SVM and KELM models are more effective for both regulated and unregulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) modeling as the variability in water source characteristics increases, the ANN model excels for more homogeneous DBP precursor types. These findings indicate the importance of selecting the appropriate modeling approach and the characteristics of the datasets for DBP modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126144"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cyber threats on environmental, social, and governance performance.","authors":"Kaouther Chebbi","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the relationship between cybersecurity risk and corporate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, with a particular focus on the moderating role of CEO duality in shaping strategic responses to digital threats. Drawing on a large sample of 14,036 firm-year observations from U.S.-listed firms between 2005 and 2018, we find that heightened exposure to cybersecurity risk is significantly associated with improved ESG performance, particularly in the environmental dimension. Our results further indicate that this positive association is amplified in firms where the CEO also serves as the board chair, suggesting that centralized leadership structures enhance strategic agility and resource allocation in response to emerging risks. We address potential endogeneity concerns using robust econometric techniques, including two-stage least squares (2SLS) and Heckman selection models, confirming the reliability of our findings. These insights extend current ESG frameworks by incorporating digital resilience as an emerging driver of sustainability performance and enrich governance theory by highlighting the contextual influence of CEO duality on risk management strategies. The study offers practical implications for corporate leaders, investors, and policymakers. Firms can leverage cybersecurity risk management as a catalyst for strengthening ESG practices, particularly in sectors exposed to high digital risks. Governance structures that enable swift decision-making may enhance firms' capacity to align cybersecurity and sustainability goals. Policymakers are encouraged to consider integrating cybersecurity metrics into ESG disclosure frameworks to promote more comprehensive corporate accountability and resilience in the digital era.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126184"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages of marketable habitat enhancement plants for pollinator protection notably in low-and middle-income countries.","authors":"Stefanie Christmann, Youssef Bencharki, Ahlam Sentil, Moulay Chrif Smaili, Axel Ssymank, Athanasios Tsivelikas, Aden Aw-Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The decline of pollinators is reported worldwide. The most widely promoted protection approach, wildflower strips, is disliked by farmers and therefore often supported by agroecological schemes. They can neither bend pollinator decline in the European Union nor is this approach affordable for the Global South. Wildflower strips address pollinator decline at the level of plant-pollinator networks, while in the Anthropocene, humans are the crucial factor. Therefore, we tested an alternative approach, Farming with Alternative Pollinators (FAP), which focusses on humans' interests, e.g. productivity, income, and pest control as farmers' interests. Based on 31 trials in 233 smallholder fields in four very different agroecosystems with seven main crops and 27 marketable habitat enhancement plants (MHEP) and an ex-post farmer survey in Morocco, we analyzed the potential of MHEP to sustain diverse flower visitors, promote pest control and adoption by farmers. The four agroecosystems are common across the Mediterranean region. MHEP attracted higher diversity and abundance of flower visitors and natural enemies over a prolonged flowering period. MHEP supported pest control by push-pull effects. 68 % of FAP farmers adopted their use. Some MHEP have been identified as best performing both by scientists and farmers, so that in Morocco, the antagonism between scientists requesting pollinator protection and farmers insisting on business requirements has been minimized. We recommend similar multidisciplinary studies for more regions to clarify whether, in the long-term and globally, MHEP and the FAP approach could promote pollinator protection more economically and effectively than wildflower strips and agroecological schemes.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126088"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate statistic validation of pH and ORP data as control inputs for biological nitrogen removal at full scale.","authors":"A Robles, D Aguado, A Ríos-Mejía, J P Gallardo-Mejías, L Pastor, M V Ruano","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to validate oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pH as input data for different advanced control strategies aimed at optimizing biological nitrogen removal under minimum aeration energy demand. For this purpose, a statistical multivariate projection approach was applied to different control inputs calculated from on-line ORP and pH data provided by several sensors installed in different locations of a full-scale plug-flow reactor, aiming to find the strongest correlations with the data provided by nitrogen-based sensors. It has been shown that pH and ORP data can be used as control inputs for optimizing the performance of continuous nitrification, SND, and denitrification processes. Specifically, the controllers were implemented based on the derivative signals from pH and ORP instead of on their absolute values. Multivariate projection methods have displayed and evidenced strong correlations of derivative pH and ORP data with the data obtained from nitrogen-based sensors. Moreover, pH and ORP derivative signals enhance the controller's resilience to sensor faults and data biases, as these signals are less affected by these issues compared to absolute signals and signal differences from different locations along the biological process.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126255"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to square the circle? A conceptual framework synergising strategies for circular agriculture to tackle climate change and enhance overall on-farm sustainability.","authors":"Sinéad O'Keeffe, Sophie Stein, Michael Curran, Lukas Baumgart, Sabine Zikeli, Marianna Siegmund-Schultze","doi":"10.1007/s13280-025-02154-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13280-025-02154-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an urgent need to change the current extractive and resource-intensive agricultural practices. Adopting circular practices within the agricultural system could provide multiple benefits of slowing global climate change, reducing extractive practices and helping farmers to adapt to a changing climate. However, there are still many barriers for farmers to adopt these desired circular agriculture (CA) practices, among others, a lack of information about on-farm circular practices. There is a need to support farmers in recognising which strategies can increase the circularity of their farm and what this means in terms of their farms' climate neutrality and its long-term sustainability. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop a novel conceptual framework to facilitate a broader and integrated understanding of how on-farm CA strategies and practices contribute to the goals of climate change mitigation and on-farm sustainability, thus supporting farmers in transitioning their farms towards greater circularity.</p>","PeriodicalId":461,"journal":{"name":"Ambio","volume":" ","pages":"1334-1352"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12214233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and application of <i>Musa paradisiaca</i>-derived mesoporous hydrogel beads for selective adsorption of potentially toxic elements from aqueous environments.","authors":"T J Jacklien Emema Rose, P Baskaralingam, Jeny Rachel Biju, Sivanesan Subramanian","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2025.2482971","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2025.2482971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogel beads were constructed using sodium alginate (SA) and banana pith powder (BPP). The ability of beads to adsorb Copper (Cu²⁺), Lead (Pb²⁺) and Nickel (Ni²⁺) was examined using SA-BPP ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:0 and 0:1). BET, FTIR, SEM-EDS, TGA and ZP were used to analyse the composite structural characteristics. BET surface area of SA-BPP (1:5) is found to be 28.308 m²/g. The impacts of adsorbent blend ratio, dosage, adsorption contact time, pH, and temperature were evaluated. The efficiency was attained at SA-BPP (1:5), 0.3 g, 180 min, pH 6 and 35°C, with adsorption rates of 83.38% for Cu²⁺, 77% for Pb²⁺ and 94.7% for Ni²⁺. The pseudo-first-order equation displayed good adsorption mechanism using (<i>R</i>² = 0.993, 0.998 and 0.994) for Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Ni²⁺. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm fits perfectly for the adsorption process of SA-BPP (1:5) (<i>R</i>² = 0.967) for Pb²⁺ and Langmuir (<i>R</i>² = 0.979 and 0.983) for Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺. The thermodynamic analysis shows that the adsorption process is endothermic. The removal efficiency was determined by optimizing the theoretical adsorption experiments through the Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Cumulatively, the Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Ni²⁺ ions have an electrostatic nature that facilitates their easier acceptance of the SA-BPP (1:5) adsorbent electrons. After five cycles, a maximal removal effectiveness of 75% is achieved, which concludes a long-lasting adsorbent for industrial wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"3973-3995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of natural radioactivity from soil samples of Al-Salam playground in Al-Najaf governorate of Iraq.","authors":"Ali Abid Abojassim, Hussien Abid Ali Mraity, Rukia Jabar Dosh, Tom Adejoh","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2501742","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10256016.2025.2501742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans are daily exposed to natural background radiations. These are from terrestrial, extra-terrestrial, and anthropogenic radiation sources. Soil is one of the largest contributors to terrestrial radioactivity. The aim of this research was to assess the concentrations of the primordial radionuclides uranium (²³⁸U), thorium (²³²Th) and potassium (⁴⁰K) as well as radiological hazard parameters in soil samples selected from Al-Salam playground in Al-Najaf governorate of Iraq. Gamma ray spectroscopy and a CR-39 detector were used to evaluate both external exposure and internal exposures arising from radon concentrations, respectively. The average activity concentration (Bq kg^-1) for ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K were 17.48 ± 1.89, 8.59 ± 0.77, and 298.31 ± 18.40, respectively. Quantified radiological risk factors were 116.23 ± 5.76 µR h^-1 (exposure), 0.142 ± 0.007 (external hazard (H_ex), 25.71 ± 1.28 nGy h^-1 (absorbed dose rate (D_r), 0.031 ± 0.001 (annual effective dose outdoor (AED_outdoor), and 0.110 ± 0.005 (cancer risk (ELCR × 10^-3), respectively. It was concluded that all values of the activity concentration for natural radionuclides and radiological hazard parameters in study area were within safe limits based on standards set by UNSCEAR, ICRP, and OECD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"402-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing the migration of cadmium, lead and nickel in soil using rice straw-based humic acid modified bentonite.","authors":"Yaqi Ni, Jiasheng Zhang, Yanli Ma, Shixue Ren","doi":"10.1080/09593330.2025.2483939","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09593330.2025.2483939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the continuous advancement of industrial development, the contamination of soil by potentially toxic element ions has emerged as an escalating issue, posing significant threats to both ecological systems and human health. Clay minerals have long been considered as green and economic remediation agents for polluted soil. However, their current application is hampered by low and inconsistent fixation efficiency. Here, a new clay composite BHA@B was prepared by modifying bentonite with biomass humic acid (BHA) prepared from rice straw. The BHA@B was characterized by FTIR, SEM and XRD and then tested as a remediation agent for potentially toxic element ion-contaminated soil. The effect of BHA@B on the prevalence of different fractions of Cd, Pb and Ni in soil and its ability to stabilize these metals were investigated using the BCR sequential extraction method. Treatment with BHA@B reduced the weak acid-extractable and reducible fractions of cadmium, lead and nickel by 22.5 and 8.1%, 17 and 11.4%, and 19.8 and 14%, respectively, compared with untreated soil. BHA@B transforms potentially toxic elements into oxidizable, residual, and other stable fractions, which greatly reduces the ability of potentially toxic element ions in the soil to migrate into the groundwater. BHA@B is a new, green, low-cost and efficient soil remediation agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":12009,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Technology","volume":" ","pages":"4035-4046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uptake and transformation of arsenic by Acidomyces acidophilus isolated from acidic mine tailings and its toxigenic implications.","authors":"Mariana Umpierrez-Failache, Arshath Abdul Rahim, Lorena Betancor, Subhasis Ghoshal","doi":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf121","DOIUrl":"10.1093/etojnl/vgaf121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adequate treatment and safe disposal of high-acidity effluents generated during mining containing elevated concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids, such as arsenic, are a critical environmental challenge. In this work, we isolated and characterized an acidophilic fungus from acid mine drainage-affected tailings pond sludge containing high levels of heavy metals. This fungus was identified as Acidomyces acidophilus strain MSS1 and was characterized by its capacity to tolerate and metabolize As(V) and As(III). Our results show that As tolerance and removal capacity by this fungus is highly dependent on pH, being more effective at pH 3.0 than pH 5.4. The biotransformation mechanism involves internalization of As species, As(V) reduction to As(III), and possible biomethylation. It is also capable of oxidizing As(III) in the medium to As(V) to a lesser extent. Arsenite methyltransferase expression was upregulated in the presence of As(III), increasing approximately 25-fold at pH 3 and approximately 14-fold at pH 5.4, compared with fungus not exposed to As. However, in the presence of As(V), it only increased approximately five-fold at pH 5.4; thus, methylation of As is highly dependent on pH and the type of As species present. Additionally, As was removed by biosorption to the fungal biomass. Overall, our results suggest that A. acidophilus can be considered as a potential As bioremediation agent for the removal of As, in particular As(III), in highly acidic effluents, due to its remarkable tolerance to low pH and high metal concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"2376-2387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}